Ground effect on rotorcraft unmanned aerial vehicles: a review

Matus-Vargas, Antonio; Gómez, Gustavo Rodríguez; Martínez-Carranza, José

doi:10.1007/s11370-020-00344-5

Cited by 49 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The literature is sufficiently populated with efforts to model ceiling and ground effects [3], [4], [5], [6], but there is a clear gap in formulating control algorithms to tackle these effects in a combined fashion. Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (MPC) [7] has been used for navigation and obstacle avoidance of UAVs for real-time utilities.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) Ground Effect: When a UAV flies over a horizontal surface, ground effects (GE) occur. GE is an aerodynamic effect that has been studied extensively and seen to push UAVs away from the ground [4], [5]. The theoretical model of GE presented by Cheeseman and Bennet [16] is a widely accepted thurst ratio approximation of GE as given in (9).…”

Section: Aerodynamic Ceiling Ground and Wall Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control Barrier Function-based Predictive Control for Close Proximity operation of UAVs inside a Tunnel

Mundheda¹,

K²,

Kandath³

2023

Preprint

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This paper introduces a method for effectively controlling the movement of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) within a tunnel. The primary challenge of this problem lies in the UAV's exposure to nonlinear distance-dependent torques and forces generated by the tunnel walls, along with the need to operate safely within a defined region while in close proximity to these walls. To address this problem, the paper proposes the implementation of a Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework with constraints based on Control Barrier Function (CBF). The paper approaches the issue in two distinct ways; first, by maintaining a safe distance from the tunnel walls to avoid the effects of both the walls and ceiling, and second, by minimizing the distance from the walls to effectively manage the nonlinear forces associated with close proximity tasks. Finally, the paper demonstrates the effectiveness of its approach through testing on simulation for various close proximity trajectories with the realistic model of aerodynamic disturbances due to the proximity of the ceiling and boundary walls.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aerodynamic Ceiling Ground and Wall Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control Barrier Function-based Predictive Control for Close Proximity operation of UAVs inside a Tunnel

Mundheda¹,

K²,

Kandath³

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When the UAV flies near to the ground, P g > P a , meaning there will be a cushioning effect on the UAVs. This ground effect depends on several factors such as wingspan, chord length, angle of attack, flying speed, and wing loading factor [48]. Normally, research has been done based on the on-ground battery-swapping mechanisms.…”

Section: Ground and Ceiling Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverted Docking Station: A Conceptual Design for a Battery-Swapping Platform for Quadrotor UAVs

Silva

Phlernjai

Rianmora

et al. 2022

Drones

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“Flight Time” and the “Scope of the mission” play major roles in using UAVs as they affect most industrial activities. Once the battery has depleted, the UAV has to land on the ground and human interaction is needed to change the battery with a fully charged one. Nowadays, several automatic battery swapping systems are catching interest in research. This research presents the novel concept of an Inverted Docking Station that allows a quadrotor UAV to attach to the ceiling during the automatic battery-swapping process. The proposed design consist of a docking station, a positioning system and gripper mechanisms. The proposed design allows the quadrotor to carry the load under the quadrotor and remain attached throughout the servicing period. A mathematical model and design guideline have been proposed, and a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was performed to check that the developed platform is strong enough to withstand the above task. A `DJI TELLO’ small-scale quadrotor was chosen as a case study to demonstrate the proposed research. Finally the advantages and the limitations of the system are discussed.

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“…The stability of take-off and landing is always a barrier for flight control systems [121]. When the ground effect occurs, the airflow obstructed by the ground generates aerodynamic interference and influences the normal airflow [122]. Modeling the near-ground air fluid is a complex task because the arguments in the model are massive and suffer from the curse of dimensionality [123]- [125].…”

Section: Intelligent Control Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent Amphibious Ground-Aerial Vehicles: State of the Art Technology for Future Transportation

Zhang¹,

Huang²,

Huang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Amphibious ground-aerial vehicles fuse flying and driving modes to enable more flexible air-land mobility and have received growing attention recently. By analyzing the existing amphibious vehicles, we highlight the autonomous fly-driving functionality for the effective uses of amphibious vehicles in complex three-dimensional urban transportation systems. We review and summarize the key enabling technologies for intelligent flying-driving in existing amphibious vehicle designs, identify major technological barriers and propose potential solutions for future research and innovation. This paper aims to serve as a guide for research and development of intelligent amphibious vehicles for urban transportation toward the future.

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Ground effect on rotorcraft unmanned aerial vehicles: a review

Cited by 49 publications

References 61 publications

Control Barrier Function-based Predictive Control for Close Proximity operation of UAVs inside a Tunnel

Control Barrier Function-based Predictive Control for Close Proximity operation of UAVs inside a Tunnel

Inverted Docking Station: A Conceptual Design for a Battery-Swapping Platform for Quadrotor UAVs

Intelligent Amphibious Ground-Aerial Vehicles: State of the Art Technology for Future Transportation

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