Group B<i>Streptococcus</i>Colonization in Male and Nonpregnant Female University Students: A Cross‐Sectional Prevalence Study

Bliss, Sandra J.; Manning, Shannon D.; Tallman, Patricia; Baker, Carol J.; Pearlman, Mark D.; Marrs, Carl F.; Foxman, Betsy

doi:10.1086/338258

Cited by 97 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We used the following GBS control strains (serotypes in parentheses): A909 (Ia), DK14 (Ib), DK23 (II), COH1 (III), CNCTC 1/82 (IV), CNCTC 10/84 (V), NT6 (VI), 87-603 (VII), and JM9 (VIII) (C. E. Rubens collection) (9). We tested 291 GBS isolates from four collections obtained from previous epidemiologic studies; these isolates were obtained from 76 symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women seen at a University of Michigan Medical Center clinic between August 1999 and March 2000 (19), 191 nonpregnant female and male students enrolled at the University of Michigan (3,20,21), and 24 neonates from Houston with early-onset GBS disease between January 1993 and December 1996 (32). Fifteen additional isolates obtained specifically for validating gene probes were used to detect serotype IV (N ϭ 9) (1 isolate previously referenced in the literature) (30), VII (N ϭ 1) (provided by C. J. Baker), or VIII (N ϭ 5) (provided by L. C. Madoff) (17) isolates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the United States, serotypes III and Ia are most commonly associated with GBS disease in neonates and infants (11) and in pregnant women (7). Since its emergence in the early 1990s, serotype V has become the primary cause of GBS infection in nonpregnant adults and also causes significant morbidity in infants and pregnant women (3,10,11). In the future, vaccination may protect individuals from GBS disease (2), but to be effective, it must include the more virulent serotypes in circulation in the target population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparison of DNA Dot Blot Hybridization and Lancefield Capillary Precipitin Methods for Group B Streptococcal Capsular Typing

et al. 2004

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Group B streptococci (GBS) (Streptococcus agalactiae) are a major cause of sepsis and meningitis in neonates and infants and of invasive disease in pregnant women, nonpregnant, presumably immunocompromised adults, and the elderly. Nine GBS serotypes based on capsular polysaccharide antigens have been described. The serotype distributions among invasive and colonizing isolates differ between pediatric and adult populations and have changed over time. Thus, periodic monitoring of GBS serotype distributions is necessary to ensure the proper formulation and application of an appropriate GBS vaccine for human use and to detect the emergence of novel serotypes. Since the mid-1990s, the proportion of GBS isolates that are nontypeable by standard serologic methods has increased, creating a need for more sensitive typing methods. We describe a typing method that uses DNA dot blot hybridization with probes generated by PCR from the GBS capsular genes for serotypes Ia, Ib, and II to VIII. PCR primers were designed to amplify type-specific GBS capsular gene sequences. Gene probes were constructed from the PCR products and used to classify isolates based on hybridization profiles. A total of 306 previously serotyped invasive and colonizing isolates were used to compare our dot blot capsular typing (DBCT) identification method with Lancefield serotyping (LS). A dot blot capsular type was assigned to 99% (303 of 306) of the isolates, whereas 273 of 306 isolates (89%) were assigned a Lancefield serotype. The overall agreement between the methods was 95% (256 of 270 isolates typeable by both methods). We conclude that the DBCT method is a specific and useful alternative to the commonly used LS method.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of DNA Dot Blot Hybridization and Lancefield Capillary Precipitin Methods for Group B Streptococcal Capsular Typing

et al. 2004

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Maternal GBS colonization is a main risk factor for neonatal disease, and roughly 20 to 40% of pregnant women are colonized (14,23). Colonization rates of up to 31% and 34% have been documented in young men (4) and nonpregnant women (4,42), respectively, whereas a rate of 22% has been observed in individuals over 65 years of age (18). GBS has also been identified as the cause of bovine mastitis in up to 45% of symptomatic bovines (30).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection, Recombination, and Virulence Gene Diversity among Group B Streptococcal Genotypes

