Grid-Scale Ternary-Pumped Thermal Electricity Storage for Flexible Operation of Nuclear Power Generation under High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources

Hovsapian, Rob; Osorio, Julián D.; Panwar, Mayank; Chryssostomidis, Chryssostomos; Ordóñez, Juan C.

doi:10.3390/en14133858

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Ideally, to achieve a high-efficiency, no-waste energy system, energy produced by turbines, PV, biomass and wind is expected to be systematically managed and integrated with a bidirectional connection to thermal and electric grids. Meanwhile, the grid allows automatically electrical energy storage to be produced in excess and makes it possible to recover it when it is needed by consumers [110]. The integration of variable renewable energy sources into thermal and electric grids and studies on grid flexibility are becoming key topics and, accordingly, many technical problems have been solved [111].…”

Section: Renewable Energy Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Low-Carbon and Sustainable, Efficient Technology: Strategies and Applications

et al. 2022

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The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the supply chains of traditional fossil fuels. According to a report by the International Energy Agency (IEA) from 2020, oil-refining activity fell by more than the IEA had anticipated. It was also assumed that the demand in 2021 would likely be 2.6 million bpd below the 2019 levels. However, renewable markets have shown strong resilience during the crisis. It was determined that renewables are on track to meet 80% of the growth in electricity demand over the next 10 years and that sustainable energy will act as the primary source of electricity production instead of coal. On the other hand, the report also emphasized that measures for reducing environmental pollution and CO2 emissions are still insufficient and that significant current investments should be further expanded. The Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES) conference series is dedicated to the advancement and dissemination of knowledge on methods, policies and technologies for improving the sustainability of development by decoupling growth from the use of natural resources. The 15th SDEWES conference was held online from 1–5 September 2020; more than 300 reports with 7 special sections were organized on the virtual conference platform. This paper presents the major achievements of the recommended papers in the Special Issue of Energies. Additionally, related studies connected to the above papers published in the SDEWES series are also introduced, including the four main research fields of energy saving and emission reduction, renewable energy applications, the development of district heating systems, and the economic assessment of sustainable energy.

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Section: Renewable Energy Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Low-Carbon and Sustainable, Efficient Technology: Strategies and Applications

et al. 2022

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“…Al Kindi et al [21] analyzed the use of the TES system within a nuclear power unit equipped with the PWR reactor. Hovsapian et al [22] analyzed the integration of the nuclear unit with a ternary-Pumped Thermal Electricity Storage (t-PTES) system, which consists of a heat pump, a thermal energy storage tank system, and a heat engine. The integration is carried out only on the electrical side, enabling the heat storage temperature to be independent of the temperature characteristics in the thermal cycle of the power unit.…”

Section: Molten Salt Thermal Energy Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Repowering a Coal Power Unit with Small Modular Reactors and Thermal Energy Storage

et al. 2022

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In the first months of 2022, there was a sharp turn in the energy policy of the European Union, initially spurred by increasing energy prices and further escalated by Russia’s invasion of the Ukraine. Further transformation of the energy system will likely be accompanied by the gradual abandonment of natural gas from Russia and an increase of renewable and nuclear energy. Such a transition will not only increase energy security, but also accelerate the pace at which greenhouse gas emissions are reduced in Europe. This could be achieved more effectively if some of the new nuclear energy capacity is optimized to play an increased balancing role in the energy system, thus allowing for deeper market penetration of intermittent renewable energy sources with a reduced need for flexible fossil backup power and storage. A double effect of decarbonization can be achieved by investments in nuclear repowering of coal-fired units, with the replacement of coal boiler islands with nuclear reactor systems. Repowered plants, in turn, operate flexibly via integration with thermal energy storage systems using molten salt. This paper presents the results of a technoeconomic analysis for three cases of nuclear repowering of a 460 MW supercritical coal-fired unit in Poland. The first reference case assumes that three reactors are replacing the existing coal boilers, while the second reference leverages two reactors. The third uses two nuclear reactors equipped with a molten salt thermal energy storage system as a buffer for the heat produced by the reactor system. The analysis of the third case demonstrates how the TES system’s capacity varies from 200 to 1200 MWh, highlighting the possibility of obtaining a high degree of flexibility of the nuclear unit due to TES system without significant drops in the efficiency of electricity production. The economic analysis demonstrates that integration with TES systems may be beneficial if the current levels of daily variation in electricity prices are maintained. For current market conditions, the most attractive investment is a case with two reactors and a TES system capacity of 800 MWh; however, with the increasing price volatility, this grows to a larger capacity of 1000 or 1200 MWh.

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“…. , ∆u s(k+m−1) )] T , (10) and y d k+1|k denotes a rp×1 vector of the estimated disturbances, which simply boil down to the difference between the true signal values and the free response of the model, with A as a rp×sm dynamic matrix comprising step response samples of the multiple-input multiple-output system (11):…”

Section: Model Predictive Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Reference [11], the authors emphasized the legitimacy of installing energy storage systems to improve the stability of the system and supporting the control systems of turbine sets, as a result of the simulations of the system with a large share of RES. The impact of disturbances in the power system with a large share of RES on the operation of the control systems of a nuclear power plant operating with the PWR reactor is presented in the paper [12].…”

Section: Introduction 1power Generation Problem At Largementioning

confidence: 99%

Power System Stabilizer as a Part of a Generator MPC Adaptive Predictive Control System

et al. 2021

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In this paper, a model predictive controller based on a generator model for prediction purposes is proposed to replace a standard generator controller with a stabilizer of a power system. Such a local controller utilizes an input-output model of the system taking into consideration not only a generator voltage Ug but also an additional, auxiliary signal (e.g., α, Pg, or ωg). This additional piece of information allows for taking oscillations into account that occur in the system and minimizing their impact on the overall system performance. Parameters of models used by the controller are obtained on the basis of the introduced black-box models both for a turbine and a synchronous generator, parameters of which are estimated in an on line fashion using a RLS method. The aim of this paper is to compare the behavior of the classical generator control system with a power system stabilizer and a model predictive control with an additional feedback signal. The novelty of the paper is related to the use of the predictive controller instead of the classical controller/stabilizer system and its possibility of stabilizing the power system. Contrary to the solutions found in the literature, which are commonly-based on a fuzzy logic approach, the authors propose the use of an adaptive model predictive controller, which takes advantage of the knowledge concerning the plant in the form of a model and adapts itself to the operating point of the system using the model parameters estimation mechanism. Moreover, the adaptive predictive controller, unlike other solutions, automatically adjusts signal levels to changes in the plant. The proposed solution is able to calculate the best control signal regardless of whether these changes of the plant are caused by a change in the operating point, or resulting from operation, e.g., wear of mechanical parts.

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Grid-Scale Ternary-Pumped Thermal Electricity Storage for Flexible Operation of Nuclear Power Generation under High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Recent Advances in Low-Carbon and Sustainable, Efficient Technology: Strategies and Applications

Recent Advances in Low-Carbon and Sustainable, Efficient Technology: Strategies and Applications

Repowering a Coal Power Unit with Small Modular Reactors and Thermal Energy Storage

Power System Stabilizer as a Part of a Generator MPC Adaptive Predictive Control System

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