Grid‐responsive smart manufacturing: A perspective for an interconnected energy future in the industrial sector

Abstract

With the growing amount of renewable energy sources, the grid has become responsible for accounting for intermittency and the flexibility needed to utilize dynamic sources. Expensive peaking plants and energy storage systems have been proposed as ways to mitigate those problems. There is a large group of energy consumers that can respond to grid conditions. Historically, these consumers have been residential and commercial users, but with modern innovations and practices, industrial consumers have the potential to become a major player in this space. Grid‐responsive smart manufacturing can be used to utilize modern tools in manufacturing innovation as enablers for grid response. These modern tools already exist but are not widely used for industrial grid‐side energy management. This article defines grid‐responsive smart manufacturing, identifies five major barriers to its widespread implementation, and portrays the path to getting industrial users to be key players in grid stability and flexibility.

ZSM‐5 zeolite incorporated flow battery membranes with regulated pore channels for high proton conduction

“…Ion conductive membranes (ICMs) with fast proton conduction characteristics are of importance for the development of high‐power energy conversion and storage devices 1 . Currently, microporous framework materials possessing rigid well‐defined microporous structure, 2 such as metal organic framework (MOF), 3 covalent organic framework (COF), 4 and zeolite 5 are promising materials employed to prepare ICMs for fuel cell and flow battery 6 .…”

“…Ion conductive membranes (ICMs) with fast proton conduction characteristics are of importance for the development of high-power energy conversion and storage devices. 1 Currently, microporous framework materials possessing rigid well-defined microporous structure, 2 such as metal organic framework (MOF), 3 covalent organic framework (COF), 4 and zeolite 5 are promising materials employed to prepare ICMs for fuel cell and flow battery. 6 Among these microporous materials, ZSM-5 is an aluminosilicate porous zeolite composed of TO 4 (T = Si 4+ , Al 3+ ) tetrahedral primary units (Figure S1), 7 whose hydrophilic property on the surface could reduce the resistance to the entry of protons into the pore, 8 and the internal interconnected sub-nanometer pores may allow fast proton transport, 9 showing tremendous potential for the development of the high-performance ICM.…”

Integrating process and power grid models for optimal design and demand response operation of giga‐scale green hydrogen

“…13,14 This represents a potential win-win for the power grid and manufacturer, serving as a form of economic incentive for helping to balance grid demand. Numerous recent works study demand-side management of other electrified industrial processes (see recent perspectives by Billings and Powell, 15 Cegla et al 16 ), including air separation, [17][18][19] chlor-akali electrolysis, 20,21 steel manufacturing, 22 zeolite crystallization, 23 and copper production. 24 Demand response schedules are typically computed using dynamic 25,26 or static 27 surrogate models, given an electricity price forecast, by solving a dynamic or (mixed-integer) linear optimization problem.…”

A Survey on Recent Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Optimization for Smart Grids in Smart Manufacturing

“…Integration of the SG system with renewable energies: As environmental sustainability issues have received increasing attention, more and more renewable energies will be integrated into the SG system in the future [107] so that the system will become more complex, especially when supply and demand of the SC are intermittent, thus, supporting demand-side management in industrial environments becomes key to grid stability and flexibility [108,109]. One of the future challenges is to investigate how to make this complex integrated system more stable and provide manufacturing more efficiently.…”