Group and sex differences in social cognition in bipolar disorder, schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder and healthy people

Navarra-Ventura, Guillem; Vicent-Gil, Muriel; Serra-Blasco, M.; Massons, Carmen; Crosas, Josep; Cobo, Jesús; Jubert, Abigail; Jódar, Mercé; Fernández-Gonzalo, Sol; Goldberg, Ximena; Palao, Diego; Lahera, Guillermo; Vieta, Eduard; Cardoner, Narcı́s

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152258

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…As to social cognition, in our study women showed an advantage in FEIT and TASIT with respect to men in the group of patients; the difference only approached statistical significance. In our sample of healthy controls, this advantage was limited to the FEIT, was statistically significant and in line with previous studies reporting an advantage in women in the general population on emotion recognition (Hall et al, 2004;Vaskinn et al, 2007;Alaerts et al, 2011;Navarra-Ventura et al, 2021). Non conclusive data have been reported so far on this topic, as a disadvantage in men vs. women on social cognition has been found in some studies, mainly for emotion perception (Vaskinn et al, 2007;Erol et al, 2013), but not confirmed in others (Pinkham et al, 2017;Navarra-Ventura et al, 2018).…”

Section: Tablesupporting

confidence: 89%

Sex and gender differences in clinical and functional indices in subjects with schizophrenia and healthy controls: Data from the baseline and 4-year follow-up studies of the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses

Bucci,

Giordano,

Mucci

et al. 2023

Schizophrenia Research

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Section: Tablesupporting

confidence: 89%

Sex and gender differences in clinical and functional indices in subjects with schizophrenia and healthy controls: Data from the baseline and 4-year follow-up studies of the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses

Bucci,

Giordano,

Mucci

et al. 2023

Schizophrenia Research

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“…These differences have been found in individuals with schizophrenia. Males tend to show a higher incidence of the disorder, an earlier age at onset, poorer premorbid adjustment, higher rates of substance abuse, worse psychosocial functioning, and a more severe course of the disease, especially in negative symptoms, while in the FEP group mixed results have been found ( 14 , 62 ). In addition, males with psychosis require higher doses of antipsychotic than females ( 21 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The neurodevelopmental model of SZ posits that the illness is the end stage of abnormal neurodevelopmental processes that began years before the onset of the illness ( 63 ). Within this theoretical framework, an attempt to describe relationships between sex/gender and indicators of neurodevelopment compromise in SZ has been made, but no associations regarding sex were found ( 62 ). In SZ, sex differences have been found, were men tend to show a higher incidence of the disorder, an earlier age at onset, poorer premorbid adjustment, higher rates of substance abuse, worse psychosocial functioning, and a more severe course of the disease, especially in negative symptoms ( 14 , 62 , 66 ) while in the FEP group mixed results have been found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of clinical and neurocognitive factors in psychosocial functioning after a first episode non-affective psychosis: differences between males and females

Serra-Navarro

Amoretti²,

Verdolini³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundDeficits in psychosocial functioning are present in the early stages of psychosis. Several factors, such as premorbid adjustment, neurocognitive performance, and cognitive reserve (CR), potentially influence functionality. Sex differences are observed in individuals with psychosis in multiple domains. Nonetheless, few studies have explored the predictive factors of poor functioning according to sex in first-episode psychosis (FEP). This study aimed to explore sex differences, examine changes, and identify predictors of functioning according to sex after onset.Materials and methodsThe initial sample comprised 588 individuals. However, only adults with non-affective FEP (n = 247, 161 males and 86 females) and healthy controls (n = 224, 142 males and 82 females) were included. A comprehensive assessment including functional, neuropsychological, and clinical scales was performed at baseline and at 2-year follow-up. A linear regression model was used to determine the predictors of functioning at 2-year follow-up.ResultsFEP improved their functionality at follow-up (67.4% of both males and females). In males, longer duration of untreated psychosis (β = 0.328, p = 0.003) and worse premorbid adjustment (β = 0.256, p = 0.023) were associated with impaired functioning at 2-year follow-up, while in females processing speed (β = 0.403, p = 0.003), executive function (β = 0.299, p = 0.020) and CR (β = −0.307, p = 0.012) were significantly associated with functioning.ConclusionOur data indicate that predictors of functioning at 2-year follow-up in the FEP group differ according to sex. Therefore, treatment and preventative efforts may be adjusted taking sex into account. Males may benefit from functional remediation at early stages. Conversely, in females, early interventions centered on CR enhancement and cognitive rehabilitation may be recommended.

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“…These differences can be explained by the effect of estrogen. In the healthy individuals, females have higher ToM (Baron-Cohen et al, 2005;Navarra-Ventura et al, 2021) and lower hostility bias (Baron-Cohen, 2004;Combs et al, 2007;Runions and Keating, 2007). Lower estrogen is associated with lower ToM (Oldershaw et al, 2010;Abu-Akel and Bo, 2013) and higher Hostility (Riecher-Rossler and Kulkarni, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lastly, factors affecting neurocognition and social cognition were examined, including age, disease duration, years of education, estimated pre-morbid IQ, and psychiatric symptoms (Pinkham et al, 2017;Chen et al, 2021;Navarra-Ventura et al, 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Social Cognition and Association of Social Cognition and Neurocognition in Early Course Schizophrenia

et al. 2022

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BackgroundBoth impairment and sex differences in social cognition and neurocognition have been documented in schizophrenia. However, whether sex differences exist in the association between social cognition and neurocognition are not known. We aimed to investigate the contribution of areas of neurocognition to theory of mind (ToM) and hostility bias, representing social cognition, according to sex in early course schizophrenia.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we assessed neurocognition using the Japanese version of the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) and assessed the ToM and hostility bias subdomains of social cognition using the Social Cognition Screening Questionnaire (SCSQ) in 131 participants (65 female, 66 male) diagnosed with schizophrenia within 5 years of onset. Sex differences were analyzed using t-tests. The associations of neurocognitive subdomains with ToM and hostility bias according to sex were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results were adjusted by age, estimated premorbid intelligence quotient, and symptomatology.ResultsNo sex differences were found in ToM (p = 0.071) or hostility bias (p = 0.057). Higher verbal fluency was significantly associated with higher ToM in females (p < 0.01), whereas higher executive function was significantly associated with higher ToM in males (p < 0.05). Higher verbal fluency was significantly associated with lower hostility bias in females (p < 0.05), whereas neurocognition and hostility bias were not significantly associated in males.ConclusionThe results suggest that neurocognition associated with social cognition differ according to sex. These differences should be considered for more effective treatment of social cognition.

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Group and sex differences in social cognition in bipolar disorder, schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder and healthy people

Cited by 19 publications

References 70 publications

Sex and gender differences in clinical and functional indices in subjects with schizophrenia and healthy controls: Data from the baseline and 4-year follow-up studies of the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses

Sex and gender differences in clinical and functional indices in subjects with schizophrenia and healthy controls: Data from the baseline and 4-year follow-up studies of the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses

Influence of clinical and neurocognitive factors in psychosocial functioning after a first episode non-affective psychosis: differences between males and females

Sex Differences in Social Cognition and Association of Social Cognition and Neurocognition in Early Course Schizophrenia

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