Groundwater balance estimation and sustainability in the Sandıklı Basin (Afyonkarahisar/Turkey)

Abstract

The Sandıklı (Afyonkarahisar) Basin is located in the southwest of Turkey and is a semi-closed basin. Groundwater is widely used for drinking, domestic and irrigation purposes in the basin. The mismanagement of groundwater resources in the basin causes negative effects including depletion of the aquifer storage and groundwater level decline. To assure sustainability of the basin, determination of groundwater budget is necessary. In this study, the water-table fluctuation (WTF) and the meteorological water budget (MWB) methods were used to estimate groundwater budget in the Sandıklı basin (Turkey). Conceptual hydrogeological model of the basin was used for understanding the relation between budget parameters. The groundwater potential of the basin calculated with MWB method as 42.10×10 6 m 3 /year. In addition, it is also calculated with simplified WTF method as 38.48×10 6 m 3 /year.

Determination of stable isotope characteristics and natural radioactivity in drinking waters in Sandıklı basin (Afyonkarahisar-Turkey)

“…Volcanic rocks which is composed of andesite, trachy andesite, basalt, tuff, tuffite and agglomerate. Pliocene and Quaternary aged units are current deposits of study area and covers all units unconformably [22], [29], [30], (Figure 2). …”

“…The thickness of the aquifer system ranges from approximately 200-300 m and it has a productive aquifer character. Also, Mesozoic aged unit which is consists of limestones are karstic aquifer [22]. The most important surface flow of the study area is Kestel creek (Figure 2).…”

“…The most important surface flow of the study area is Kestel creek (Figure 2). The groundwater flow direction is towards NE in south of the basin, towards north in west of the basin and towards Kestel creek in north of the basin [26]. Water samples were taken from the wells on the porous aquifer.…”

“…8 Sub-modern (recharged prior to 1952) 0. Mixture of sub-modern and modern [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Modern (<5-10 years) [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Some bomb tritium present >30…”

“…The basin is selected as the investigation area because groundwater is the major source for using as irrigation and drinking water in the basin. For this reason, there are many studies in this region [22]- [28]. The study's main objective was to identify isotopic compositions and radioactivity parameters of groundwater in the Sandıklı basin, was investigated seasonally to determine the relationship between major aquifers.…”