Springman

Lacher²,

et al. 2009

J Bacteriol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Transmission of group B Streptococcus (GBS) from mothers to neonates during childbirth is a leading cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. Although subtyping tools have identified specific GBS phylogenetic lineages that are important in neonatal disease, little is known about the genetic diversity of these lineages or the roles that recombination and selection play in the generation of emergent genotypes. Here, we examined genetic variation, selection, and recombination in seven multilocus sequence typing (MLST) loci from 94 invasive, colonizing, and bovine strains representing 38 GBS sequence types and performed DNA sequencing and PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of several putative virulence genes to identify gene content differences between genotypes. Despite the low level of diversity in the MLST loci, a neighbor net analysis revealed a variable range of genetic exchange among the seven clonal complexes (CCs) identified, suggesting that recombination is partly responsible for the diversity observed between genotypes. Recombination is also important for several virulence genes, as some gene alleles had evidence for lateral gene exchange across divergent genotypes. The CC-17 lineage, which is associated with neonatal disease, is relatively homogeneous and therefore appears to have diverged independently with an exclusive set of virulence characteristics. These data suggest that different GBS genetic backgrounds have distinct virulence gene profiles that may be important for disease pathogenesis. Such profiles could be used as markers for the rapid detection of strains with an increased propensity to cause neonatal disease and may be considered useful vaccine targets.Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis (51) and causes infections in pregnant women, nonpregnant adults, and the elderly with underlying medical conditions. Maternal GBS colonization is a main risk factor for neonatal disease, and roughly 20 to 40% of pregnant women are colonized (14, 23). Colonization rates of up to 31% and 34% have been documented in young men (4) and nonpregnant women (4, 42), respectively, whereas a rate of 22% has been observed in individuals over 65 years of age (18). GBS has also been identified as the cause of bovine mastitis in up to 45% of symptomatic bovines (30). Nine distinct polysaccharide capsule types (serotypes) are known, and the serotype distribution varies by population.The genetic diversity of GBS populations has been studied using a variety of different methods, including restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) (24), ribotyping (5, 25), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (49), multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) (45), random amplification of polymorphic DNA (36), restriction digestion pattern (RDP) typing (53), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) (28). By utilizing methods that focus on conserved genetic changes within GBS strains, virulent GBS clones that have diversified genetically can be identified. Both MLEE an...

show abstract

“…These, however, generally have limited accuracy and applicability, are expensive, and result in numerous (ϳ2 to 18%) nontypeable (NT) isolates (3,4,12). Genotypic methods, including PCR and sequencing of serotype-specific gene fragments within the cps genes (8, 18), DNA dot blot hybridization (5), and PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses (24), utilize genetic polymorphisms in the capsular polysaccharide synthesis (cps) gene cluster to classify GBS strains into the corresponding serotypes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Polymorphism and Molecular Subtyping of the Capsular Gene Cluster of Group B Streptococcus

Manning

Lacher²,

Davies

et al. 2005

J Clin Microbiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Serotyping and other phenotypic methods are often used to characterize the capsular polysaccharide of group B streptococci (GBS). We describe a capsular genotyping method that utilizes PCR of capsular polysaccharide synthesis genes (cps) and restriction enzyme digestion. This method facilitates the detection of DNA polymorphism in cps genes and correlates well with serotyping.Group B streptococci (GBS; Streptococcus agalactiae), although generally carried asymptomatically, can cause invasive disease in newborns, pregnant women, and immunocompromised adults. A crucial factor in GBS virulence is the production of an antigenically variable polysaccharide capsule, also used for strain typing. Certain serotypes of the nine known types (Ia, Ib, and II to VIII) are more prevalent in invasive disease, e.g., serotypes Ia, II, and III, and, since the early 1990s, serotype V (2,4,13,16,29).Because of the role of capsule in GBS virulence, several phenotypic methods have been devised for serotyping, including the Lancefield capillary precipitin method (19), the predominant serotyping scheme, latex agglutination (22, 25), coagglutination (15), double immunodiffusion (17), and enzyme immunoassays (1). These, however, generally have limited accuracy and applicability, are expensive, and result in numerous (ϳ2 to 18%) nontypeable (NT) isolates (3,4,12). Genotypic methods, including PCR and sequencing of serotype-specific gene fragments within the cps genes (8, 18), DNA dot blot hybridization (5), and PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses (24), utilize genetic polymorphisms in the capsular polysaccharide synthesis (cps) gene cluster to classify GBS strains into the corresponding serotypes. Genotypic methods complement phenotypic approaches and avoid problems of unreliable capsule expression, NT phenotypes, and new antigenic variants. Here, we evaluate a new PCR-based method that utilizes RFLP of the cps cluster to detect DNA polymorphisms in the cps cluster.The cps cluster comprises genes cpsA- O, cpsR, cpsS, and cpsY (6, 8, 28

show abstract

Group BStreptococcusColonization in Male and Nonpregnant Female University Students: A Cross‐Sectional Prevalence Study

Cited by 97 publications

References 7 publications

Comparison of DNA Dot Blot Hybridization and Lancefield Capillary Precipitin Methods for Group B Streptococcal Capsular Typing

Comparison of DNA Dot Blot Hybridization and Lancefield Capillary Precipitin Methods for Group B Streptococcal Capsular Typing

Selection, Recombination, and Virulence Gene Diversity among Group B Streptococcal Genotypes

DNA Polymorphism and Molecular Subtyping of the Capsular Gene Cluster of Group B Streptococcus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About