Groundwater beneath the urban area of Khan Younis City, southern Gaza Strip (Palestine): hydrochemistry and water quality

Jabal, Mohd S. Abu; Abustan, Ismail; Rozaimy, Mohd Remy; Najar, Hussam El

doi:10.1007/s12517-014-1346-6

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The assessment of SI might be helpful to understand the geochemical processes occurring in the region and would be able to determine the origin of dissolved ions in groundwater . The values of SI for calcite and (Aghazadeh and Mogaddam 2010;Redwan et al 2016;Jabal et al 2015).…”

Section: Saturation Index (Si)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes using hydrochemical studies in Malwa region, southwestern part of Punjab, India

2016

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Deterioration of groundwater quality due to anthropogenic activities is increasing at an alarming rate in most parts of the Punjab, but limited work has been carried out on groundwater quality and monitoring. This paper highlights the groundwater quality and compares its suitability for drinking and irrigation purpose in Malwa region, a southwestern part of Punjab. The Malwa region makes up the most cultivated area of Punjab with high consumption of pesticides and fertilizers. Twenty-four water samples representing groundwater sources were collected and analyzed for almost all major cations, anions and other physicochemical parameters. Analytical results of physicochemical analysis showed majority of the samples above the permissible limits of the Indian standards. The groundwater of the study area was very hard and the relative abundance of major cations and anions was Na ? [ Ca 2? [ Mg 2? [ K ? and HCO 3 -[ SO 4 2-[ Cl -. Fluoride content was higher than permissible limit in 75 % of the samples. The mean concentration of arsenic in groundwater was 9.37 and 11.01lg/L during summer and winter season, respectively. The parameters like sodium adsorption ratio and sodium percentage (Na%) revealed good quality of groundwater for irrigation purposes, whereas magnesium ratio and corrosivity ratio values showed that water is not suitable for agriculture and domestic use. The dominant hydrochemical facies of groundwater was Ca-Mg-HCO 3 and Ca-Mg-SO 4 -Cl. Chloro alkaline indices 1 and 2 indicated that reverse ion exchange is dominant in the region. The samples fall in rock dominance and evaporation dominance fields as indicated by Gibbs diagram. The saturation index shows that all the water samples were supersaturated with respect to carbonate minerals. This work thus concludes that groundwater in the study area is chemically unsuitable for domestic and agricultural uses. It is recommended to carry out a continuous water quality monitoring program and development of effective management practices for utilization of water resources.

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Section: Saturation Index (Si)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes using hydrochemical studies in Malwa region, southwestern part of Punjab, India

2016

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“…Correlation analysis measures the closeness and the point of linear association between independent and dependent variables. The closeness and degree of linear relationship between independent and dependent variables can be measured from correlation analysis (Jabal et al, 2014;Kalaivani and Krishnaveni, 2015;Ketata et al, 2011;Pazand et al, 2012;Singh et al, 2012;Srinivasamoorthy et al, 2012). The measure of interdependence of two or more variables is called the correlation coefficient (r) and is usually used to measure and find a relation amongst the variables.…”

Section: Correlation Coefficient Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, variables with the positive correlation mean that they have a common source, whereas variables with negative correlation specify different sources. Variables will be STATISTICAL ANALYSIS TOOLS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER CHEMICAL VARIATIONS 3 strongly correlated if the value of r >0.7 or -0.7 and shows moderate correlation when the values ranges from 0.5 to 0.7 or -0.5 to -0.7 (Jabal et al, 2014;Pazand et al, 2012). The correlation between sodium and chloride is normally used to recognise the mechanism of salinity in arid and semiarid regions (Jabal et al, 2014).…”

Section: Correlation Coefficient Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results show that most of the samples are high in total dissolved solids, chloride and sodium. The values were also compared with the maximum allowed concentration of different ions in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and standards of the World Health Organization (Environment, 2011;Jabal et al, 2014;WHO, 2011). According to the maximum allowed concentration standard limits, groundwater quality in the study area is not suitable for drinking as well as agriculture purposes.…”

Section: Groundwater Chemistry and Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Multivariate Statistical Analysis for the Assessment of Groundwater Chemical Variations in Wadi Bani Malik Area, Saudi Arabia

2018

Global NEST Journal

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Multivariate statistical analysis including cluster analysis, factor analysis and correlation coefficient was applied to the groundwater samples to understand the groundwater condition in Wadi Bani Malik area. Water samples collected from the study area were analysed for physical parameters, major cations and major anions. The groundwater quality is not good in this area and the physicochemical parameters go beyond the acceptable limits of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and WHO drinking water standards. The water type in the study area was primarily NaCl. Correlation coefficients were determined among different parameters and then regression analysis was performed to realize the linear relationship between the best correlated parameters. Results of factor analysis specify that factor 1 is dominant and is responsible for 45.5% of the total variance and is dominated by Cl -, Na + , Mg ++ and K + . Ground water samples can be divided into four clusters.

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“…These properties are controlled by natural processes, mineral weathering, precipitation and evaporation crystallization. Understanding groundwater quality and hydrochemistry are significant because they are the principal ingredients that influence water chemistry, mechanisms controlling chemistry, classification of water type, water rock interaction, geochemical evolution, and water relevance for different uses (Jabal et al, 2015). The information of hydrochemistry is vital to find the source of chemical composition of groundwater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of groundwater chemistry data using multivariate statistical techniques

2016

Global NEST Journal

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Hydrogeologists in general and hydrogeochemists in particular are commonly asked to collect and interpret groundwater chemistry data for determining the groundwater quality at a particular site. More often, this involves graphical representation of data and a comparison with the drinking water quality standards. However, public laws and regulations require rigorous and a comprehensive quantitative approach, including statistical analysis to interpret the groundwater chemistry data. The analysis might be helpful in identifying the contaminated sites.A total of 19 groundwater samples were collected from Wadi Bani Malik located 40 km to the east of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The area once known to be a dumping ground for untreated waste has now been partially remediated. To establish that the higher concentration of salts found in the Wadi is due to the sewage dumping, the data were compared with an adjacent Wadi Madsus that was not known to have any history of dumping. A distribution-free method of multivariate data analysis was employed to compare the variation in species abundance and composition among sampling sites.Principal Coordinate Analysis indicates that some of the wells in both the wadis have same compositional trend and also some samples overlap within the same area. Analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) using R package vegan software indicates a strong correlation (R = 0.82) between Wadi Bani Malik and Wadi Madsus. The P factor calculated while performing the analysis suggests that sewage dumping significantly contaminated (P = 0.001) the groundwater quality of the Bani Malik area.

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Groundwater beneath the urban area of Khan Younis City, southern Gaza Strip (Palestine): hydrochemistry and water quality

Cited by 27 publications

References 45 publications

Assessment of groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes using hydrochemical studies in Malwa region, southwestern part of Punjab, India

Assessment of groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes using hydrochemical studies in Malwa region, southwestern part of Punjab, India

Use of Multivariate Statistical Analysis for the Assessment of Groundwater Chemical Variations in Wadi Bani Malik Area, Saudi Arabia

Interpretation of groundwater chemistry data using multivariate statistical techniques

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