Groundwater Water Remediation by Static Diffusion Using Nano‐Zero Valent Metals (Fe0, Cu0, Al0), n‐FeHn+, n‐Fe(OH)x, n‐FeOOH, n‐Fe‐[OxHy](n+/−)

Antia, David D. J.

doi:10.1002/9781118845530.ch1

Cited by 13 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…These reaction series (Equations (C2)-(C4)) demonstrate that e´may act as a catalyst [70,71]. They create the possibility that in a gas-pressured reactor, the initial stages in the removal of NaCl may involve radicals associated with the pressurizing gases, O 2 and CO 2 .…”

Section: C4 Implications Of Surface-based Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both reactants and products associated with this type of reaction are soluble in water [63,70,71]. This type of ion remediation is a characteristic of ZVI redox remediation for organo-halides, nitrates, oxides, hydroxides and sulphur species [26,63,70,71]. Typical ZVI nitrate removal reactions include [63,71]:…”

Section: Appendix C: Reaction Route Group Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A role as a catalyser [65]: The catalyser role releases electrons (e´) and Fe n+ ions into the environment [65,70]. The released electrons catalyse a variety of remediation reactions within the water [70,71].…”

Section: B2 Direct Catalytic Reaction With Zvimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Redox reactions include reactions where the dominant ion adduct, or ions, are controlled by the Eh and pH of the water [63,70,71]. Both reactants and products associated with this type of reaction are soluble in water [63,70,71].…”

Section: Appendix C: Reaction Route Group Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cessation of O 2 gas charging may partially reverse the reaction and may be associated with a pH reduction and/or Eh change [2,63,70]. [78][79][80].…”

Section: C6 Pressurization By Omentioning

confidence: 99%

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ZVI (Fe0) Desalination: Stability of Product Water

Antia¹

2016

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A batch-operated ZVI (zero valent iron) desalination reactor will be able to partially desalinate water. This water can be stored in an impoundment, reservoir or tank, prior to use for irrigation. Commercial development of this technology requires assurance that the partially-desalinated product water will not resalinate, while it is in storage. This study has used direct ion analyses to confirm that the product water from a gas-pressured ZVI desalination reactor maintains a stable salinity in storage over a period of 1-2.5 years. Two-point-three-litre samples of the feed water (2-10.68 g (Na + + Cl´)¨L´1) and product water (0.1-5.02 g (Na + + Cl´)¨L´1) from 21 trials were placed in storage at ambient (non-isothermal) temperatures (which fluctuated between´10 and 25˝C), for a period of 1-2.5 years. The ion concentrations (Na + and Cl´) of the stored feed water and product water were then reanalysed. The ion analyses of the stored water samples demonstrated: (i) that the product water salinity (Na + and Cl´) remains unchanged in storage; and (ii) the Na:Cl molar ratios can be lower in the product water than the feed water. The significance of the results is discussed in terms of the various potential desalination routes. These trial data are supplemented with the results from 122 trials to demonstrate that: (i) reactivity does not decline with successive batches; (ii) the process is catalytic; and (iii) the process involves a number of steps.

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Section: C4 Implications Of Surface-based Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix C: Reaction Route Group Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B2 Direct Catalytic Reaction With Zvimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix C: Reaction Route Group Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cessation of O 2 gas charging may partially reverse the reaction and may be associated with a pH reduction and/or Eh change [2,63,70]. [78][79][80].…”

Section: C6 Pressurization By Omentioning

confidence: 99%

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ZVI (Fe0) Desalination: Stability of Product Water

Antia¹

2016

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No Scientific Debate in the Zero‐Valent Iron Literature

Noubactep¹

2016

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Since the 1930s, the modern science of aqueous iron corrosion has been established by scientists like J. O'M. Bockris, M. Cohen, U. R. Evans, Y. M. Kolotrykin, G. Okamoto, M. Pourbaix, H. H. Uhlig, or K. J. Vetter. Yet, the electrochemical nature of aqueous iron corrosion is seriously questioned by flawed science. Especially, metallic iron (Fe0) was mistakenly introduced in the 1990s as an environmental reducing agent. Fe0 was then successfully used in subsurface permeable reactive barriers to treat contaminated groundwater. This commentary recalls that observed contaminant degradation/reduction is not the cathodic reaction simultaneous to iron oxidative dissolution. It is concluded that the Fe0 remediation community is working against creativity and innovation.

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Partial Desalination of Saline Irrigation Water Using [FexOy(OH)z(H2O)m)n+/−]

Antia¹

2017

Handbook of Ecomaterials

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Groundwater Water Remediation by Static Diffusion Using Nano‐Zero Valent Metals (Fe⁰, Cu⁰, Al⁰), n‐FeHⁿ⁺, n‐Fe(OH)_x, n‐FeOOH, n‐Fe‐[O_xH_y]^(n+/−)

Cited by 13 publications

References 132 publications

ZVI (Fe0) Desalination: Stability of Product Water

ZVI (Fe0) Desalination: Stability of Product Water

No Scientific Debate in the Zero‐Valent Iron Literature

Partial Desalination of Saline Irrigation Water Using [FexOy(OH)z(H2O)m)n+/−]

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