Groundwater nitrate contamination and use of Cl/Br ratio for source appointment

Samantara, M.K.; Padhi, R.K.; Satpathy, K.K.; Sowmya, M.; Kumaran, P.

doi:10.1007/s10661-014-4211-x

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The mean value of TDS was 681.9 mg.L -1 , however, some anomalous values were recorded with TDS > 1,000 mg.L -1 and a standard deviation of 230 mg.L -1 (Figure 3). These relatively high values of TDS may be associated with the incorporation of salts provided from domestic effluents, as observed by Almasri (2007), Gao et al (2012), andSamantara et al (2015).…”

Section: Groundwater Qualitymentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Moreover, the NH 4 + , NO 2 -, and TDS clusters can result from the incorporation of salt from effluents, whose process increases only TDS value. Some authors postulated the anomalous value of the TDS is generally associated with an input of domestic effluents into the hydrogeological system, when high deficits occur in the sewage service , according to Gao et al (2012) and Samantara et al (2015). Moreover, the study area has the aforementioned characteristic and vulnerable aquifers can make this relationship more pronounced.…”

Section: Groundwater Qualitymentioning

confidence: 97%

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Sewage static system influence on the concentrations of nitrogen compounds in unconfined aquifers

Peixoto

Cavalcante

2021

Eng. Sanit. Ambient.

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This research aimed to investigate the relation between sanitary situation and groundwater quality, using the concentration of nitrogenous compounds. The aquifer studied is unconfined and situated in the periurban zone of Fortaleza (NE Brazil). Through the Geographic Information System (GIS), a relational database was created using data from the IBGE demographic census (2011), to analyze numbers of households linked to septic tanks or rudimentary cesspit. The groundwater quality was evaluated based on nitrogen compounds (N-NH3 +; NO2 -; N-NO3 -), pH, and total dissolved solids (TDS). The highest concentrations of nitrates are found in areas with a higher density of septic tanks and rudimentary cesspit. Furthermore, nitrate was more present in water table above 6.6 m, mainly in the interfluvial zones, which have a high oxidation potential. The results contribute to the loss of contamination, based on the number of households with septic tanks and rudimentary cesspit, in unconfined aquifers, which were more vulnerable to contamination, mainly in peripheric expansions areas in the cities, where the deficit in sewage services tends to be high.

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Section: Groundwater Qualitymentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Groundwater Qualitymentioning

confidence: 97%

Sewage static system influence on the concentrations of nitrogen compounds in unconfined aquifers

Peixoto

Cavalcante

2021

Eng. Sanit. Ambient.

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“…This evaluation system is suitable for a rapid preliminary site assessment where limited hydrologic and geologic data. The source of nitrate in groundwater was determined by comparing nitrate and chloride concentration (Lawrence et al, 2001) and Cl/Br ratio (Davis et al, 1998;Samantara et al, 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is in line with the groundwater contamination potential assessment result. The Cl-/Br-ratio is basically constant from source to a receptor; therefore, the Cl-/Br-ratio is used as a parametric indicator to identify various anthropogenic and natural contaminants sources in groundwater (Davis et al, 1998;Samantara et al, 2015). The analysis of the C-l/Br-ratio can only be conducted on samples from STA 4 and STA 20 because the bromide was only detected in those samples.…”

Section: Source Of Nitratementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of nitrate contamination and its factors in the urban area of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Putro¹,

Wilopo²

2022

J.Degrade.Min.Land Manage.

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Population growth in urban areas increases rapidly due to improving economic conditions. However, this growth is not always followed by the addition of public facilities such as clean water facilities and sewage water system networks, especially in developing countries. There are still many people who use on-site sanitation systems that will cause groundwater pollution problems. In addition, many people in urban areas still depend on groundwater for drinking water. The quality of groundwater becomes an essential factor for this purpose. One of the common groundwater problems in urban areas is nitrate concentration. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the potential groundwater contamination, the primary source of nitrate contamination in groundwater, and their influencing factor in the study area. The research method used the Cl/NO<sub>3</sub> ratio and Cl/Br ratio to determine the source of nitrate in the study area. The groundwater contamination potential was evaluated based on depth to the groundwater table, sorption capacity above the groundwater table, permeability, groundwater table gradient, and horizontal distance from the contaminant source. In addition, the total of family members, age of the settlement, the distance of the well from the septic tank, and groundwater table depth were correlated with nitrate concentration. The results showed that nitrate levels in the research area generally exceed the maximum drinking water limit by WHO, with the maximum concentration reaching 167 mg/L. The high concentration of nitrate in the groundwater is due to contamination. According to the diagrams of nitrate versus chloride and the Cl/Br ratio analysis, the primary source of groundwater nitrate contamination is a septic tank. The higher family member and age of the settlement have a positive correlation with increasing nitrate concentration. Besides, distance from the septic tank and depth of the groundwater table is negatively correlated with nitrate concentration.

