“…Degradation-based models are established by use of the degradation measurements, which are monitored during system operation (Alaswad and Xiang, 2017;Do et al, 2015;Mo and Xie, 2015). In addition, the degradation-based models are able to characterize the physical failure mechanism and investigate the influence of environmental variations on system degradation processes (Cherkaoui et al, 2018;Deloux et al, 2016;Xu et al, 2019). Degradation-based models have been widely employed to analyze reliability of real systems, e.g., micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) (Song et al, 2014;Skima et al, 2016), hard disk devices (Ye et al, 2013), and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) (Peng and Tseng, 2009).…”