Grounded ethical analysis

McMillan, John

doi:10.1136/medethics-2018-105272

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…While empirical methods have support as a good way of grounding ethics, it is also important for ethical analysis to be grounded in the facts and reality of a situation [13]. We conducted a qualitative study to explore the experiences of family members in England and Wales who have acted as a research proxy [14], using a multiple-analytic approach to examine the data through multiple lenses.…”

Section: Developing a More Empirically Grounded Accountmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing authentic decisions: proxy decision making for research involving adults who lack capacity to consent

et al. 2020

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Research involving adults who lack capacity to consent relies on proxy (or surrogate) decision making. Proxy decisions about participation are ethically complex, with a disparity between normative accounts and empirical evidence. Concerns about the accuracy of proxies’ decisions arise, in part, from the lack of an ethical framework which takes account of the complex and morally pluralistic world in which proxy decisions are situated. This qualitative study explored the experiences of family members who have acted as a research proxy in order to develop an understanding of the ethical concepts involved, and the interactions between those concepts. Proxies described a complex process of respecting the wishes and preferences of the person they represented, whist integrating preferences with what they viewed as being in the interests of the person. They aimed to make a decision that was ‘best’ for the person and protected them from harm; they also aimed to make the ‘right’ decision, viewed as being authentic to the person’s values and life. Decisions were underpinned by the relationship between the person and their proxy, in which both trust and trustworthiness were key. Proxies’ decisions, based both on respect for the person and the need to protect their interests, arose out of their dual role as both proxy and carer. The findings raise questions about accounts which rely on existing normative assumptions with a focus on accuracy and discrepancy, and which fail to take account of the requirement for proxies to make authentic decisions that arise out of their caring obligations.

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Section: Developing a More Empirically Grounded Accountmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing authentic decisions: proxy decision making for research involving adults who lack capacity to consent

et al. 2020

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“…[25] Ethical considerations and governance, contemporary literature increasingly highlights ethical implications and the need for governance frameworks in AI applications, especially to safeguard data privacy and ensure responsible AI usage in sensitive fields like healthcare. [26][27][28][29] These advancements underscore AI transformative role across scientific disciplines, presenting both immense potential and new challenges in research methodology and ethics.…”

Section: Application Of Ai Technology In Scientific Research and Its ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Research integrity in the era of artificial intelligence: Challenges and responses

Chen,

Yang

et al. 2024

Medicine

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The application of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in scientific research has significantly enhanced efficiency and accuracy but also introduced new forms of academic misconduct, such as data fabrication and text plagiarism using AI algorithms. These practices jeopardize research integrity and can mislead scientific directions. This study addresses these challenges, underscoring the need for the academic community to strengthen ethical norms, enhance researcher qualifications, and establish rigorous review mechanisms. To ensure responsible and transparent research processes, we recommend the following specific key actions: Development and enforcement of comprehensive AI research integrity guidelines that include clear protocols for AI use in data analysis and publication, ensuring transparency and accountability in AI-assisted research. Implementation of mandatory AI ethics and integrity training for researchers, aimed at fostering an in-depth understanding of potential AI misuses and promoting ethical research practices. Establishment of international collaboration frameworks to facilitate the exchange of best practices and development of unified ethical standards for AI in research. Protecting research integrity is paramount for maintaining public trust in science, making these recommendations urgent for the scientific community consideration and action.

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Human Rights and Inclusion Policies for Transgender Women in Elite Sport: The Case of Australia ‘Rules’ Football (AFL)

Ordway,

Nichol,

Parry

et al. 2023

Sport, Ethics and Philosophy

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Grounded ethical analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Constructing authentic decisions: proxy decision making for research involving adults who lack capacity to consent

Constructing authentic decisions: proxy decision making for research involving adults who lack capacity to consent

Research integrity in the era of artificial intelligence: Challenges and responses

Human Rights and Inclusion Policies for Transgender Women in Elite Sport: The Case of Australia ‘Rules’ Football (AFL)

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