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“…Tal quantidade de efluente pode causar inviabilidade da água para fins mais nobres (VASQUES-SUÑE, 2010). Os efluentes domésticos geralmente possuem mais de 70% de matéria orgânica, resultando em altas concentrações de compostos nitrogenados, além da presença de contaminação microbiológica, detergentes e Compostos Orgânicos Dissolvidos (COD) (MERMILOD-BLONDIN, 2015;SAMANTARA, 2015;BARRET et al, 1999) A água incorporada no sistema hídrico subterrâneo por meio da RHAIP se configura como um processo de reuso não intencional, visto que há importância do consumo da água subterrânea na área de estudo, onde o número de poços tubulares e manuais chega a 332 de acordo com os cadastros da SRH e SIAGAS/CPRM.…”

Section: Estimativas De Recargaunclassified

Estimativa de recargas hídricas subterrâneas potenciais voluntárias e involuntárias em áreas urbanas

et al. 2017

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Resumo: O estudo buscou quantificar a recarga potencial de água subterrânea em bairros localizados em subbacias urbanas na cidade de Fortaleza -Ceará considerando, para isto, as recargas potenciais naturais de origem pluvial e a recarga potencial artificial, esta proveniente dos vazamentos na rede de abastecimento e dos Sistemas Estáticos de Esgotamento Sanitário -SEES representados, respectivamente, pela Recarga Hídrica Natural Potencial -RHNP e Recarga Hídrica Artificial Involuntária Potencial -RHAIP. Produziu-se um modelo de fluxo hídrico subterrâneo visando à identificação de áreas de recarga e descarga. Foi aplicado o método do balanço hídrico para a quantificação da RHNP. A estimativa do RHAIP foi realizada com auxílio de dados do Censo de 2010 do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística -IBGE, que foram dispostos e analisados em Sistema de Informação Geográfica -SIG. Os volumes de RHNP são superiores aos de RHAIP que, por sua vez, representam 1,07 milhões de m 3 /ano de efluentes domésticos via SEES e por vazamentos na rede geral de distribuição de água, que possui volume estimado em 1,51 milhões de m 3 / ano considerando-se um consumo diário per capita de 225 L/hab. A recarga total foi estimada em 12,3 milhões de m 3 /ano, sendo que a RHAIP é responsável por 20,9% da recarga potencial total.Palavras chave: Recarga involuntária. Área Urbana. Água subterrânea. Abstract:The objective of the study is to quantify the potential groundwater recharge in urban sub-basins in the city of Fortaleza -Ceará. We considered for this natural potential recharge of rain origin and artificial potential recharge that comes from leaks in the supply network and Sanitary Static Sewage System -SSSS, represented respectively by Hydric Potential Natural Recharge -HPNR and Hydric Potencial Artificial Involuntary Recharge -HPAIR. We produces groundwater flow model to identify recharge and discharge areas. The water balance method was applied for the quantification of the HPNR. The estimated HPAIR we accomplished a Geographic Information System -GIS analyze with 2010 Census data to aid the IBGE to observe the sanitation situation of the area. The HPNR' volume ware superior to HPAIR, that, are constituted by 1,07 million m 3 /year of domestic effluents via SSSS, and leaks in the water supply network. These has volume estimated at 1.51 million m 3 /year considering a daily per capita consumption of 225 L/hab. The total potential recharge was estimated at 12.3 million m 3 /year, and the HPAIP is responsible for 20.9% of the total potential charge.Keywords : Involuntary recharge. Urban area. Groundwater. INTRODUÇÃOEm um mundo de urbanização crescente, estima-se que dois terços da população mundial será urbana em 2050 (UN, 2005). Existe uma grande necessidade do gerenciamento das águas urbanas, particularmente das águas subterrâneas que podem atuar como mananciais na própria área física da cidade. Segundo Foster et al. (1999) e Foster e Chilton (2004), o uso destas águas em ambiente urbano precisa ser racionalizado considerando-se ...

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Groundwater nitrate contamination and use of Cl/Br ratio for source appointment

Cited by 18 publications

References 35 publications

Sewage static system influence on the concentrations of nitrogen compounds in unconfined aquifers

Sewage static system influence on the concentrations of nitrogen compounds in unconfined aquifers

Assessment of nitrate contamination and its factors in the urban area of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Estimativa de recargas hídricas subterrâneas potenciais voluntárias e involuntárias em áreas urbanas

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