Groundwater flow regime under natural conditions as inferred from past evidence and contemporary field observations in a semi-arid basin: Cuenca de la Independencia, Guanajuato, México

León, Ignacio Navarro de; Gárfias-Soliz, J.; Mahlknecht, Jürgen

doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.04.003

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In light of the progressive groundwater level decline, Federal and State agencies conducted a series of studies beginning in the early 1990s to improve the hydrologic and geohydrologic understanding in the region (SARH, 1992;CEASG, 1999;CEAG, 2001;CEASG, 2000a,b;UGTO, 2004). Some recent investigation results on the geohydrologic framework and hydrogeochemical conditions were published in PhD theses and research papers (Mahlknecht, 2003;Navarro de León, 2005;Mahlknecht et al, 2004a,b;Navarro de León et al, 2005).…”

Section: Aquifer Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relatively high H 4 SiO 4 concentration in groundwater (medianZ 1.0!10 K3 mmol/L) favors the hypothesis of the presence of amorphous silica rather than phases like quartz or chalcedony. However, large chalcedony deposits were observed in the outlined discharge zones (Navarro de León et al, 2005) (Fig. 2), suggesting volcanic reactants weathering to chalcedony.…”

Section: Geochemical Reactantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 and 3). According to Navarro de León et al (2005), the predevelopment flow regime consists of: (a) the mountainous area and the borders of the plain with cold springs and phreatophytes; (b) the central plain where lagoons, bogs, saline soils and phreatophytes were abundant; and (c) the area located from the basin center to the basin outlet with the occurrence of chalcedony deposits along with thermalism and artesian phenomena. The three areas correspond to a gravity-driven flow system of local, intermediate and regional order, respectively.…”

Section: Groundwater Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…State and local agencies have shown that the pressures imposed by growing population and socioeconomic development have resulted in declines in groundwater levels in excess of 0.8-1.2 m per year during the last decade (CEASG, 1999;CEAG, 2001). The production of 2500 deep wells in the Independence Valley caused changes in groundwater flow direction, a continuous reduction of the number and discharge of springs and surface waters, and a deterioration of the ecosystem conditions (Navarro de León et al, 2005). Although this aquifer system is intensively exploited, little was known prior to this study about the flow pattern and groundwater ages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemical and isotopic investigations on groundwater residence time and flow in the Independence Basin, Mexico

Mahlknecht

Garfias-Solís

Aravena

et al. 2006

Journal of Hydrology

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Section: Aquifer Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geochemical Reactantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Groundwater Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemical and isotopic investigations on groundwater residence time and flow in the Independence Basin, Mexico

Mahlknecht

Garfias-Solís

Aravena

et al. 2006

Journal of Hydrology

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“…Evidence indicates a total of 201 springs once existed in and around the CI, but that the number of active springs has decreased in recent years. As of 2005, 44 springs were observed with permanent discharge, 91 remained active during the rainy season, and the remaining 66 have dried up entirely (Navarro de León, Gárfias-Soliz, and Mahlknecht 2005).Since the arrival of the Spaniards in the 16 th century the region's hydrology has been modified by the construction of surface water diversions and dams and the drilling of over 2,500 deep wells(Maganda 2003;Navarro de León, Gárfias-Soliz, and Mahlknecht 2005). Moderate to high population growth rates (1.24% average from 1940-2010), coupled with aggressive agricultural and industrial development policies, have resulted in groundwater overexploitation and reduced water availability per capita in the State of Guanajuato(Table 2).There are over a dozen reservoirs along the main stem of the Laja River and many smaller impoundments along its tributaries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Spatially Distributed Stream Power on Check Dam Function in Small Upland Watersheds: A Case Study of the Upper Laja Watershed, Guanajuato, Mexico

