Ground radiometric survey for assessment of environmental radioactivity in a fertilized farmland: a case history in southwestern Nigeria

Abstract

Soils in their natural state contain radionuclides and heavy metals at different concentrations which may be increased by the use of fertilizers. When the concentrations of radionuclides and in soils are higher in value than the recommended limits, this may pose health concern. In this study, absorbed dose rate was measured in-situ at thirty-five station points in the farmland using a caesium Iodide-based GammaRAE II R full range dosimeter held at gonald height above the surface. Results of the in-situ absorbed dose rate in air are presented and the potential risks to the farmers and near-by residents are equally assessed. The results revealed that the measured absorbed dose rate (ADRA) in the farm is high which is likely to be connected to the use of fertilizer in the farmland. It is highly recommended that the management of the farm should reduce the use of fertilizer but rather use natural organic manure that is less toxic. Also, a routine check on environmental radioactivity of the farmland should be done regularly for adequate monitoring.

Quantitative evaluation of landscape architecture environmental benefits based on multi-criteria decision-making

“…Through multi-criteria decision-making method, a comprehensive benefit evaluation model can be built to accurately evaluate the garden benefits (Kwinta et al, 2018). This method can convert the evaluation scheme in different dimensional indicators into dimensionless evaluation, and can better solve the complex evaluation problems (Ekhaguere et al, 2019). Multi-criteria decision-making includes limited and unlimited decision-making schemes, which represent multi-objective and multi-attribute decision-making respectively.…”

“…The detailed content of multi-criteria decision-making is shown in Figure 1. Compared with other methods, multi-criteria decision-making has the following advantages: important project indicators can be clearly formulated, combined with actual conditions to evaluate the relative value, and help decision-makers make scientific and reasonable analysis; adapt to the evaluation of complex issues, making indicators more difficult; Multi-criteria decision-making can group the evaluation indicators to solve the contradiction between different goals in the order of logical relations (Feo et al, 2018).…”