Gross motor skill performance in children with and without visual impairments—Research to practice

Wagner, Mat­thias; Haibach, Pamela S.; Lieberman, Lauren J.

doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2013.06.030

Cited by 87 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Lieberman and McHugh [14] have shown comparable results concerning abdominal muscle strength in visually impaired people and in their able-bodied peers. It was emphasised that among the visually impaired children in whom the locomotor system was efficient, approximately 15% were unable to bend backward in a lying position in the abdominal muscle strength test [4,17]. This proves considerable negligence in shaping physical fitness at younger school age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can explain the worse results obtained in the own research in both tests. The strength limitation of such great muscle groups will undoubtedly influence further development of physical fitness in young people with visual impairment [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their daily activity requires a lot of energy compared with healthy peers. Exercises are a preventative measure for them and give them the opportunity to improve weakened functions [14][15][16][17][18][19]. Low physical activity among disabled people is not a new phenomenon; despite this, there are very few scientists interested in the subject.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical activity as the main factor affecting body composition of the visually impaired

Olszewska¹,

Jackowiak²,

Chwałczyńska³

et al. 2018

Physiother Quart.

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Introduction. The aim of the study was to determine how physical activity affected the physical fitness and body composition of the blind and visually impaired. Methods. The study included 28 male students from the Lower Silesia Special Educational Centre No. 13 for the Blind and Visually Impaired in Wroclaw, aged 18-22 years, with disability degree certificates. The subjects were divided into two groups: physically active men (TR, n = 15) and physically inactive men (NTR, n = 13). The researchers assessed the physical activity levels in both groups with the Physical Fitness Testing of the Disabled (project Unique) battery, and the general and segmental body composition using a body composition analyser (BC-418MA).Results. Men engaging in additional forms of physical activity presented significant (p < 0.005) changes in most trials evaluating physical fitness, and there were also significant (p < 0.005) differences in body composition between active male respondents and those not involved in extracurricular exercise. Conclusions. Additional physical activity undertaken by the visually impaired has a positive effect on their physical fitness, namely and primarily on their flexibility, functional strength, speed, arm movement speed, jumping ability, and the strength of the abdominal muscles. Moreover, additional physical activity significantly affects the overall and segmental body composition in the lower limbs and the right upper limb. Key words: physical activity, body composition, physical fitness, the blind Citation: Olszewska A, Jackowiak A, Chwałczyńska A, Sobiech KA. Physical activity as the main factor affecting body composition of the visually impaired.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical activity as the main factor affecting body composition of the visually impaired

Olszewska¹,

Jackowiak²,

Chwałczyńska³

et al. 2018

Physiother Quart.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In order to compensate for the defective gait, further postural abnormalities develop, creating a vicious circle [11]. research has shown that children and adolescents with visual impairments perform more deficiently in static and dynamic activities than their peers without visual impairments [5,[12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gait adaptations after vestibular stimulation in children with congenital visual impairments: a comparative study

Tsaklis¹,

Zorzos²,

Mertyri³

2018

Hum Mov.

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Purpose. The study is based on the hypothesis that individuals with congenital total or partial loss of vision develop more effective gait adjustments compared with those who are sighted, after stimulation of the vestibular system. Therefore, they are able to manage their motor control better. The aim was to investigate the way individuals with congenital total or partial vision loss adjust their gait following vestibular stimulation, compared with sighted blindfolded individuals. Methods. The total of 10 children with congenital visual impairments constituted the experimental group and 10 children with normal vision (blindfolded with special mask) formed the control group. We performed gait analysis (forward and backward gait direction) with a three-dimensional gait analysis system. The walking speed (m/s) of each group, before and after the vestibular stimulation, during forward and backward gait, was analysed. Results. The average walking speed of the children in the experimental group, statistically, revealed no significant differences before and after the vestibular stimulation. conversely, in the control group, statistically significant differences in the mean walking speed before and after the vestibular system stimulation were found. Conclusions. children with congenital total or partial blindness may adapt their gait strategy more adequately, after vestibular stimulation, during forward and backward gait, as compared with sighted blindfolded children. consequently, the first group is in the position to manage their motor control more sufficiently.

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“…Movement is essential to overall human development (Wagner, Haibach, & Lieberman, 2013). It allows us to experience the world, as well as understand our place in it.…”

Section: Motor Competencementioning

confidence: 99%

A Mixed-Methods Analysis of the Effects of a Fundamental Motor Skills Intervention for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Colombo-Dougovito

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and pervasive repetitive behaviors (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). Further, ASD is one of the fastest rising childhood developmental disorders, affecting 1 in 68 children (Christensen et al., 2016). In addition to the hallmark charactizations of this condition is a growing body of research (Lloyd, MacDonald, & Lord, 2013;Liu, Hamilton, Davis, ElGarhy, 2014;Staples & Reid, 2010) that suggests that individuals with ASD also demonstrate delays in the development of gross motor skills. Despite mounting evidence of delay, few interventions have targeted gross motor skills as an outcome (Staples, MacDonald, Zimmer, 2012). Three recent studies (Bremer, Crozier, & Lloyd, 2016; Ketcheson, Hauck, & Ulrich, 2016), amoung others, demonstrate the increasing awareness to this issue; however, continued theory-based research is needed to builded an effective motor intervention for children with ASD.The purpose of this parallel, convergent mixed methods design study was to test the validity and effectiveness of a fundamental motor skill (FMS) intervention for children with ASD that uses dynamic systems theory (DST; Newell, 1986). The intervention was based on intentional manipulations of task constraints, hereafter referred to as task modifications, to build FMS. This study incorporated both quantitative and qualitative data to understand not only how the task modifications work to influence the motor performance of children with and without ASD, but how potential changes in motor performance, or the perception of, was understood by parents. Furthermore, this study sought to understand how the intervention effected the daily lives of the individual iv and their family.Results revealed that a motor intervention based on dynamic systems theory may: (a) significantly improve gross motor performance of children; (b) provide an effective means to build motor skills in children with ASD; and (c) allow for a high level of engagement and successful practice. Furthermore, parent interviews suggest that there are number of barriers to physical activity, as well as many benefits. Futher, results suggest that the home environment may play a role in the gain made during a school based intervention; acting as an environmental constraint. Lastly, when looking at changes in motor performance compared to themes discussed by parents, data suggest that motor skills may play a role as a mediating factor in a child's physical activity level.Additionally, the results suggest that direct changes from increases in motor performance may have delayed indirect changes in other developmental skill and in the child's life.While data suggest significant improvements, a small sample size and the heterogeneity of ASD limit the overall generalizability of the intervention. Further research is necessary to fully understand the potential of an intervention based on task modifications. Moreover, while significant finding...

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Gross motor skill performance in children with and without visual impairments—Research to practice

Cited by 87 publications

References 41 publications

Physical activity as the main factor affecting body composition of the visually impaired

Physical activity as the main factor affecting body composition of the visually impaired

Gait adaptations after vestibular stimulation in children with congenital visual impairments: a comparative study

A Mixed-Methods Analysis of the Effects of a Fundamental Motor Skills Intervention for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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