Herzfeld¹

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Watershed restoration comes in a variety of forms depending on which set of problems are sought to be remedied. Severe soil erosion, in the form of gullying and/or headcutting, can be mitigated through constructing check dams in well-selected locations. This practice has been used throughout the upland subwatersheds within the Upper Laja River watershed in Guanajuato, México. The present study employed Wolman pebble counts to systematically assess the effectiveness of 21 check dams located near the city of San Miguel de Allende. Particle size distributions taken directly downstream and upstream of each check dam were differentiated, aggregated and compared-with the difference between median particle size of downstream and upstream distributions defined as DsD50-UsD50. Several subwatershed attributes were calculated in a GIS for comparison to DsD50-UsD50 values. Results indicate that, on aggregate, the check dams studied were moderately successful at retaining sediment that becomes entrained in concentrated flow (DsD50-UsD50 = 15.4 mm; p < 0.001). Individually, 18 of the 21 check dams surveyed had statistically significant differences between DsD50 and UsD50 (p < 0.05). The subwatershed variables of local channel slope (r = 0.55), mean subwatershed slope (r = 0.46), subwatershed area (r = 0.59), distance from channel head (r = 0.54), percent canopy cover (r = 0.46), Qmed (r = 0.46), total stream power (r = 0.58), and change in total stream power (r =-0.45) were found to be statistically significant when correlated with DsD50-UsD50 values (p < 0.05). Change in total stream power was used to classify stream reaches as either erosion or depositiondominated. When compared, the DsD50-UsD50 values from check dams located in erosion and deposition-dominated reaches are statistically different (p < 0.05); higher performing check dams were predominantly found in deposition-dominated reaches. The results of this ii study suggest that spatially distributed stream power can be used as a variable for making decisions about future check dam locations. In particular, check dams are more likely to be effective if they are located within deposition-dominated areas (negative change in total stream power) and in areas of decreasing change in total stream power. In general, this study's findings also support locating check dams in second order streams. iii Acknowledgments This work would not have been possible without the generous support of Agustin Madrigal and Mauricio Sánchez in San Miguel de Allende. I am also grateful to Ecosystem Sciences Foundation-Zach Hill, Derek Risso, and Tim Maguire-who facilitated the connection with Salvemos el Rio Laja and provided guidance and feedback when needed. Also, I would like to thank my committee members for their support and guidance particularly during the early stages of the project. Last, but far from least, I owe sincere thanks to my family, and particularly to my wife Jessie, for their endless encouragement.

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Influence of climate variability on change in storage of overexploited aquifers in a semi-arid region

Navarro Céspedes,

Hernández Anguiano,

Alcántara Concepción

et al. 2023

Theor Appl Climatol

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Arid and semi-arid regions are vulnerable to natural disturbances and particularly, to anthropogenic climate change. In these regions, water resources are scarce, and groundwater is commonly the main source of water for municipal supply, agricultural, and industrial purposes. Groundwater overexploitation is a common issue for these regions, where overextraction, climate variability and recharge are responsible for groundwater storage evolution. This study aims to find teleconnections through wavelet analysis between annual rates of change in storage, obtained from geostatistical groundwater modeling, and climate variability. Continuous wavelet transform, cross-wavelet analysis and wavelet coherence were used to analyze and characterize non-stationary patterns of variability of precipitation (PP), standardized precipitation index (SPI), minimum (Min_Temp) and maximum temperature (Max_Temp), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI), the Pacific-North American pattern (PNA), the Caribbean Index (CAR) and Groundwater Change in Storage (ΔGS) semestral time series. The results suggest significant influences of the indices on ΔGS, PP, Min_Temp and EVI. PNA manifested an important influence in short periods (2-4 years) in all aquifers, ONI showed influence mainly over long periods (8-16 years) and CAR had influence in periods of high hurricane activities. In addition, under extreme climatic conditions (El Niño or La Niña) the higher/lower water demand increase their influence on groundwater level response creating an indirect link between climate indices and ΔGS. This research can serve as a good indicator of the climate variations behavior and can provide information to understand the regional climate effects of the ENSO phenomenon in overexploited aquifers.

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Groundwater flow regime under natural conditions as inferred from past evidence and contemporary field observations in a semi-arid basin: Cuenca de la Independencia, Guanajuato, México

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Geochemical and isotopic investigations on groundwater residence time and flow in the Independence Basin, Mexico

Geochemical and isotopic investigations on groundwater residence time and flow in the Independence Basin, Mexico

Effects of Spatially Distributed Stream Power on Check Dam Function in Small Upland Watersheds: A Case Study of the Upper Laja Watershed, Guanajuato, Mexico

Influence of climate variability on change in storage of overexploited aquifers in a semi-arid region

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