Group G Streptococcal Bacteremia in Jerusalem

Cohen-Poradosu, Ronit; Jaffe, Joseph; Lavi, David; Grisariu-Greenzaid, Sigal; Nir-Paz, Ran; Valinsky, Lea; Dan-Goor, Mary; Block, Colin; Beall, Bernard; Moses, Allon E.

doi:10.3201/eid1008.030840

Cited by 108 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Fifty-two patients were men (53.6z), with a M:W gender ratio of 1.16:1. There was a higher prevalence of GGS than GCS, which agreed with a study from Denmark (4), and there were more adults than children in this study, which was also in agreement with a previous report (1).…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

“…Group C and group G b-hemolytic streptococci (GCS/GGS) can cause severe infections, including bacteremia (1,2), and a broad spectrum of illnesses (e.g., pulmonary infections, arthritis, skin and soft tissue infections, endocarditis, urinary tract infections, and meningitis) (1,3). Increasing numbers of GGS infections have been reported in the USA (3) and Denmark (4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing numbers of GGS infections have been reported in the USA (3) and Denmark (4). GCS/GGS share virulence factors with group A streptococci (GAS); among the M protein, which is expressed on the outer surfaces of these organisms (1,2) and inhibits phagocytosis (1). M proteins of GAS and GGS isolated from humans with infections have similar biological, immunochemical, and structural features, and they are encoded by emm and emmL (emm -like) genes (1,(5)(6)(7)(8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GCS/GGS share virulence factors with group A streptococci (GAS); among the M protein, which is expressed on the outer surfaces of these organisms (1,2) and inhibits phagocytosis (1). M proteins of GAS and GGS isolated from humans with infections have similar biological, immunochemical, and structural features, and they are encoded by emm and emmL (emm -like) genes (1,(5)(6)(7)(8). The M protein of GAS exhibits a high degree of heterogeneity due to a variable amino acid sequence in the N-terminus, and more than 150 M types have been identified based on emm typing of the nucleotide sequence in the hypervariable 5 ?…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of the M Protein Gene in Group C and Group G Streptococci Isolated from Patients in Thailand

et al. 2017

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SUMMARY:We surveyed group C and group G b-hemolytic streptococci for emm and emmL (emm -like) genes which encode the M protein, as well as determined their antimicrobial susceptibilities. A total of 97 isolates 79 GCS/GGS isolates and 18 isolates from other groups were tested for the M protein gene by PCR. Focusing on invasive infections with group A (GAS), group C (GCS), and group G (GGS) b-hemolytic streptococci isolated from blood, the M protein gene was found in 90.0z, 84.6z, and 78.3z of isolates, respectively. The hypervariable N terminal region of the emm was sequenced from 62 isolates, and 26 types of the emm gene were identified. Based on these results, type emm222.2 may be endemic to Thailand. The results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing of groups C, G, and non-groups A to G isolates indicated high susceptibility (range 82-100z) to penicillin, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, erythromycin, linezolid, ofloxacin, and vancomycin, whereas the isolates showed low susceptibility (range 0-15.6z) to tetracycline.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of the M Protein Gene in Group C and Group G Streptococci Isolated from Patients in Thailand

et al. 2017

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“…equisimilis strains having group A antigen rather than group C or G antigen have also been reported (Bert & Lambert-Zechovsky, 1997;Brandt et al, 1999;Katsukawa et al, 2002). Many recent studies have reported that this organism causes invasive and systemic streptococcal infections like GAS (Natoli et al, 1996;Wagner et al, 1996; Hirose et al, 1997; Kugi et al, 1998;Barnham et al, 2002;Cohen-Poradosu et al, 2004;Hashikawa et al, 2004). The organism has also been reported to cause a wide variety of human infections such as pharyngitis, cellulitis, sepsis, meningitis and endocarditis (Woo et al, 2001).…”

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confidence: 97%

Molecular emm genotyping and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis isolated from invasive and non-invasive infections

Sunaoshi

Murayama

Adachi

et al. 2010

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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To analyse the characteristics of infections caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis, clinical isolates (n5145) were collected at 11 medical institutions between September 2003 and October 2005. These isolates belonged to Lancefield group A (n55), group C (n518) or group G (n5122). Among all isolates, 42 strains were isolated from sterile samples such as blood, synovial fluid and tissue specimens from patients who were mostly over 50 years with invasive infections, and included seven cases of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis. In contrast, the remaining 103 were isolated mainly from patients of all age groups with non-invasive infections such as pharyngotonsillitis. These isolates were classified into 25 types based on emm genotyping. A significant difference in emm types was observed between isolates from invasive and non-invasive infections (P,0.001): stG485, stG6792 and stG2078 predominated among isolates from invasive infections. A phylogenetic tree of complete open reading frames of emm genes in this organism showed high homology with those of Streptococcus pyogenes, but not with those of other streptococci. The presence of five different clones was estimated based on DNA profiles of isolates from invasive infections obtained by PFGE. Genes for resistance to macrolides [erm(A), three isolates; erm(B), five isolates; mef(A), seven isolates] and levofloxacin (mutations in gyrA and parC, four isolates) were identified in this organism. These results suggest the need for further nationwide surveillance of invasive infections caused by S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis. INTRODUCTIONMost b-haemolytic streptococcal pathogens isolated from humans are identified as Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci; GAS), Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococci; GBS), Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and species of the anginosus group that belong to Lancefield groups A, B, C, G or F (Facklam, 2002;Ruoff et al., 2003). In contrast to GAS and GBS, which are known to cause serious and systemic invasive infections, streptococci with Lancefield group C or G antigens were long considered to be commensal organisms that only rarely caused invasive infections as opportunistic pathogens.In 1996, S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis was proposed as a new streptococcal taxon (Vandamme et al., 1996). Although rare, S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis strains having group A antigen rather than group C or G antigen have also been reported (Bert & Lambert-Zechovsky, 1997;Brandt et al., 1999;Katsukawa et al., 2002 Notably, S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis possesses many virulence factors shared with GAS, such as M protein (Fischetti, 1989; Schnitzler et al., 1995), streptolysin O (Gerlach et al., 1993Okumura et al., 1994), streptolysin S (Humar et al., 2002 and streptokinase (Walter et al., 1989;Ikebe et al., 2004). It has been suggested that these factors were transmitted from GAS to this species (Kalia et al., 2001).In the present report, we have described S. dysgalactiae ...

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β‐Haemolytic Streptococci

Efstratiou¹,

Sriskandan

Lamagni

et al. 2006

Principles and Practice of Clinical Bacteriology

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Group G Streptococcal Bacteremia in Jerusalem

Abstract: Recurrent group G Steptococcus bacteremia, associated with lymphatic disorders and possibly emm stG 840.0, is described.

Cited by 108 publications

References 48 publications

Prevalence of the M Protein Gene in Group C and Group G Streptococci Isolated from Patients in Thailand

Prevalence of the M Protein Gene in Group C and Group G Streptococci Isolated from Patients in Thailand

Molecular emm genotyping and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis isolated from invasive and non-invasive infections

β‐Haemolytic Streptococci

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