Ground-Based Magnetic Surveys as a New Technique to Locate Subsurface Drainage Pipes: A Case Study

Rogers, Michael; Cassidy, James Richard; Dragila, M. I.

doi:10.13031/2013.18461

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…They are represented in yellow, red, and ash colours for the two study areas. The magnetic lows, ranging from -124.3nT to -200nT and -240nT to 300nT for both surveyed areas, are highlighted as light blue to dark blue in the geological interface (M. B. Rogers et al, 2005) [16] . The magnetic lows predominate in the western region of both survey areas.…”

Section: Results For Vertical Electrical Soundingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Examining tunnel erosion using vertical electrical sounding and ground magnetic geophysical techniques in Awka, Nigeria

IU,

2023

Int. J. Geogr. Geol. Environ.

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The present study investigates the nature and characteristics of soil piping using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and Magnetic geophysical techniques at Awka, Nigeria. The VES survey was conducted using a Pasi resistivity meter, while the ground magnetic survey was carried out using a proton precision magnetometer. The VES survey revealed two to five distinct geo-electrical sections and fourteen characteristically sounding curves, which indicate vertical changes in the subsurface. The findings illustrate that the weathered soil in proximity to the surface of the study area has the best soil formations that encourage soil pipe development. Moreover, the iso-resistivity 2D maps demonstrate that the soil pipes describe a direction in the NW-SE, which is consistent with the stress direction, fluid migration paths, and sloppy terrains of the study area. The results of the ground magnetic survey were obtained using a diurnal corrected anomaly technique generated from the field. This finding suggests that low magnetic susceptibility, ranging from -124.4 to -300nT, has accumulated in the subsurface, primarily in the south-western region, where most of the soil pipes are located in the surveyed areas.

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Section: Results For Vertical Electrical Soundingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Examining tunnel erosion using vertical electrical sounding and ground magnetic geophysical techniques in Awka, Nigeria

IU,

2023

Int. J. Geogr. Geol. Environ.

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“…Subsurface drainage provides many agronomic, economic, and environmental benefits by lowering the water table enhancing plant productivity, and improving the trafficability and timeliness of field operations thereby increasing the crop yields [3,4]. However, the excessive leaching of nutrients and pesticides through the percolation of solutes through the root zone to drainage pipes is a potential risk for eutrophication and contamination of the surface water bodies [5][6][7]. In Denmark, considerable attention is being directed towards the role of drainage systems in the transport and leaching of nutrients and pesticides to the aquatic environment [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, dysfunctional drain pipes need to be accurately located for the farmers to get them repaired [16,17]. Old drainage systems often stay in place, even if no longer used or dysfunctional, as it is neither economical nor practical to remove them [5]. Figure 1 shows the typical patterns followed for subsurface drainage installations, yet, the drainage documentation is often lacking or outdated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping of Agricultural Subsurface Drainage Systems Using a Frequency-Domain Ground Penetrating Radar and Evaluating Its Performance Using a Single-Frequency Multi-Receiver Electromagnetic Induction Instrument

Koganti

Vijver

Allred³

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Subsurface drainage systems are commonly used to remove surplus water from the soil profile of a poorly drained farmland. Traditional methods for drainage mapping involve the use of tile probes and trenching equipment that are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and invasive, thereby entailing an inherent risk of damaging the drainpipes. Effective and efficient methods are needed in order to map the buried drain lines: (1) to comprehend the processes of leaching and offsite release of nutrients and pesticides and (2) for the installation of a new set of drain lines between the old ones to enhance the soil water removal. Non-invasive geophysical soil sensors provide a potential alternative solution. Previous research has mainly showcased the use of time-domain ground penetrating radar, with variable success, depending on local soil and hydrological conditions and the central frequency of the specific equipment used. The objectives of this study were: (1) to test the use of a stepped-frequency continuous wave three-dimensional ground penetrating radar (3D-GPR) with a wide antenna array for subsurface drainage mapping and (2) to evaluate its performance with the use of a single-frequency multi-receiver electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensor in-combination. This sensor combination was evaluated on twelve different study sites with various soil types with textures ranging from sand to clay till. While the 3D-GPR showed a high success rate in finding the drainpipes at five sites (sandy, sandy loam, loamy sand, and organic topsoils), the results at the other seven sites were less successful due to the limited penetration depth of the 3D-GPR signal. The results suggest that the electrical conductivity estimates produced by the inversion of apparent electrical conductivity data measured by the EMI sensor could be a useful proxy for explaining the success achieved by the 3D-GPR in finding the drain lines.

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Advancing process‐based watershed hydrological research using near‐surface geophysics: a vision for, and review of, electrical and magnetic geophysical methods

Robinson

Binley

Crook

et al. 2008

Hydrological Processes

248

169

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Abstract:We want to develop a dialogue between geophysicists and hydrologists interested in synergistically advancing process based watershed research. We identify recent advances in geophysical instrumentation, and provide a vision for the use of electrical and magnetic geophysical instrumentation in watershed scale hydrology. The focus of the paper is to identify instrumentation that could significantly advance this vision for geophysics and hydrology during the next 3-5 years. We acknowledge that this is one of a number of possible ways forward and seek only to offer a relatively narrow and achievable vision. The vision focuses on the measurement of geological structure and identification of flow paths using electrical and magnetic methods. The paper identifies instruments, provides examples of their use, and describes how synergy between measurement and modelling could be achieved. Of specific interest are the airborne systems that can cover large areas and are appropriate for watershed studies. Although airborne geophysics has been around for some time, only in the last few years have systems designed exclusively for hydrological applications begun to emerge. These systems, such as airborne electromagnetic (EM) and transient electromagnetic (TEM), could revolutionize hydrogeological interpretations. Our vision centers on developing nested and cross scale electrical and magnetic measurements that can be used to construct a three-dimensional (3D) electrical or magnetic model of the subsurface in watersheds. The methodological framework assumes a 'top down' approach using airborne methods to identify the large scale, dominant architecture of the subsurface. We recognize that the integration of geophysical measurement methods, and data, into watershed process characterization and modelling can only be achieved through dialogue. Especially, through the development of partnerships between geophysicists and hydrologists, partnerships that explore how the application of geophysics can answer critical hydrological science questions, and conversely provide an understanding of the limitations of geophysical measurements and interpretation.

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Ground-Based Magnetic Surveys as a New Technique to Locate Subsurface Drainage Pipes: A Case Study

Abstract: ABSTRACT. Identifying the existence and orientation of buried drainage systems is necessary to

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Examining tunnel erosion using vertical electrical sounding and ground magnetic geophysical techniques in Awka, Nigeria

Examining tunnel erosion using vertical electrical sounding and ground magnetic geophysical techniques in Awka, Nigeria

Mapping of Agricultural Subsurface Drainage Systems Using a Frequency-Domain Ground Penetrating Radar and Evaluating Its Performance Using a Single-Frequency Multi-Receiver Electromagnetic Induction Instrument

Advancing process‐based watershed hydrological research using near‐surface geophysics: a vision for, and review of, electrical and magnetic geophysical methods

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