Groundwater pollution near shallow waste dumps in Southern Calabar, South-Eastern Nigeria

Ugbaja, A. N.; Edet, Aniekan

doi:10.4314/gjgs.v2i2.18697

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…This suggests the potential for denitrification in shallow groundwater. Nitrate has been used successfully to characterise urban loading to groundwater from a range of sources including pit latrines (Cissé Faye et al 2004;Tijani and Onodera 2005) and landfills (Ugbaja and Edet 2004;Vala et al 2011) and was applied to look at impacts on groundwater quality across different population densities (Goshu and Akoma 2011;Goshu et al 2010;Orebiyi et al 2010). There are other sources of N loading to groundwater in growing urban areas including the impact of deforestations, and these have been delineated using N:Cl ratios and in a few examples by using δ 15 N analysis (Faillat 1990).…”

Section: Nitrate and Chloridementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is in part due to the more involved analytical procedures for NH 4 , the high detection limits for PO 4 and the fact that these parameters need to be analysed rapidly to ensure valid results. Ammonium and phosphate are closely associated with contamination from pit latrines and leaking sewer systems and examples from the cities of Lusaka, Abeokuta, Calabar and Makelle are shown in Table S1 of the ESM (Berhane and Walraevens 2013;Cidu et al 2003;Taiwo et al 2011;Ugbaja and Edet 2004). Ammonium concentrations in urban groundwater range from BDL to 60 mg/L, although most case studies had maximum concentrations below 10 mg/L.…”

Section: Ammonium and Phosphatementioning

confidence: 99%

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Urban groundwater quality in sub-Saharan Africa: current status and implications for water security and public health

et al. 2017

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Groundwater resources are important sources of drinking water in Africa, and they are hugely important in sustaining urban livelihoods and supporting a diverse range of commercial and agricultural activities. Groundwater has an important role in improving health in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). An estimated 250 million people (40% of the total) live in urban centres across SSA. SSA has experienced a rapid expansion in urban populations since the 1950s, with increased population densities as well as expanding geographical coverage. Estimates suggest that the urban population in SSA will double between 2000 and 2030. The quality status of shallow urban groundwater resources is often very poor due to inadequate waste management and source protection, and poses a significant health risk to users, while deeper borehole sources often provide an important source of good quality drinking water. Given the growth in future demand from this finite resource, as well as potential changes in future climate in this region, a detailed understanding of both water quantity and quality is required to use this resource sustainably. This paper provides a comprehensive assessment of the water quality status, both microbial and chemical, of urban groundwater in SSA across a range of hydrogeological terrains and different groundwater point types. Lower storage basement terrains, which underlie a significant proportion of urban centres in SSA, are particularly vulnerable to contamination. The relationship between mean nitrate concentration and intrinsic aquifer pollution risk is assessed for urban centres across SSA. Current knowledge gaps are identified and future research needs highlighted.

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Section: Nitrate and Chloridementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ammonium and Phosphatementioning

confidence: 99%

Urban groundwater quality in sub-Saharan Africa: current status and implications for water security and public health

et al. 2017

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“…Geologically, Uyo belongs to the area classified as coastal plain sands known as the Benin formation [5]. The Benin formation is the upper most unit of the Niger Delta complex and overlies the Agbada formation.…”

Section: The Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Geographic Information System (GIS)in Mapping Groundwater Quality in Uyo, Nigeria

Igboekwe¹,

Akankpo²

2011

IJG

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In recent years there has been serious concern on the deteriorating groundwater quality due to the activities of man. Geographic Information System (GIS), a high performance computer based tool is playing a critical role in water resource management and pollution study. In this work, the GIS software was used to analyze the effects of various data layers (topographic slope, groundwater table variation, soil porosity and land use activities) on the distribution of groundwater pollution in the Nigerian city of Uyo. Spatial variability map of different groundwater quality parameters were generated using interpolation operation in the software. A good correlation exists between some of the pollution indicators (total dissolved solids, TDS and conductiveity, CN, 0.8; chloride and TDS, 0.17 as well as TDS and sulphate, 0.23). The results of spatial variability maps of different groundwater quality parameters indicate an increase in the percentages of pollution levels during the last five years. Cross operation was also used to explain the effects of various data layers viz. topographic slope, groundwater slope, depth to groundwater layer and land use activities on the distribution of groundwater pollution

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“…The potability of groundwater can be contaminated by leachate from dumpsites, salt intrusion, oil spillage, mining activities, sewage (from latrines, underlined petroleum pipes and septic tanks) (Makeig 1982). Dumpsites and latrines are sited without considering the hydrogeological settings of the area, thereby rendering the future of groundwater at risk (Ugbaja and Edet 2004). The widespread use of chemical products, coupled groundwater contamination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of aquifer protective capacity of overburden unit and soil corrosivity in Makurdi, Benue state, Nigeria, using electrical resistivity method

2015

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This paper presents result of 30 vertical electrical soundings carried out in Makurdi, Benue state capital, north-central Nigeria to evaluate aquifer protective capacity and soil corrosivity of overburden units in the study area. This was done using the Schlumberger electrode array to obtain the data and was modelled using computer iteration (Winresist software). The field data gives a resolution with 3-4 geoelectric layers and the observed frequencies in curve types include: 30% of KQ, 16.67% of QH, 6.67% of AA and K, 3.33% of HA, Q and A, 10% of H, KH and HK. Using the longitudinal unit conductance (S), the protective capacities of the study area were classified as 36.67% weak, 10% poor, 40% moderate, and 13.33% as good. The corrosivity ratings of the study area show that 10% is strongly corrosive, 23% moderately corrosive, 37% slightly corrosive, and 30% noncorrosive The results reasonably provide information on areas where industries can be sited and iron pipes can be laid in order to safeguard the hydrological setting for resident's safety in the study area. Regions with moderate/good protective capacity are good sites for locating boreholes. with the disposal of large volumes of waste materials, poses the potential for widely distributed

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Groundwater pollution near shallow waste dumps in Southern Calabar, South-Eastern Nigeria

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Urban groundwater quality in sub-Saharan Africa: current status and implications for water security and public health

Urban groundwater quality in sub-Saharan Africa: current status and implications for water security and public health

Application of Geographic Information System (GIS)in Mapping Groundwater Quality in Uyo, Nigeria

Evaluation of aquifer protective capacity of overburden unit and soil corrosivity in Makurdi, Benue state, Nigeria, using electrical resistivity method

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