Gross Fragmentation of Cardiac Myofibrils After Therapeutic Starvation for Obesity

Garnett, E. S.; Barnard, D.L.; Ford, Janet; Goodbody, R. A.; Woodehouse, M.A.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(69)92546-x

Cited by 118 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Therefore, Sokolow-Lyon voltage should be replaced by the Cornell voltage criteria, which appear to be less influenced by the presence of obesity. 112 Although ECG parameters in obese patients should be expected to change after weight loss, the impact of weight loss in obese patients on the QRS voltage is not consistent; studies report a decrease, [113][114][115] no change, 116 or an increase in the QRS amplitude. 102,105,106 With weight loss, a decreased amount of fat mass may counterbalance a true decrease in left ventricular mass, and a low QRS voltage could be secondary to myocardial atrophy.…”

Section: Electrocardiogrammentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Effect of Weight Loss

Poirier¹,

Giles²,

Bray³

et al. 2006

Circulation

2,754

1,463

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Abstract-Obesity is becoming a global epidemic in both children and adults. It is associated with numerous comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), type 2 diabetes, hypertension, certain cancers, and sleep apnea/sleep-disordered breathing. In fact, obesity is an independent risk factor for CVD, and CVD risks have also been documented in obese children. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality as well as reduced life expectancy. Health service use and medical costs associated with obesity and related diseases have risen dramatically and are expected to continue to rise. Besides an altered metabolic profile, a variety of adaptations/alterations in cardiac structure and function occur in the individual as adipose tissue accumulates in excess amounts, even in the absence of comorbidities. Hence, obesity may affect the heart through its influence on known risk factors such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, glucose intolerance, inflammatory markers, obstructive sleep apnea/hypoventilation, and the prothrombotic state, in addition to as-yet-unrecognized mechanisms. On the whole, overweight and obesity predispose to or are associated with numerous cardiac complications such as coronary heart disease, heart failure, and sudden death because of their impact on the cardiovascular system. The pathophysiology of these entities that are linked to obesity will be discussed. However, the cardiovascular clinical evaluation of obese patients may be limited because of the morphology of the individual. In this statement, we review the available evidence of the impact of obesity on CVD with emphasis on the evaluation of cardiac structure and function in obese patients and the effect of weight loss on the cardiovascular system. (Circulation. 2006;113:898-918.)

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Section: Electrocardiogrammentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Effect of Weight Loss

Poirier¹,

Giles²,

Bray³

et al. 2006

Circulation

2,754

1,463

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, prolonged fasting is feasible and generally well tolerated in humans, but may be accompanied by relatively minor side-effects, such as headaches, light-headedness, nausea, weakness, edema, anemia and amenorrhea (Bloom, 1959;Drenick et al, 1964;Thomson et al, 1966). In some rare cases, extreme fasting for periods of several weeks or longer in obese subjects has been reported to cause fatal complications such as renal failure, heart failure and lactic acidosis (Cubberley et al, 1965;Spencer, 1968;Garnett et al, 1969;Runcie and Thomson, 1970). Prolonged fasting can also cause severe problems and possibly death, as it occurred in some prisoners of concentration camps after they were liberated, if the re-feeding period is not gradual.…”

Section: The Physiology Of Fastingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fasting vs dietary restriction in cellular protection and cancer treatment: from model organisms to patients

2011

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“…Garnett and colleagues ®rst reported prolongation of the QTc interval and fatal ventricular arrhythmia's in a young woman during the early phase of refeeding following a 30 week total fast. 2 Since Garnett's study, many other investigators have reported single 3±7 or multiple 8±11 similar cases of prolonged QTc intervals associated with cardiac arrhythmias in subjects with diet or surgically-induced weight loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocardiographic QTc interval: short-term weight loss effects

Pietrobelli

Rothacker²,

Gallagher

et al. 1997

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVE: Prolongation of the QTc interval is a risk factor for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. There is a correlation between body mass index (BMI) and QTc, with longer intervals observed in obese subjects. Dieting and weight loss on selected diets are also associated with prolongation of the QTc interval, although the mechanisms and risk factors of this syndrome are not clearly established. The aim of the current investigation was to determine if short-term weight loss over seven days while living on a metabolic ward in¯uences cardiac repolarization as indicated by QT interval duration. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: The elctrocardiogram QT, RR, and QTc (QT/RR 0.5 ) intervals were assessed in 30 healthy obese (BMI b 27 kg/m 2 ) men and women ingesting a balanced 1120 kcal/d formula diet (23% kcal as fat and 52 g protein/d). RESULTS: Weight loss (3.9 AE 1.7 kg) over seven days had no measurable effect on the RR interval and there was a signi®cant (P 0.02) shortening of the QT interval (mean AE s.d., 0.395 AE 0.028±0.386 AE 0.027 s) and borderline signi®-cant (P 0.11) shortening of the QTc (0.411 AE 0.028±0.404 AE 0.025 s) interval. The QTc interval normalized in three subjects with prolonged baseline QTc ( b 0.44 s). A statistically signi®cant (P 0.007) reduction in systolic blood pressure early in the course of weight loss (day 2) accompanied the electrocardiographic changes. CONCLUSION: These results fail to support the development of cardiac repolarization abnormalities in obese patients who ingest a nutritionally balanced low calorie diet over seven days. A signi®cant reduction in QT interval duration and amelioration of abnormally prolonged baseline QTc intervals suggest improved cardiac repolarization with early weight loss.

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Gross Fragmentation of Cardiac Myofibrils After Therapeutic Starvation for Obesity

Cited by 118 publications

References 3 publications

Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Effect of Weight Loss

Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Effect of Weight Loss

Fasting vs dietary restriction in cellular protection and cancer treatment: from model organisms to patients

Electrocardiographic QTc interval: short-term weight loss effects

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