Gross Anatomical Studies on the Cervical Vertebrae of Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)

Sridevi, P.; Rajalakshmi, K.; Sivakumar, M

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2019.808.263

Cited by 4 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The quadrilateral and roughly triangular shapes of the pre and post acetabular parts of the Guinea fowl ilium, respectively, as reported in our study, is consistent with those of the ostrich and emu [8,38]. However, N i c k e l et al…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Similar lateral presentation was reported in the domestic fowl by M a i e r l et al [21] who referred to it as the dorsolateral iliac spine of the chicken. It is completely absent in the emu [38]. The conspicuous renal fossa observed in this study is also lacking in the emu [8,18,38],…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…S r i d e v i et al [38] reported that it is very prominent in the emu, with a conspicuous facet for articulation with the trochanter major of the femur. S a t h y m o o r t h y et al, [34], R e s k [28] and S a r m a et al [32] also reported that it is prominent in the pelicans, cattle egret and owl, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the ostrich is the only extant avian specie with a pubic symphysis [8,40]. The obturator foramen is a complete concentric foramen in the owl [32] but incomplete in the emu [8,38]. The Digit I and IV of parrots, such as budgerigar have planter orientation, while Digits II and III have dorsal orientation, known as zygodactyly [6], while only Digit I has planter orientation in the domestic fowl, known as anisodactyly [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hindlimb Skeletal Morphology of the Helmeted Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagridis)

et al. 2023

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The Guinea fowl (Numida meleagridis) is a semi-domestic bird whose commercial popularity is on the increase. The gross anatomy of the hindlimbs of 8 helmeted Guinea fowls of equal sexes were studied. The pubic shafts were free, thus they did not fuse ventrally to form a symphysis. The ilium had a quadrilateral and roughly triangular pre and post acetabular wings, respectively. A conspicuous renal fossa was observed in the post acetabular wing. An incomplete concentric obturator foramen, lacking a caudal margin, was formed by the ventral border of the ischium and dorsal border of the cranial pubic shaft, while a prominent ischiopubic fissure was formed by the same bones, caudally. The incomplete concentric nature of the obturator foramen created a common space between it and the ischiopubic fissure. The femoral major trochanter was more proximal than the head, while the minor tro-chanter and the head were on the same horizontal level. The femur lacked a visible pneumatic foramen. The tibiotarsus had a prominent cranial cnemial crest. The fibular spine terminated at the tibia mid-shaft, leaving one interosseous space. An intertarsal sesamoid bone was identified, indicative of an adult skeleton. Crests and channels depicted the hypotarsus. Vascular foramen was identified in the distal extremity of the tibiotarsus. Digit I was oriented to the planter direction. These results, and others, were compared with those of other birds in the available literature, and some morpho-functional paradigm of the Guinea fowl hindlimb skeleton was established.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hindlimb Skeletal Morphology of the Helmeted Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagridis)

et al. 2023

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“…The number of cervical vertebrae varies among wide ranges in birds viz. 19 in grebes (Zusi and Storer, 1969), 18 in cormates (Ono, 1980), 14 in japanese quail (Takashima and Mizuma, 1981), 17 in emu (Sridevi et al 2019), 12 in pigeons, 17 in geese, 14 in chickens and ducks (Nickel et al1977), 17 in ibies (Kaneko et al 2009), 13 in penguins (Guinard et al 2010), 17 to 18 in red crowned cranes and hooded cranes (Hiraga et al 2014), 14 in cattle egret ( Rezk, 2015). In blueand-yellow macaw and mute swan 10 and 23, respectively (Bohmer et al 2019), 13 in short-necked cinereous vulture and 15 in long-necked griffon vulture (Houston, 1987).…”

Section: Cervical Vertebraementioning

confidence: 99%

Gross Morphological Studies on the Vertebral Column of Indian Eagle Owl (Bubo bengalensis)

Sridevi

Rajalakshmi

Sivakumar

et al. 2020

IJAR

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Background: Indian eagle owl known to rotate their necks up to 270 degrees in either direction without injuring their vessels running below the head thereby without cutting off blood supply to their brains. The vertebral column in birds carry peculiar features like higher number of cervical vertebrae due to long mobile neck, lumbar and sacral vertebrae fused together giving rigidity which aid in flight. The extensive fusion of vertebral column posterior to the neck provides the required rigidity in the trunk region, this inflexibility feature might reduce weight, as it avoids the need for extensive musculature to maintain a streamlined and rigid body posture during flight. The current study aimed to study the vertebral column of Indian eagle owl in order to understand the anatomical adaptations related to this species. Methods: The specimens were procured from three Indian eagle owl brought for post mortem examination during the year 2019 to the Department of Veterinary Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Puducherry. After completion of the post-mortem examination the carcass was collected and macerated as per the standard technique and various measurements on vertebral column bones were measured using vernier calliper. Result: The study revealed that vertebral column of Indian eagle owl consisted of 14 cervical vertebrae, 7 thoracic vertebrae, 13 to 14 lumbar vertebrae fused with sacral vertebrae forming synsacrum and 7 coccygeal vertebrae. The hypapophyses of the 14th cervical vertebra and first two thoracic vertebrae were trifid in nature specific feature seen in Indian eagle owl. The vertebral column had characteristics features of hypapophyses, transverse process, pneumatic foramen and neural spine which enable the owl to adapt for head rotation and various task involving vertebrae.

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Sex determination in budgerigars using radiographic pelvimetry

Yilmaz,

Koca,

Sahin

et al. 2023

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to assess the pelvimetric values obtained from radiographic pelvis images of budgerigars in terms of sexual dimorphism. The objectives included determining linear osteometric and angle measurements of the pelvis, as well as calculating the length‐to‐width ratios among different pelvimetric measurements. Additionally, the study aimed to reveal the correlations between age and body weight with both the pelvimetric measurements and ratio measurements in these animals.MethodsIn this study, measurements of linear distance, angle and length‐to‐width ratios were obtained from ventrodorsal images of the pelvis in a sample of 60 budgerigars, consisting of 30 males and 30 females. Subsequently, the statistical analysis of the obtained measurement values was performed.ResultsWhen analysing the morphometric measurement values based on sex, it was observed that all linear measurements (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10 and L11) were higher in males, whereas the angle measurements (A1, LA2 and RA2) were found to be significantly greater in females (p < 0.05). Additionally, both male and female budgerigars exhibited a greater pre‐acetabular length of the ilium compared to the post‐acetabular length. Moreover, there were mostly positive significant correlations between age and body weight with the pelvic measurement values in both sexes (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe obtained biometric measurement values from pelvimetric X‐ray images in budgerigars were analysed to assess sexual dimorphism. Furthermore, this study presents fundamental morphometric data that can be valuable for clinical, taxonomic, phylogenetic, ornithological, allometric and characterization studies of budgerigars.

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Gross Anatomical Studies on the Cervical Vertebrae of Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Hindlimb Skeletal Morphology of the Helmeted Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagridis)

Hindlimb Skeletal Morphology of the Helmeted Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagridis)

Gross Morphological Studies on the Vertebral Column of Indian Eagle Owl (Bubo bengalensis)

Sex determination in budgerigars using radiographic pelvimetry

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