Ground-water hydrology of strip-mine areas in eastern Ohio (conditions during mining of two watersheds in Coshocton and Muskingum counties)

Helgesen, J.O.; Razem, A.C.

doi:10.3133/ofr81913

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The last digit refers to the aquifer in which the well was completed, with "1" representing the upper aquifer and "2" the middle aquifer. The observation-well network and details of well construction are addressed in reports by the U.S. Bureau of Mines (1978), Razem (1981), andRazem (1984). All wells completed into the middle aquifer were cased through the upper aquifer and into the clay layer.…”

Section: Description Of the Study Watershedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous studies, ground-water samples were collected from wells in the upper, middle, and deep saturated zones. These data were collected from July 1976 through November 1977 (Helgesen and Razem, 1981). Premining data for watershed M09 are limited, as only two samples were analyzed for each well before mining began in 1977.…”

Section: Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The water in the premined upper aquifer in watershed M09 was classified as a calcium magnesium bicarbonate type (Helgesen and Razem, 1981). The changes in median water type from premining to postmining for this study are shown in the trilinear diagram in figure 12.…”

Section: Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies in eastern Ohio by the U.S. Geo ogical Survey (USGS), the U.S. Bureau of Mines, the Ohio Agricultural Research arid Development Center, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural'Research Service, have described the premining and early postmining ground-water hydrology of small watersheds. Helgesen and Razem (1981) determined the hydrologic conditions during mining of one watershed in both Coshocton and Muskingum Counties. Razem (1984) and Hren (1986) studied the changes in ground-water hydrology and quality of a small watershed in Jefferson County.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 coal was mined at watershed M09 beginning in January 1977. The watershed was reclaimed by August 1978 (Helgesen and Razem, 1981). Ground-water levels and ground-water-quality data available for water- shed M09 were collected from March 1976through April 1983 coal was mined at watershed Jl 1 from May 1980 through October 1980 (Hren, 1986).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Long-term effects of surface coal mining on ground-water levels and quality in two small watersheds in eastern Ohio

Cunningham¹,

Jones²

1990

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction 2 Purpose and scope 4 Acknowledgments 4 Methods of study 4 Description of the study watersheds 5 Long-term effects of surface mining 11 Watershed M09 11 Ground-water levels 11 Water quality 17 Watershed 111 34 Ground-water levels 34 Water quality 43 Summary and conclusions 58 References cited 60 Supplemental data 68 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1. Map showing location of the study watersheds 3 2. Stratigraphic column and schematic cross section for watershed M09 6 3. Stratigraphic column and schematic cross section for watershed 111 7 4-5. Maps showing locations of observation wells, seeps, and streams: 4. Watershed M09 8 5. Watershed 111 10 6. Map showing generalized ground-water flow at watershed M09 12 7-8. Hydrographs showing water levels of selected wells at watershed MO9: 7. Upper aquifer 13 8. Middle aquifer 14 9-10. Hydrographs showing vertical gradient between wells at watershed M09: 9. P8-landP9-2 15 10. P6-landP7-2 16 in ILLUSTRATIONS Continued 11. Hydrograph showing increase in water-level fluctuation after mining in well W5-2, Watershed MO9 18 12-24. Graphs showing water-quality characteristics at watershed M09: 12-18. Upper aquifer: 12. Trilinear diagram 20 13. Explanation of box plot diagrams 22 14. pH, time series, and box plot 23 15. Dissolved-solids concentration, time series, and box plot 24 16. Sulfate concentration, time series, and box plot 25 17. Iron concentration, time series, and box plot 26 18. Manganese concentration, time Series, and box plot 28 19-24. Middle aquifer: 19. Trilinear diagram 29 20. pH, time series, and box plot 30 21. Dissolved-solids concentration, time series, and box plot 31 22. Sulfate concentration, time series, and box plot 32 23. Iron concentration, time series, and box plot 33 24. Manganese concentration, time series, and boxplot 35 25. Selected water-quality characteristics in upper aquifer, seep, and stream 36 26. Map showing generalized ground-water flow at watershed 111 37 27-28. Hydrographs showing water levels of selected wells at watershed 111: 27. Upper aquifer 38 28. Middle aquifer 40 29. Hydrographs showing vertical gradient between wells W6-1 and W7-2 at watershed Jl 1 41 30. Hydrographs showing aquifer response to precipitation at watershed 111 42 31-41. Graphs showing water-quality characteristics at watershed Jl 1: 31-36. Upper aquifer: 31. Trilinear diagram 44 32. pH, time series, and box plot 45 33. Dissolved-solids concentration, time series, and box plot 47 34. Sulfate concentration, time series, and box plot 48 35. Iron concentration, time series, and box plot 49 36. Manganese concentration, time series, and box plot 50 IV VI

show abstract

Section: Description Of the Study Watershedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Long-term effects of surface coal mining on ground-water levels and quality in two small watersheds in eastern Ohio

