Grounding Grids for High-Voltage Stations [includes discussion]

Gross, Eric T. B.; Chitnis, B. V.; Stratton, L. J.

doi:10.1109/aieepas.1953.4498704

Cited by 34 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In most power systems, the neutral is grounded at one or more points where grounding grids are used in high voltage stations situated in rocky terrains and multiple grounding conductors are buried to a depth of 1 to 2 feet as it is impractical to use deep-driven conductors due to the rocky nature of the soil [8]. The neutral grounding can be either solid (which is a direct connection to the ground) or an impedance-based grounding (systems with ungrounded neutrals are typically not recommended).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of control techniques for compensating the fault current in resonant grounded distribution networks: From the perspective of mitigating powerline bushfires

Fernando

Mahmud

Islam

et al. 2022

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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Powerline faults are responsible for major bushfires around the world where arcs provoked from ground faults are common causes for igniting such fires. The grounding techniques (mainly resonant grounding) used in distribution substations and arc suppression devices play a crucial role for compensating fault currents in order to extinguish arcs so that the likelihoods of powerline bushfires are significantly reduced. Though passive arc suppression devices (e.g. Petersen coils) are extensively used for compensating the reactive component of the fault current, the active component of this current is still large enough to ignite the fire in bushfire prone areas for which active arc suppression devices are recently used. These active arc suppression devices incorporate residual current compensation inverters and the full compensation of the fault current rely on the control scheme of these inverters. This paper comprehensively reviews different control schemes that are used for compensating the fault current in resonant grounded power distribution systems. The existing control schemes are discussed in terms of the model used during the controller design process, loop structures, control block diagrams, and performance analysis frameworks (i.e. the type of fault impedances). It is worth mentioning that faults on resonant grounded power distribution networks exhibit the characteristics of high impedance faults and it important to consider this aspect for performance analysis of the control scheme. This paper also covers a brief overview of different grounding techniques used for mitigating fault currents and finally, the challenges with the existing controllers are identified in terms of extinguishing powerline bushfires. The comprehensive review motivates and guides future research activities on developing more efficient fault compensation techniques.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of control techniques for compensating the fault current in resonant grounded distribution networks: From the perspective of mitigating powerline bushfires

Fernando

Mahmud

Islam

et al. 2022

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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“…Dawalibi et.al compared the measured and calculated values of current densities of grounding grid [7], [1]. Analysis of surface potential and current densities in multilayer soil is available in the literature [8,9,10].In this paper, grounding grid performance indices such as Ground resistance( Rg), Mesh voltage (Em), Step voltage(Es), Ground potential rise(GPR) are carried out for various types of grid configurations in two layer soil structure for both positive and negative refection factor K. where = 2 − 1 2 + 1 ----Reflection factor.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Grounding Grid Performance of Substation in Two Layer Soil - A Parametric Analysis

Unde¹,

Kushare²

2012

IJESET

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During ground faults, fault current flows in the ground which results in potential gradient and ground potential rise (GPR). The potential gradient affects the safety of operating person due to step and touch voltage and GPR affects the insulation of protective devices and control cables. The potential gradient and GPR are the functions of ground electrode geometry. In this paper, performance assessment and analysis of grounding grid is carried out for different types of grid electrodes with two layer soil model for both positive and negative reflection factor K. The simulation is carried out to evaluate grounding grid performance indices such as Ground

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“…Em 1953 Gross et all [6] apresentaram o cálculo de uma malha de grande porte, no qual pela primeira vez os eletrodos eram segmentados e a densidade de corrente em cada segmento era calculada. Embora sua formulação fosse limitada a solos uniformes e, conforme os autores, originada do método das sub-áreas de Maxwell, ela já contém todos os elementos básicos utilizados hoje no cálculo de malhas de aterramento pelo Método das Imagens.…”

Section: Estado Da Arte No Cálculo De Malhas De Aterramentounclassified

Aplicação do método de imagens complexas ao cálculo de malhas de aterramento em solos com estratificação horizontal.

Filho¹,

Leite²

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Grounding Grids for High-Voltage Stations [includes discussion]

Cited by 34 publications

References 10 publications

A comprehensive review of control techniques for compensating the fault current in resonant grounded distribution networks: From the perspective of mitigating powerline bushfires

A comprehensive review of control techniques for compensating the fault current in resonant grounded distribution networks: From the perspective of mitigating powerline bushfires

Grounding Grid Performance of Substation in Two Layer Soil - A Parametric Analysis

Aplicação do método de imagens complexas ao cálculo de malhas de aterramento em solos com estratificação horizontal.

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