Grid impact of charging electric vehicles; study cases in Denmark, Germany and The Netherlands

Burgt, Jos van der; Vera, Santiago Penate; Wille-Haussmann, Bernhard; Andersen, Anders Nyboe; Tambjerg, Leif Holm

doi:10.1109/ptc.2015.7232234

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Studies on the effects of EV charging on the distribution grid are scarcer than studies of PV power generation in the distribution grid. Previous research in the field has focused on only one or a few LV grids [17][18][19]. In [17], active power limitation of EV charging and reactive power control were used to avoid violating the voltage boundaries in an LV grid.…”

Section: Related Work and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [17], active power limitation of EV charging and reactive power control were used to avoid violating the voltage boundaries in an LV grid. In [18], a tool to simulate the grid impact from EV charging (3.7 and 22 kW) and distributed generation (DG) in LV grids was developed. Smart EV charging, grid reinforcements and energy storage were compared, and energy storage in combination with smart charging was found to be suitable to compensate for both high EV charging demand and high PV power generation [18].…”

Section: Related Work and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [18], a tool to simulate the grid impact from EV charging (3.7 and 22 kW) and distributed generation (DG) in LV grids was developed. Smart EV charging, grid reinforcements and energy storage were compared, and energy storage in combination with smart charging was found to be suitable to compensate for both high EV charging demand and high PV power generation [18]. In a remote LV grid, voltage violations were found to occur before grid components were overloaded when the peak power demand was increased [18].…”

Section: Related Work and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photovoltaics and opportunistic electric vehicle charging in the power system – a case study on a Swedish distribution grid

Luthander

Shepero

Munkhammar

et al. 2019

IET Renewable Power Generation

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Renewable distributed generation and electric vehicles (EVs) are two important components in the transition to a more sustainable society. However, both pose new challenges to the power system due to the intermittent generation and EV charging load. In this case study, a power system consisting of a low-and medium-voltage rural and urban distribution grid with 5174 customers, high penetration of photovoltaic (PV) electricity and a fully electrified car fleet were assumed, and their impact on the grid was assessed. The two extreme cases of two summer weeks and two winter weeks with and without EV charging and a PV penetration varying between 0% and 100% of the annual electricity consumption were examined. Active power curtailment of the PV systems was used to avoid overvoltage. The results show an increased electricity consumption of 9.3% in the winter weeks and 17.1% in the summer weeks, a lowering of the minimum voltage by one percent at the most, and a marginal contribution by the EV charging to lower the need of PV power curtailment. This shows the minor impact of EV charging on the distribution grid, both in positive terms of allowing more PV power generation, and in negative terms of lower voltage levels.

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Section: Related Work and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Work and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Work and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Photovoltaics and opportunistic electric vehicle charging in the power system – a case study on a Swedish distribution grid

Luthander

Shepero

Munkhammar

et al. 2019

IET Renewable Power Generation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The integration of the increasing number of EVs into the power grid is an open issue [3,4]. The increasing and uncoordinated electrical load due to EV charging imposes significant challenges for the stable operation of the power grid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Pricing for Electric Vehicle Charging—A Literature Review

Limmer

2019

Energies

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Time-varying pricing is seen as an appropriate means for unlocking the potential flexibility from electric vehicle users. This in turn facilitates the future integration of electric vehicles and renewable energy resources into the power grid. The most complex form of time-varying pricing is dynamic pricing. Its application to electric vehicle charging is receiving growing attention and an increasing number of different approaches can be found in the literature. This work aims at providing an overview and a categorization of the existing work in this growing field of research. Furthermore, user studies and the modeling of user preferences via utility functions are discussed.

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“…During measurements, the analysis chamber pressure was maintained at ∼10 −11 Torr. Finally, the room temperature electrical resistivities of the as-deposited and annealed Pt and composite films were measured using a van der Pauw's four probe technique [44]. The phase analysis and crystallinity of the as-deposited and annealed films were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a Rigaku Ultima IV powder diffractometer equipped with Cu K␣ radiation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum–zirconium composite thin film electrodes for high-temperature micro-chemical sensor applications

Çiftyürek

McMillen

Sabolsky

et al. 2015

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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a b s t r a c tStable metal interconnect thin films are critical in the development of various micro-machined devices that may operate continuously at elevated temperatures. The main objective of this work was to investigate the microstructural and electrical stability of a functionally gradient platinum (Pt)-zirconium (Zr) composite thin film electrode designed for resistive-type chemical sensors. Thin film electrodes were fabricated using a DC magnetron sputtering process. Zirconium was used as both the conventional adhesion promoter and the Pt grain modifier within the bulk electrode microstructure. The thin film deposition was completed on highly polished alumina substrates at 200 • C. The various composite Pt thin films were further annealed at 1200 • C after deposition for 1-24 h for rapid evaluation of the microstructure stability. This temperature was chosen since the electrodes are expected to operate beyond 1000 • C for high-temperature MEMS applications. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive Xray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were conducted to characterize the alterations in chemistry, microstructure and distribution of the constituent elements through the film thickness. The electrical resistivity of the as-deposited and thermally processed Pt thin films was measured by utilizing a van der Pauw's four-point probe technique. The work identified a Zr/Zr + Pt/Pt composite thin film with the 525 nm total film thickness that demonstrated resistivity <5.08 × 10 −7 m after being processed to 1200 • C for 15 h. A lift-off technique was finally used to produce a micro-electrode patterns with the optimized film structure for high-temperature applications.

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Grid impact of charging electric vehicles; study cases in Denmark, Germany and The Netherlands

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Photovoltaics and opportunistic electric vehicle charging in the power system – a case study on a Swedish distribution grid

Photovoltaics and opportunistic electric vehicle charging in the power system – a case study on a Swedish distribution grid

Dynamic Pricing for Electric Vehicle Charging—A Literature Review

Platinum–zirconium composite thin film electrodes for high-temperature micro-chemical sensor applications

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