Ground penetrating radar facies of the paraglacial Cheekye Fan, southwestern British Columbia, Canada

Ékes, Csaba; Hickin, Edward J.

doi:10.1016/s0037-0738(01)00059-8

Cited by 53 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There are many other factors that can disturb the GPR imaging and limit the depth range of measurements (e.g., rough surface of the studied area, dense vegetation cover, surface and subsurface infrastructure; Bano et al 2000;Neal 2004). Electrical inhomogeneities are usually caused by water content, dissolved minerals, and clay content in the studied deposits (Wright 1984 in Ekes andHickin 2001). In the case of alluvial deposits, the diffractions caused by a lateral truncation of various heterogeneities can disturb the image of alluvial structures (Vanderberghe and van Overmeeren 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Reconstructing migration phases of meandering channels by means of ground-penetrating radar (GPR): the case of the Obra River, Poland

Słowik

2011

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose The main goal of the study was to compare the potential of conventional and geophysical methods (ground-penetrating radar; GPR) to reconstruct the migration phases of a meandering lowland riverbed: the Obra River in western Poland. The purpose was to verify that the migration phases can be distinguished using the GPR measurement providing near-continuous imaging of alluvial structures and to discuss differences between the spatial extent of the migration phases distinguished using geologic data and GPR surveys. Materials and methods Historical maps from the eighteenth and the nineteenth century were analyzed to study transformations of the Obra River bed pattern. One hundred twenty tube sample borings were undertaken along five profiles to recognize the floodplain lithology. Granulation coefficients were determined using the method of moments to distinguish lithofacies of the alluvial deposits. The GPR measurement was performed using a georadar MALA ProEx equipped with shielded 100 and 250 MHz antennae. The GPR images were compared to geologic profiles to determine the depth scale and accuracy of the measurements. The depth scale of the GPR images was determined on the basis of the correlation of the radar reflections with the geologic profiles. Ten organic sediment samples were collected to determine the age of the migration phases.Results and discussion Point bars with layering of sand deposits, organic sediment fills, erosion surfaces, and gravel beds were distinguished using the 250 MHz antenna. However, some of sedimentary structures (e.g., inserts of fine sands in the organic deposits) were beyond the detection range of the antennae. The glacial/alluvial sediment interface was detected using the 100 MHz antenna which enabled the determination of the thickness of the alluvial fill. Traces of a period of early development of the Obra valley and three migration phases of the Obra River bed were distinguished. The research indicated that the Obra was a meandering river at least 7,000 years before present and that during the last 3,000 years, channel islands were formed within the studied section of the valley. Conclusions The GPR method allowed for the analysis of the spatial variability of alluvial deposits and helped to describe how meander bends were formed. The presented GPR images illustrate the spatial extent of the migration phases in a more detailed way than using only sedimentary information. However, geologic data are necessary for interpretation of the GPR images. It was shown that the GPR method gives useful results in spite of rough land surface and dense vegetation.

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Reconstructing migration phases of meandering channels by means of ground-penetrating radar (GPR): the case of the Obra River, Poland

Słowik

2011

J Soils Sediments

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“…Many authors (e.g. Asprion and Aigner 1999;Huisink 2000;Ekes and Hickin 2001) interpreted such signal as vertically accreted bed-load sheets or stratified sheetflood deposits. The horizontal reflectors appearing in the top part of Section 9 (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bristow et al (1999) and Skelly et al (2003) studied the lower course of the Niobrara River where an intensive aggradation process occurred due to the construction of a water dam and the rise of the level base. An anthropogenic alteration of sediment structures was also presented by the GPR surveys conducted by Jol and Smith (1995) and Ekes and Hickin (2001). Babek et al (2008) used GPR measurement to retrace a fragment of a meandering channel transformed into an artificial canal (the Morava River, the Czech Republik).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GPR and aerial imageries to identify the recent historical course of the Obra River and spatial extent of Obrzańskie Lake, altered by hydro-technical works

