Gross anatomy and evolutionary significance of the human peroneus III

Krammer, Eva B.; Lischka, Martin F.; Gruber, Helmut

doi:10.1007/bf00317642

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Twenty-five studies [5, 20, 21, 23, 25, 26, 30–32, 37–52] including 3628 legs yielded a weighted true prevalence of 93.2% (95% CI = 0.916 to 0.945, I 2 = 62.2%). A sensitivity analysis of 9 studies including samples of more than 100 leg specimens with a total of 2517 specimens yielded a weighted frequency of 92.7% (95% CI = 0.908 to 0.943, I 2 = 63.2%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thirteen “Caucasian” studies [5, 20, 23, 25, 30, 37–39, 44–47, 49] including 1788 legs yielded a true frequency of 92.3% (95% CI = 0.910 to 0.934; I 2 = 0%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They stated that this “nonus proprius per se musculus” of Vesalius is part of the extensor digitorum muscle that it is inserted on the fifth toe and thus has no separate entity. In spite of later accurate and precise descriptions of FT reported by Albinus [3] and Winslow [4], the FT has been repeatedly negated its separate identity and associated with the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) [5]. In fact, it was not until the nineteenth century that the original description of this muscle as a separate entity has been revalidated by some renowned anatomists such as Henle [6] and Hyrtl [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FT is the most superficial and largest muscle of the anterior group of the leg muscles and it usually arises from the distal third or half of the fibula and of the intermuscular septum [5, 20]. Its tendon runs obliquely and laterally to the most lateral tendon of the EDL (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its insertion may vary and can go onto the 5th and the 4th metatarsal bases or onto the shafts [22]. An additional frequent projection goes towards the base of the fourth metatarsal but could only be visible after lateral mobilization of the FT tendon [5, 23, 24]. Another additional slip to the dorsal aponeurosis of the fifth toe might be sometimes observed [5, 25, 26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius Muscle in Humans: A Meta-Analysis of Anatomical Studies with Clinical and Evolutionary Implications

Yammine¹,

Erić

2017

BioMed Research International

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Being considered an exclusive human structure for a long time, fibularis tertius (FT) is believed to have a secondary function of foot dorsiflexion and eversion. This study is an attempt to approach the issue from an anatomical perspective. A systematic literature search identified 35 studies (7601 legs) which met the inclusion criteria. The weighted results of FT presence were as follows: an “adult cadaveric” frequency of 93.2% and a clinical frequency of 80%. The most common FT origin and insertion sites were the distal half of fibula and the base of the 5th metatarsal, respectively. In 95% of cases, an accessory fibular muscle was detected when FT was lacking. We demonstrated that the discrepancy found between the adult cadaveric and clinical frequency values would point out a probable bias in interpreting previous kinesiological results. On an evolutionary level, comparative anatomy demonstrated a very low FT prevalence among monkeys while reaching a frequency of 30% in gorillas, the only non-human apes having an almost exclusive terrestrial locomotion. The consistent prevalence among humans and the presence of similar functional muscles when it is missing would support an essential role of FT during the phylogenetic development of the erect bipedal posture and probably during gait.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thirteen “Caucasian” studies [5, 20, 23, 25, 30, 37–39, 44–47, 49] including 1788 legs yielded a true frequency of 92.3% (95% CI = 0.910 to 0.934; I 2 = 0%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius Muscle in Humans: A Meta-Analysis of Anatomical Studies with Clinical and Evolutionary Implications

Yammine¹,

Erić

2017

BioMed Research International

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Leg Muscles

Lambert¹

2016

Bergman's Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation

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Fibularis Tertius: Anatomical Study and Review of the Literature

Olewnik

2019

Clinical Anatomy

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Although there is much morphological variation in the anterior compartment of the leg, there is little information about the morphological variability of the fibularis tertius muscle (FTM). The main aim of the present study was to characterize the morphology (origin and insertion) and frequency of occurrence of the FTM and to use these findings as the basis for a new classification of the fibularis tertius tendon. Classical anatomical dissection was performed on 106 lower limbs fixed in 10% formalin. The presence of the FTM and the morphology of both its origin and its insertion were described. The FTM was present in 91 limbs (85.8%). Three types of origin were observed: Type 1, the most common type, with its origin on the distal half fibula (67%); Type 2, with the origin on the distal third fibula (22%); and Type 3, with an origin from the tendon of the extensor digitorum longus (11%). In addition, six types of insertion were distinguished. The most common was Type I (45%), a single distal attachment where the tendon inserts into the shaft of the fifth metatarsal bone. The rarest was Type VI, characterized by fusion with an additional band of the fibularis brevis tendon, which gives rise to the fourth interosseus dorsalis muscle. Two morphological variants of insertion could be distinguished, fan-shaped and band-shaped. Both the origin and insertion of the FTM are very morphologically variable, with three types of origin (Types 1-3) and six types of insertion point (Types I-VI) observed. Knowledge of such variations is essential for both clinicians and anatomists.

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Gross anatomy and evolutionary significance of the human peroneus III

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

The Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius Muscle in Humans: A Meta-Analysis of Anatomical Studies with Clinical and Evolutionary Implications

The Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius Muscle in Humans: A Meta-Analysis of Anatomical Studies with Clinical and Evolutionary Implications

Leg Muscles

Fibularis Tertius: Anatomical Study and Review of the Literature

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