Groundwater fluxes in the global hydrologic cycle: past, present and future

Zektser, I. S.; Loáiciga, Hugo A.

doi:10.1016/0022-1694(93)90182-9

Cited by 240 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The minimum current chemical weathering rate estimated from dissolved material originating from rock weathering in the 60 largest rivers on Earth is about 2.1 × 10 9 t∕y (67). This estimate does not incorporate weathering of basalts in arcs, where the chemical weathering rate is higher compared to the average continental silicate weathering rate (e.g., 68, 69); it also does not include the dissolved continental material lost via groundwater flow into the oceans, which may be as much as 50% of that contributed by rivers (70), although the overall flow of groundwater into the ocean is not likely to be more than 6% of the total continental runoff (71). Thus, this chemical weathering rate estimate is considered a minimum estimate.…”

Section: Model Predictions and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on continental crustal mass loss via chemical weathering using lithium and its isotopes

Liu

Rudnick

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Chemical weathering, as well as physical erosion, changes the composition and shapes the surface of the continental crust. However, the amount of continental material that has been lost over Earth’s history due to chemical weathering is poorly constrained. Using a mass balance model for lithium inputs and outputs from the continental crust, we find that the mass of continental crust that has been lost due to chemical weathering is at least 15% of the original mass of the juvenile continental crust, and may be as high as 60%, with a best estimate of approximately 45%. Our results suggest that chemical weathering and subsequent subduction of soluble elements have major impacts on both the mass and the compositional evolution of the continental crust.

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Section: Model Predictions and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on continental crustal mass loss via chemical weathering using lithium and its isotopes

Liu

Rudnick

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Global water budget and integrated hydrologic-hydrogeological approaches suggest FSGD may account for 0.3 to 16% of the total freshwater discharge to oceans [Zektser and Loaiciga, 1993;Burnett et al, 2003]. FSGD is 11 highly variable at small and large scales, and depends on various geological, hydrological and climate factors.…”

Section: Rechargementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While this has been investigated in a few studies [Robinson et al, 2006;Abarca et al, 2013], beach morphology changes may have important implications on the 47 biogeochemistry and transformations in a STE and requires further investigation as we seek to understand fully the transient behavior of this complex system.  While regional and global scale estimates of the magnitude and importance of SGD are available [e.g., Zektser and Loaiciga, 1993;Sawyer et al, 2016], improved quantification of the role of the STE and SGD in controlling nutrient, carbon, greenhouse gas and metal fluxes to the coastal ocean on global and ocean basin scales is needed. There have been limited attempts on measuring these fluxes over large scales other than Rodellas et al [2015] who provided estimates of nutrients fluxes into the Mediterranean Sea.…”

Section: Knowledge Gaps and Research Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater dynamics in subterranean estuaries of coastal unconfined aquifers: Controls on submarine groundwater discharge and chemical inputs to the ocean

Robinson¹,

Xin²,

Santos³

et al. 2018

Advances in Water Resources

227

148

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Sustainable coastal resource management requires sound understanding of interactions between coastal unconfined aquifers and the ocean as these interactions influence the flux of chemicals to the coastal ocean and the availability of fresh groundwater resources. The importance of submarine groundwater discharge in delivering chemical fluxes to the coastal ocean and the critical role of the subterranean estuary (STE) in regulating these fluxes is well recognized. STEs are complex and dynamic systems exposed to various physical, hydrological, geological, and chemical conditions that act on disparate spatial and temporal scales. This paper provides a review of the effect of factors that influence flow and salt transport in STEs, evaluates current understanding on the interactions between these influences, and synthesizes understanding of drivers of nutrient, carbon, greenhouse gas, metal and organic contaminant fluxes to the ocean.Based on this review, key research needs are identified. While the effects of density and tides are well understood, episodic and longer-period forces as well as the interactions between multiple influences remain poorly understood. Many studies continue to focus on idealized nearshore aquifer systems and future work needs to consider real world complexities such as geological heterogeneities, and non-uniform and evolving alongshore and cross-shore morphology. There is also a significant need for multidisciplinary research to unravel the interactions between physical and biogeochemical processes in the STE, as most existing studies treat these processes in isolation. Better understanding of this complex and dynamic system can improve sustainable management of coastal water resources under the influence of anthropogenic pressures and climate change.

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“…Although the most noticeable impacts of climate change could be changes in surface-water levels and quality (Leith and Whitfield 1998;Winter 1983), there are potential effects on the quantity and quality of groundwater (Bear and Cheng 1999;Zektser and Loaiciga 1993).…”

Section: Rising Interest In Impacts Of Climate Change On Subsurface Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complexity of approaches for obtaining the climate data series appears to have increased in recent years, ranging from the use of global averages (Loaiciga et al 1996;Zektser and Loaiciga 1993) to the use of regional "bulk" projections (Allen et al 2004;Brouyere et al 2004;Vaccaro 1992;Yusoff et al 2002) to the direct application of downscaled climate data (Jyrkama and Sykes 2007;Scibek and Allen 2006b;Scibek et al 2007;Serrat-Capdevila et al 2007;Toews and Allen 2009) to the use of regional climate models (Rivard et al 2008;van Roosmalen et al 2007van Roosmalen et al , 2009). Some of the early efforts to assess potential hydrologic impacts were reviewed by Gleik (1986).…”

Section: Downscalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking Climate Change and Groundwater

Green

2016

Integrated Groundwater Management

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Projected global change includes groundwater systems, which are linked with changes in climate over space and time. Consequently, global change affects key aspects of subsurface hydrology (including soil water, deeper vadose zone water, and unconfined and confined aquifer waters), surface-groundwater interactions, and water quality. Research and publications addressing projected climate effects on subsurface water are catching up with surface water studies. Even so, technological advances, new insights and understanding are needed regarding terrestrial-subsurface systems, biophysical process interactions, and feedbacks to atmospheric processes. Importantly, groundwater resources need to be assessed in the context of atmospheric CO 2 enrichment, warming trends and associated changes in intensities and frequencies of wet and dry periods, even though projections in space and time are uncertain. Potential feedbacks of groundwater on the global climate system are largely unknown, but may be stronger than previously assumed. Groundwater has been depleted in many regions, but management of subsurface storage remains an important option to meet the combined demands of agriculture, industry (particularly the energy sector), municipal and domestic water supply, and ecosystems. In many regions, groundwater is central to the water-food-energy-climate nexus. Strategic adaptation to global change must include flexible, integrated groundwater management over many decades. Adaptation itself must be adaptive over time. Further research is needed to improve our understanding of climate and groundwater interactions and to guide integrated groundwater management.

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Groundwater fluxes in the global hydrologic cycle: past, present and future

Cited by 240 publications

References 21 publications

Constraints on continental crustal mass loss via chemical weathering using lithium and its isotopes

Constraints on continental crustal mass loss via chemical weathering using lithium and its isotopes

Groundwater dynamics in subterranean estuaries of coastal unconfined aquifers: Controls on submarine groundwater discharge and chemical inputs to the ocean

Linking Climate Change and Groundwater

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