Group B streptococcus prevalence, serotype distribution and colonization dynamics in Western Australian pregnant women

Furfaro, Lucy; Nathan, Elizabeth; Chang, Barbara J.; Payne, Matthew S.

doi:10.1099/jmm.0.000980

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Antenatal isolates were collected upon written consent as part of a larger cohort study, Predict1000, which was approved by the Women and Newborn Health Service Human Research Ethics Committee (201535EW). This study was conducted at King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, the largest Tertiary Obstetrics Hospital in WA, over 2015–2017 [4]. The majority of the participants included in this study resided in the broader Perth and surrounding areas, however, rural participants were also represented in this cohort (n = 4).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, serotype III, most commonly associated with invasive disease, had an overall global prevalence rate of 25% of colonised women, yet in Central America and South-Eastern Asia the prevalence rate was less than half this at 11% and 12%, respectively. In addition, Dutra et al [3] documented regional variation in circulating GBS serotypes in Brazil highlighting the importance of documenting population dynamics at a local level, such as in WA, where we recently described the first data on circulating GBS capsular genotypes [2–4]. However, although knowledge of capsule (CPS) serotype is of significant importance for formulating vaccines that target the S .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic characterisation of perinatal Western Australian Streptococcus agalactiae isolates

et al. 2019

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As a leading cause of neonatal sepsis, Streptococcus agalactiae, commonly known as Group B Streptococcus, is a major neonatal pathogen. Current global screening practices employ risk- or culture-based protocols for detection of these organisms. In Western Australia (WA), universal culture-based screening is provided, with subsequent intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for all S. agalactiae-positive women during labour. Widespread antibiotic exposure is not ideal and this is one of the factors driving development of vaccines against S. agalactiae. Vaccine candidates have focused on the capsule, surface proteins and pilus types, however, capsule serotypes are known to vary geographically. The aim of this study was to use genome sequencing to gain an understanding of the circulating genotypes in WA, and to assess variations in the associated gene pools. We sequenced 141 antenatal carriage (vaginal/rectal) isolates and 10 neonatal invasive disease isolates from WA. Based on the global PubMLST database, the 151 strains were characterised into 30 sequence types, with clustering of these mainly into clonal complexes 1, 12, 17, 19 and 23. Of the genes encoding eleven surface proteins that were analysed, the most prevalent were fbp, lmb and scpB which were present in ≥ 98% of isolates. A cluster of non-haemolytic isolates, one of which was a neonatal invasive disease isolate, appeared to lack the entire cyl locus. Admixture analysis of population structure revealed evidence of genetic transfer among the WA isolates across structural groups. When compared against the PubMLST S. agalactiae data, WA isolates showed high levels of strain diversity with minimal apparent clustering. This is the first whole genome sequence study of WA S. agalactiae isolates and also represents the first addition of Australian isolate data to PubMLST. This report provides insight into the distribution and diversity of vaccine targets of S. agalactiae within Western Australia, indicating that the most appropriate capsular vaccine for this population would be the proposed pentavalent (Cps Ia, Ib, II, III and V) preparation, whilst vaccines targeting surface proteins should ideally utilise Fbp, Lmb and/or ScpB.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic characterisation of perinatal Western Australian Streptococcus agalactiae isolates

et al. 2019

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“…[64][65][66]69 These are important considerations, as administration of antibiotics during labour and delivery is a common practice. IAP is administered to all mothers delivering by caesarean section (CS; 34% of births in Australia 114 ), all mothers who deliver vaginally and are vaginally or rectally colonised with group B streptococcus (20%-24% of births in Australia [115][116][117], as well as all mothers who experience prolonged rupture of membranes. Combined, these prophylactic interventions result may place a significant portion of the population at risk of early-life dysbiosis and associated later-life diseases.…”

Section: Early-life Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of the early-life microbiome: a DOHaD perspective

Stinson

2019

J Dev Orig Health Dis

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The human microbiome plays a number of critical roles in host physiology. Evidence from longitudinal cohort studies and animal models strongly supports the theory that maldevelopment of the microbiome in early life can programme later-life disease. The early-life microbiome develops in a clear stepwise manner over the first 3 years of life. During this highly dynamic time, insults such as antibiotic use and formula feeding can adversely affect the composition and temporal development of the microbiome. Such experiences predispose infants for the development of chronic health conditions later in life. This review highlights key factors that disrupt the early-life microbiome and highlights major non-communicable diseases which are underpinned by early-life dysbiosis.

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“…In neonates, GBS causes early-onset (sepsis and pneumonia within the first 7 days of life) and late-onset disease (meningitis and sepsis between 7 days and 3 months of age) (Wilkinson, 1978 ). The greatest risk factor is maternal colonization, and rates vary according to geography [for example, rates of ~12% in South and East Asian countries, compared to ~35% in the Caribbean (Russell et al, 2017a )], ethnicity, sexual activity, and socioeconomic status (Furfaro et al, 2019 ). In Australia, maternal colonization rates of 19–27% have been reported (Gilbert et al, 2002 ; Hiller et al, 2005 ; Furfaro et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Virulence Determinants of Group B Streptococcus in an Australian Setting

et al. 2022

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Streptococcus agalactiae [group B Streptococcus (GBS)] is a major neonatal pathogen and also causes invasive disease in non-pregnant adults. One hundred GBS isolates (n = 50 invasive disease and n = 50 colonizing pregnant women) were characterized using capsular serotyping by latex agglutination, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and whole genome sequencing (WGS). All isolates were susceptible to penicillin, 32% were resistant to clindamycin. Of these, two isolates had reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone (MIC 0.75 mg/L) and were found to have unique alleles at pbp2X and pbp1A. Capsular serotypes Ia (18%), III (18%), Ib (14%), V (12%), and VI (11%) were most common and comparison of latex agglutination and capsular genotyping by WGS showed 71% agreement. Less common capsular genotypes VI–VIII represented 15% of isolates, indicating that a significant proportion may not be targeted by the proposed pentavalent or hexavalent vaccines under development. WGS is a useful aid in GBS surveillance and shows correlation to phenotypic serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility data.

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Group B streptococcus prevalence, serotype distribution and colonization dynamics in Western Australian pregnant women

Cited by 15 publications

References 42 publications

Genomic characterisation of perinatal Western Australian Streptococcus agalactiae isolates

Genomic characterisation of perinatal Western Australian Streptococcus agalactiae isolates

Establishment of the early-life microbiome: a DOHaD perspective

Epidemiology, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Virulence Determinants of Group B Streptococcus in an Australian Setting

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