Ground level measurements of the summer tropospheric aerosol in Northern Greenland

Flyger, H.; Heidam, Niels Z.

doi:10.1016/0021-8502(78)90075-7

Cited by 41 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, during the course of the experiment a number of observations were made which can be used as evidence: 1. The general level of the total particle concentration was in good agreement with results from other arctic measurements (Flyger et al 1978) and with our understanding of the global background values 2. Even in periods of several days with strong winds from W-NW excluding any possibility of indirect local influence, the particle concentrations did not sink below the general level 3.…”

Section: Location and The Problem Of Local Contaminationsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In earlier studies the seasonal variation of sulfur and vanadium in the arctic aerosol was reported. The summer results by Flyger et al (1978) in northern Greenland (82.15ON, 29.88" W) can be used to give a rough idea about winter-summer variations for a large number of elements. The late winter Spitsbergen data are typically one order of magnitude higher than the summer Greenland data.…”

Section: On Spitsbergenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A knowledge of the arctic air chemistry is needed for more quantitative modelling of trace substances in the Arctic. There have been a number of field studies mainly in Alaska (Rahn, 1971) and Greenland (Flyger et al, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The chemical composition of arctic haze at Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen

Heintzenberg

Hansson²,

Lannefors³

1981

Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography

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Samples of arctic haze particles were collected at Ny-Alesund, Spitsbergen (12O E, 79O N) during late winter 1979. The filter samples were analysed wet chemically and by particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE). The concentrations of 17 major ions and metals were determined and compared to previous results of arctic and antarctic research. Simultaneous measurements of the aerosol size distribution were used to check the consistency of the results. Both the chemical composition and the size distribution data support the hypothesis that the arctic winter aerosol is heavily influenced by a well-aged continental aerosol originating in midlatitude anthropogenic source areas.

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Section: Location and The Problem Of Local Contaminationsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: On Spitsbergenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The chemical composition of arctic haze at Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen

Heintzenberg

Hansson²,

Lannefors³

1981

Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography

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“…Only values reported from Enewetak (Duce et al, 1983;Settle and Patterson, 1982) and Greenland (Davidson et al, 1981;Flyger and Heidam, 1978) are comparable or lower to those reported for Torres del Paine. The enrichment factor of 46 also indicates that lead is enriched relative to local crustal sources.…”

Section: Mean Median Observationssupporting

confidence: 63%

Atmospheric trace element sampling at Torres del Paine national park, Chile

Wiersma

White

Bruns

et al. 1995

Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry

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Atmospheric particulate samples were collected from 1985 through 1991 at a remote site in Torres del Paine National Park, Chile. High-volume air monitors were used to collect these samples on polycarbonate membrane filters. The filters were then analyzed for trace elements including metals such as aluminum, copper, cadmium, lead, and zinc. The results indicate that atmospheric concentrations of metals at Torres del Paine are comparable or lower than those measured at other remote locations worldwide. Enrichment factors were calculated for each metal to compare the relative concentrations of these metals in the atmosphere to that of the soil. These enrichment factors indicate that despite the very low atmospheric levels observed to date at Torres del Paine, cadmium, lead and copper appear enriched in the atmosphere.

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“…Although our data are limited to a three-week observation period in one year, they are supported by the work of Flyger et al, (1973Flyger et al, ( , 1976, who found surprisingly high aerosol number concentrations over Greenland in July 1971and August 1973, by Ottar et al (1986 and Pacyna and Ottar (1985), who presented both airborne and surface measurements of modest haze episodes in the Norwegian Arctic in summer, and by Raatz (1984) who noted the existence of summertime hazes aloft as reported by the "Ptarmigan" weather reconnaissance flights over the Alaskan Arctic (Mitchell, 1957). Several authors, including Flyger and Heidam (1978) and Lannefors et al (1983), have reported brief incursions of light hazes into the Arctic at the surface in summer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arctic hazes in summer over Greenland and the North American Arctic. I: Incidence and origins

et al. 1989

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Airborne observations during August 1985 over Greenland and the North American Arctic revealed that dense, discrete haze layers were common above 850 mb. No such hazes were found near the surface in areas remote from local sources of particles. The haze layers aloft were characterized by large light-scattering coefficients due to dry particles (maximum value 1.24 x 10-4 m-'I) and relatively high total particle concentrations (maximum value 3100 cm-3). Sulfate was the dominant ionic component of the aerosol (0.06 -1.9 ktg m-3); carbon soot was also present. Evidence for relatively fresh aerosols, accompanied by NO2 and 03 depletion, was found near, but not within, the haze layers. The hazes probably derived from anthropogenic sources and/or biomass burning at midlatitudes.It is hypothesized that the scavenging of particles by stratus clouds plays an important role in reducing the frequency and intensity of hazes at the surface in the Arctic in summer. Since the detection of haze layers aloft through measurements of columnintegrated parameters from the surface (e.g., by lidar) cannot be carded out reliably when clouds are present, such measurements have likely underestimated the occurrence of haze layers in the Arctic, particularly in summer.KEY WORDS. Arctic haze, pollution in the Arctic, long-range transport of pollutants, cloud scavenging.

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Ground level measurements of the summer tropospheric aerosol in Northern Greenland

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

The chemical composition of arctic haze at Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen

The chemical composition of arctic haze at Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen

Atmospheric trace element sampling at Torres del Paine national park, Chile

Arctic hazes in summer over Greenland and the North American Arctic. I: Incidence and origins

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