Groundwater and Health: Meeting Unmet Needs in Sub-Saharan Africa

Adelana, Segun; Fantong, Wilson Y.; Nedaw, Dessie; Duah, Anthony A.

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-3426-7_2

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…High trace-metal contents, a health problem, are also likely from such low pH waters (Edmunds and Smedley, 1996), hence, a need to assess potentially harmful trace element. The low TDS in groundwater are consistent with the observation that most exploited groundwater resources in the weathered Precambrian basement rocks of Africa area low in dissolved ions and generally suitable for consumption (Adelana et al, 2011). However, the microbial quality of groundwater in the tropi-cal Africa is a serious health issue (Roche, 1993) as reported in the study area (Wirmvem et al, 2013) and elsewhere (Katte et al, 2003).…”

Section: Suitability For Drinking and Irrigationsupporting

confidence: 86%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hydrochemistry of shallow groundwater and surface water in the Ndop plain, North West Cameroon

Wirmvem¹,

Ohba²,

Fantong³

et al. 2013

Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was conducted on the hydrochemistry of shallow groundwater and surface water in the Ndop plain, North West Cameroon. The objectives were to determine the physico-chemical characteristics of water, controls on water chemistry and suitability for drinking and irrigation. Forty-six shallow groundwater and 26 surface water samples were investigated. Field measurements of physical parameters were preceded by chemical analyses of the samples for major ions and F-. About 69% of the water sources had pH values below 6.5, classifying the water as barely acidic. Electrical conductivity (<282 µS/cm) and total dissolved solids (<183 mg/l) were low suggesting low-mineralised and freshwater. The relative abundance of major ions (meq/l) was Na 2+ >Ca 2+ >Mg 2+ >K + for cations and HCO 3->>NO 3-≥Cl->SO 4 2for anions. Major ion concentrations were low, and within the WHO guidelines for drinking water, but Fconcentrations were much lower (<0.39 mg/l) and below guideline value. Main water types and proportions were Na-HCO 3 (53 %), Ca-HCO 3 (35 %) and a mixed Na-Ca-HCO 3 (11%). Predominant processes influencing water chemistry were incongruent dissolution of silicate minerals and cation-exchange of Na + in rocks for Ca 2+ in water. The low major ion concentrations indicated low water-rock interactions and short residence time. The analysed water was suitable for irrigation.

show abstract

Section: Suitability For Drinking and Irrigationsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In Africa, groundwater is a vital resource with nearly 80% of the continent's population relying on it as a main source of drinking water. However, in many parts of the continent, reaching basic health requirements is still a concern (Adelana and MacDonald, 2008;Adelana et al, 2011;Edet et al, 2011;Tay, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemistry of shallow groundwater and surface water in the Ndop plain, North West Cameroon

Wirmvem¹,

Ohba²,

Fantong³

et al. 2013

Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Water governance refers to the range of political, social, economic, and administrative systems in place to develop and manage water resources and the delivery of water services at different levels of society (Global Water Partnership, 2002in Rogers & Hall, 2003. Basic principles such as open and transparent, inclusive and communicative, coherent and integrative, equitable and ethical, responsive and sustainable, and efficient and accountable are the core elements of managing effective water governance (Adelana, 2016;Rogers & Hall, 2003). The public sector provides over 90% of domestic water and wastewater services worldwide (Rogers & Hall, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main factors that challenge water resources management in Sub-Saharan Africa are the rapid urbanizing of cities, city development, urban infrastructure and implications on groundwater, and the hydro-geological setting of selected cities (Adelana, 2016). How to afford enough water to support the city's development is always a challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practices and Challenges of Good Governance Packages in Bule Hora Town Water Supply, West Guji Zone, Ethiopia

Jima

2023

PJGD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The issue of good governance has become a concern of scholars across the world. Developing countries like Ethiopia are affected by the challenges of good governance because of weak mitigation mechanisms. Specifically, the issues of water governance have gotten the attention of scholars recently. This research scrutinizes the Bule Hora town’s status of water and the practices and challenges of good governance in the water supply. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative methods. A researcher selected a sample of 99 participants from Bule Hora town households through a systematic random sampling technique. Findings show that the Bule Hora town's water coverage is 53.3%. The inefficiency of labor and ineffectiveness of the office to supply sufficient water challenge the town's water supply good governance. Moreover, the participation of the community in water governance could be higher besides problems of electric fluctuation, shortage of skilled workforce and manager rotation, financial constraints, and political interference in the water governance activity affecting the water provision of the town. It concluded that the level of effectiveness could be higher because Bule Hora town cannot supply pure water for residents with minimum cost, effort, and time. It recommends that the town diversify the water sources to increase the inhabitants' effective and efficient water supply. Further, the town needs to raise the participation of residents in water governance and activity.

show abstract

“…It was accordingly recommended that waterborne diseases from contaminated groundwater be identified to ensure preventive measures, which are less costly than remediation. In response to this recommendation several research works have been conducted on groundwater and health in Sub-Saharan Africa and reviewed by Adelana et al (2011). However, none of those findings attempted to show how climate change may impact groundwater-borne diseases such as fluorosis which is manifested initially as pitted teeth with white horizontal striations, pitted brown teeth, and un-pitted teeth with black, brown, and chalky coats, and skeletal deformation in long term.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defluoridation of fluoride-rich groundwater in Mayo Tsanaga River Basin-Cameroon using locally produced bone char

Fantong¹,

Ngappe²,

Banseka³

et al. 2019

J. Cam. Acad. Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With fluoride-rich groundwater causing a climatic-dependent fluorosis in Mayo-Tsanaga River Basin, the overall objective of this study was to reduce fluoride concentrations in drinking water to acceptable levels thereby improving the resilience of the population to this climate change induced pathology. The specific objectives were to: (1) assess water chemistry in the study area to reaffirm the undesirable fluoride levels; (2) assess the impact of seasons on the concentrations of fluoride; (3) construct and evaluate the performance of a household bone char-based adsorption defluoridation filter. A combination of hydrogeochemical and engineering analyses demonstrated that the groundwater is predominantly Ca+Mg-HCO 3 type, which contains as much as 6.73 mg/l of undesirable concentrations of geogenic fluoride. These concentrations increased with elevated pH, electrical conductivity and in the dry season, and were reduced to less than 0.2 mg/l when the groundwater was subjected to filtration through 300 g of 0.2-0.8 mm faction of charred cow bones in a home-based defluoridation filter. The bone char in the filter can effectively reduce fluoride concentration to less than 0.7 mg/l, which is the local threshold limit, without negative impact on the organoleptic (taste, color and odor) characteristics of drinking water. Compared with the commercially activated carbon, the bone char has an additional capacity of adsorbing fluoride at a rate of 4 mg/liter in 30 minutes, which indicates that with a defined saturation time, the bone char filter can protect the population against climate change-induced fluoride enrichment in drinking water. Mots clés. Groundwater. geogenic fluoride. climate dependent fluorosis. bone char defluoridation. water chemistry.

show abstract

Groundwater and Health: Meeting Unmet Needs in Sub-Saharan Africa

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Hydrochemistry of shallow groundwater and surface water in the Ndop plain, North West Cameroon

Hydrochemistry of shallow groundwater and surface water in the Ndop plain, North West Cameroon

Practices and Challenges of Good Governance Packages in Bule Hora Town Water Supply, West Guji Zone, Ethiopia

Defluoridation of fluoride-rich groundwater in Mayo Tsanaga River Basin-Cameroon using locally produced bone char

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About