Greening the blue? Corporate strategies for legitimising deep sea mining

Childs, John

doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2019.102060

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…It is interesting here to draw a parallel with conservation initiatives because they share with DSM projects a fundamental dissonance toward local oceanian habitus. As a matter of fact, global conservation projects (from private foundations, research centers, and governments) also drive environmental management (Childs, 2019), and this illustrated today by customary practices supported by external factors including seasonal bans on harvesting, temporary closed (no-take) areas, and restrictions being placed on certain times, places, species or classes of persons. Closed areas incorporate the "tabu" areas of Fiji, Vanuatu and Kiribati, the « ra'ui » in the Cook Islands, the "kapu" in Hawaii, the "tambu" in PNG, the "bul" in Palau, the "mo" in the Marshall Islands, the "tapu" in Tonga and the "rāhui" in Aotearoa-New Zealand and French Polynesia (Bambridge, 2016;Bambridge et al, 2019).…”

Section: Faunal Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the discussed legislation of the Cook Islands has since been subject to review and public consultation processes and has subsequently been amended, demonstrating willingness to consider the opinion of all stakeholders and act accordingly (Cook Islands Seabed Minerals Amendment Act, 2020). indigenous peoples, the State and extractive industries (Navarre and Lammens, 2017;Childs, 2019).…”

Section: National Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, according to the local communities, social and cultural impacts of DSM have been disregarded by Nautilus Minerals Inc. The company declared that its mining operations would "have no human impact, " by virtue of being distant at sea (Childs, 2019). According to PNG positive law, it remains unclear whether the EIA, which is not legally defined, includes the social and cultural impacts (Papua New Guinea (PNG), 2004).…”

Section: Papua New Guineamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the perspective of Indigenous Peoples and local communities, and even "outsiders" (i.e., non-community members), may be characterized as reluctant or even hostile toward this new activity and its risks (Secretariat of the Pacific Community, 2012). More so, the potential for economic independence for Island States is potentially compromised by DSM projects -led often by large corporate businesses in the Global North -which rely on economic trade-offs and compromises (re)creating new forms of financial reliance and perpetuating existing power imbalances between the wealthy 'West' and the 'rest' (Le Meur et al, 2018;Childs, 2019). The nations that have considered DSM in the near future, and have formulated policies and legislation on offshore mineral development, need to ensure the long-term preservation of their marine environment, including the seabed and the associated water column, acknowledging the HWSL, in particular traditional knowledge, of the people and communities who rely on the resources from the open sea (D'Arcy, 2013b).…”

Section: Introduction and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Traditional Dimensions of Seabed Resource Management in the Context of Deep Sea Mining in the Pacific: Learning From the Socio-Ecological Interconnectivity Between Island Communities and the Ocean Realm

Tilot

Willaert

Guilloux³

et al. 2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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In many of the Pacific Islands, local communities have long-held cultural and spiritual attachments to the sea, in particular to species and specific marine areas, processes, habitats, islands, and natural seabed formations. Traditional knowledge, customary marine management approaches and integrated relationships between biodiversity, ecosystems and local communities promote conservation and ensure that marine benefits are reaped in a holistic, sustainable and equitable manner. However, the interaction between local traditional knowledge, contemporary scientific approaches to marine resource management and specific regulatory frameworks has often been challenging. To some extent, the value of community practices and customary law, which have provided an incentive for regional cooperation and coordination around ocean governance, is acknowledged in several legal systems in the Pacific and a number of regional and international instruments, but this important connection can be further enhanced. In this article we present a science-based overview of the marine habitats that would be affected by deep seabed mining (DSM) along with an analysis of some traditional dimensions and cultural/societal aspects of marine resource management. We then assess whether the applicable legal frameworks at different levels attach sufficient importance to these traditional dimensions and to the human and societal aspects of seabed (mineral) resource management in the region. On the basis of this analysis, we identify best practices and formulate recommendations with regard to the current regulatory frameworks and seabed resource management approaches. Indeed, the policies and practices developed in the Pacific could well serve as a suitable model elsewhere to reconcile commercial, ecological, cultural and social values within the context of deep sea mineral exploitation in addition to sustaining the Human Well-being and Sustainable Livelihoods (HWSL) of the Pacific communities and the health of the Global Ocean.

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Section: Faunal Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: National Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Papua New Guineamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Traditional Dimensions of Seabed Resource Management in the Context of Deep Sea Mining in the Pacific: Learning From the Socio-Ecological Interconnectivity Between Island Communities and the Ocean Realm

Tilot

Willaert

Guilloux³

et al. 2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…While in some cases it is nation states that are driving DSM activities, more often than not, this prospecting and exploring is occurring via multinational contractors-global corporations-with the research, science and technology capabilities to enable such activities. This makes DSM a complex territory see [35,36,[38][39][40]. Given that the 'Area' is legally royalsocietypublishing.org/journal/rstb Phil.…”

Section: A Blueprint From the Land: Placing Ocean Governance Territormentioning

confidence: 99%

The territories of governance : unpacking the ontologies and geophilosophies of fixed to flexible ocean management, and beyond

Peters

2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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This paper offers a conceptual contribution to understanding ocean governance and the management of spaces for the protection of marine biodiversity, organization of extractive industries, the arrangement of global shipping and other ‘blue-economy’ uses. Rather than focus on one type of management technique (such as a Marine Protected Area (MPA) or example of Marine Spatial Planning), or a site- or species-specific case study of governance, this paper offers a theoretical tracking of the uncharted territories of governance that foreground ocean management approaches. The literature on ocean governance and management techniques predominantly derive from scientific disciplines (which provide the basis for planning) and policy-related social science fields, leaving a lacuna in more critical discussions of ways of knowing and understanding the world that drive it. The paper argues the need to critically understand the ontologies (the regimes of what we believe exists) and geophilosophies (the geographically informed modes of thinking) of territory that underscore ocean management to make sense of its past successes and failures, its present functioning and its future directions. This paper argues that without critical consideration of the kinds of thinking—the ontologies and geophilosophies—that drive ocean management, it will lack the transformative potential many hope it will achieve for sustainable development. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Integrative research perspectives on marine conservation’.

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