Słowik

2013

Environ Earth Sci

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Ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements have been conducted to retrace the natural course of the Obra River and changes of spatial extent of Obrzańskie Lake (western Poland). The Obra River valley was subjected to intensive anthropogenic transformation. Three artificial canals were constructed here in the beginning of the nineteenth century. The GPR surveys were done using a georadar MALA ProEx equipped with 250 MHz antenna. The measurement was verified by coring and analyses of historical maps, aerial photographs, and satellite images. The research has shown that there are at least three elongated depressions preserved in the modern land surface near the village of Solec, situated in the middle course of the valley. Several structures suggesting functioning of a multi-channel pattern in the past have been detected inside and in the vicinity of the depressions. Filling the channels with silts and peats might have been the effect of flow deceleration caused by the construction of the Obra Canals. Moreover, situation of two of the retraced depressions suggests that the landforms might be the remains of a river bed disappearing in wetlands. Further studies including groundwater flux measurements in the area between the depressions are needed to confirm such hypothesis. Furthermore, the study allowed retracing the spatial extent of Obrzańskie Lake. The sediment structures detected by the GPR measurements and calibrated with coring were interpreted to be the traces of the lake shoreline. The interpretation was supported by the findings inferred from aerial and satellite images. It was shown that Obrzańskie Lake had had at least three islands and had been directly connected with a network of braided channels before the anthropogenic intervention. The spatial extent of the lake was significantly altered by the construction of the North Obra Canal. Disconnecting the lake from the Canal resulted in more than 50 % decrease of the lake surface.

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“…Interpretation of the georadar facies with respect to sedimentary processes and architectural elements has been based on, apart from the afore-mentioned works, the contributions of [23,25,26,38,39].…”

Section: Gpr Facies and Facies Architecture: Environmental Interpretamentioning

confidence: 99%

From the Geomorphic Process to Basin Architecture: Anatomy of the Infill of an Alluvial-Lacustrine System in Southern Spain

Calvache¹,

Fernández²,

García‐García³

et al. 2014

TOGEOJ

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Abstract:The heavy rains in the winter of [2009][2010] in Spain activated all the sediment-feeder systems of a small reservoir built in the 1970s north of the Sierra de Almijara (province of Granada). The intensity of this activity has aided in recognizing a series of geomorphic features allowing the re-interpretation of previous data on the subsoil obtained from Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and sedimentological analysis involving the study of a series of shallow trenches dug in various parts of the basin.The unequal influence of three feeder systems in the process of silting up this small artificial lake has been noted. The main contributor is the longitudinal axial drainage system, which is building up a huge delta whose progradation and aggradation dynamics are strongly influenced by the obstruction of a transverse delta fan on a highly erodible source area comprising Tertiary detrital sediments. Far less important in the construction of the stratigraphic architecture are the transverse fans lying against the Palaeozoic to Triassic metamorphic basement.The most notable geomorphological change over the last 35 years has been in the longitudinal axial system. Over a period of only eight years (1977)(1978)(1979)(1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984), it morphed from a coarse-grained braided fluvial system with a single channel in which longitudinal bars and thalwegs constantly changed position with every flood to a multichannel anastomosed system characterized by interwoven narrow, sinuous channels. Many of these channels are only covered during floods, and they are separated by heavily vegetated islands that act as traps for the overbank deposits.The difference in soil uses in the different parts of the basin also plays an important role, causing the progradation rate of the deltas to range widely, from 0 all the way to 100 m yr -1 .This study reveals that in countries of the Mediterranean region torrential rains, the scanty vegetation cover, and the alteration of the longitudinal profile of dammed rivers interact causing extreme siltation of reservoirs. Under these situations it is extremely important to study the dynamics of mass movement in the parts of the basin with different lithology to carry out effective plans of management of the reservoir and to minimize the possibility of environmental and economic negative impacts.

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Ground penetrating radar facies of the paraglacial Cheekye Fan, southwestern British Columbia, Canada

Cited by 53 publications

References 19 publications

Reconstructing migration phases of meandering channels by means of ground-penetrating radar (GPR): the case of the Obra River, Poland

Reconstructing migration phases of meandering channels by means of ground-penetrating radar (GPR): the case of the Obra River, Poland

GPR and aerial imageries to identify the recent historical course of the Obra River and spatial extent of Obrzańskie Lake, altered by hydro-technical works

From the Geomorphic Process to Basin Architecture: Anatomy of the Infill of an Alluvial-Lacustrine System in Southern Spain

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