“…It was found that many new physical properties were found in Janus structures due to the breaking of the mirror symmetry structure. 30,34 In addition, the vertical asymmetry in the Janus structure also gave rise to an intrinsic built-in electric eld, which leads to difference in the vacuum levels between the two sides of the Janus monolayers. 31,35 In this study, we deal with the structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of Janus GeSnX 2 (X ¼ S, Se, Te) single-layers by mean of density functional theory (DFT).…”