Groundwater Temperature Stripes: A Simple Method to Communicate Groundwater Temperature Variations Due to Climate Change

Abstract

As our planet faces the complex challenges of global climate change, understanding and effectively communicating critical environmental indicators have become critical. This study explores the importance of reporting groundwater temperature data as a key component in understanding the broader implications of climate change with the use of new graphical tools. More specifically, the use of the groundwater temperature (GWT) stripes and bi-plots of GWT anomalies vs. time was proposed. For an in-depth examination of this subject, monitoring wells situated in the Piedmont Po plain (NW Italy) were selected, with available daily groundwater temperature data dating back to 2010. All data refer to the groundwater of the shallow unconfined aquifer within alluvial deposits. From the analyses of both GWT stripes and the bi-plot of GWT anomalies vs. time, it was possible to identify a general increase in the positive anomaly, corresponding to an increase in GWT in time in almost all of the monitoring points of the Piedmont plain. Furthermore, the utilisation of GWT stripes demonstrated the capability to effectively portray the trend of the GWT data relative to a specific point in a readily understandable manner, facilitating easy interpretation, especially when communicating to a non-scientific audience. The findings underline the urgent need to improve GWT data search and communication strategies to disseminate valuable information to policy makers, researchers, and society. By illustrating the intricate interplay between groundwater temperature and climate change, this research aims to facilitate informed decision-making and promote a proactive approach towards climate resilience.

How groundwater temperature is affected by climate change: A systematic review

“…Refs. [ 17 , 18 ]). Other effects of groundwater temperature (GWT) variations are also evident, particularly about GW-dependent ecosystems, which have been studied by various authors (e.g.…”

Groundwater Chemical Trends Analyses in the Piedmont Po Plain (NW Italy): Comparison with Groundwater Level Variations (2000–2020)

“…Droughts tend to amplify extreme nitrate concentrations, as widely observed in European rivers and groundwater [13,14], and generally, increase ion concentrations with progressive deterioration of water quality [15,16]. Additionally, the increase in groundwater temperatures in the Piedmont Plain [17,18] could influence groundwater chemistry [19]. Therefore, the different responses of aquifers to climate change result in different resilience capacities [20].…”