Cunningham¹,

Jones²

1990

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Simulation of Ground‐Water Flow in a Mined Watershed in Eastern Ohio^a

Weiss

Razem

1984

Groundwater

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 43‐acre watershed in Muskingum County, Ohio, was studied to determine the hydrologic consequences of strip mining for coal. A quantitative description of the effects on the ground‐water flow components of the hydrologic system has been obtained using digital models. The premining watershed was characterized by nearly flat‐lying sedimentary rocks of the Pennsylvanian System. Underclay beneath the two major coal beds formed bases for perched zones, creating three separate aquifers. Recharge to the ground‐water system occurred mainly by percolation of precipitation. Most of the discharge from the top and middle aquifers occurred by downward leakage to the underlying aquifers. A smaller amount of discharge occurred as springflow or streamflow near the intersections of the underclays and land surface. Mining has destroyed the top aquifer, and has replaced the bedrock by spoil material. Water levels in the spoils are at a much lower altitude than existed in the premining top aquifer because of a combination of (1) a larger hydraulic conductivity, (2) areal variations of the hydraulic characteristics of the confining bed, and (3) a slower rate of recharge from precipitation caused by removal of vegetation and soil compaction. Covering of previously exposed portions of the middle aquifer and a lower hydraulic head in the spoils has allowed less recharge to the middle aquifer. Additional flow is induced across the western boundary of the watershed and has reduced the outflow across the eastern boundary. Discharge from the middle aquifer as downward leakage and streamflow is less than before mining.

show abstract

IMPACT OF SURFACE COAL MINING ON THREE OHIO WATERSHEDS –PHYSICAL CONDITIONS AND GROUND‐WATER HYDROLOGY¹

Bonta¹,

Amerman²,

Dick³

et al. 1992

J American Water Resour Assoc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A study was conducted over a six-year period in East-Central Ohio to determine the effects of surface mining and reclamation on physical watershed conditions and on ground-water hydrology in three ground-water zones in three small experimental watersheds. Mining disturbances in watersheds adjacent to the experimental sites affected ground-water levels in the undisturbed experimental watersheds prior to actual mining in the experimental sites. New subsurface flow paths, with different characteristics, formed during mining and reclamation. At all three sites mining dewatered the saturated zone above the underclay of the mined coal seam. Mining and reclamation affected ground-water levels below the mined coal seam in the middle and lower zones within at least two sites. Ground-water level recovery in the mined upper saturated zone was slow and irregular both temporally and spatially after reclamation. Hydraulic conductivities of postmining (Phase 3) spoil were generally greater than those of Phase 1 bedrock, but wide spatial variability was observed. Modelers need to be aware of the complexities of new flow paths and physical characteristics of subsurface flow media that are introduced by mining and reclamation, including destruction of the upper-zone clay. (KEY TERMS: baseflow; water levels; water chemistry; spring flow; spoil; disturbed land; hydraulic conductivity; regulations.) 1Paper No. 91054 of the Water Resources Bulletin. Discussions are open until February 1, 1993. 2Respectively, Research Hydraulic Engineer, USDA-ARS,

show abstract

Ground-water hydrology of strip-mine areas in eastern Ohio (conditions during mining of two watersheds in Coshocton and Muskingum counties)

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Long-term effects of surface coal mining on ground-water levels and quality in two small watersheds in eastern Ohio

Long-term effects of surface coal mining on ground-water levels and quality in two small watersheds in eastern Ohio

Simulation of Ground‐Water Flow in a Mined Watershed in Eastern Ohio^a

IMPACT OF SURFACE COAL MINING ON THREE OHIO WATERSHEDS –PHYSICAL CONDITIONS AND GROUND‐WATER HYDROLOGY¹

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Ground-water hydrology of strip-mine areas in eastern Ohio (conditions during mining of two watersheds in Coshocton and Muskingum counties)

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Long-term effects of surface coal mining on ground-water levels and quality in two small watersheds in eastern Ohio

Long-term effects of surface coal mining on ground-water levels and quality in two small watersheds in eastern Ohio

Simulation of Ground‐Water Flow in a Mined Watershed in Eastern Ohioa

IMPACT OF SURFACE COAL MINING ON THREE OHIO WATERSHEDS –PHYSICAL CONDITIONS AND GROUND‐WATER HYDROLOGY1

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Simulation of Ground‐Water Flow in a Mined Watershed in Eastern Ohio^a

IMPACT OF SURFACE COAL MINING ON THREE OHIO WATERSHEDS –PHYSICAL CONDITIONS AND GROUND‐WATER HYDROLOGY¹