Grooming

Abstract

Grooming is a term that has become widely used in relation to child sexual abuse and exploitation, with media attention and public concern leading to the introduction of legislation in at least 196 countries to try to prevent it. Despite this, there is variation in definitions and confusion over the use of the term. It is most commonly used to describe behaviors prior to abuse, such as the identification of a potential victim who is manipulated into situations that allow the abuse to take place. Behaviors by perpetrators to maintain abuse and to keep the victims, their significant others, and the community from disclosing it are also included in many explanations of grooming. As many of these behaviors, such as spending time with a child or adolescent, are typical and normal behaviors, with only the intent of the perpetrator making such acts of concern, it is extremely difficult to identify grooming prior to abuse/exploitation.