Growing a ‘cosmic beast’: observations and simulations of MACS J0717.5+3745

Jauzac, Mathilde; Eckert, D.; Schaller, Matthieu; Schwinn, Johannes; Massey, Richard; Bahé, Yannick M.; Baugh, C. M.; Barnes, David J.; Vecchia, Claudio Dalla; Ebeling, H.; Harvey, David; Jullo, Eric; Kay, Scott T.; Kneib, Jean-Paul; Limousin, M.; Medezinski, Elinor; Natarajan, Priyamvada; Nonino, M.; Robertson, Andrew; Tam, Sut-Ieng; Umetsu, Keiichi

doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2366

Cited by 40 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 137 publications

(240 reference statements)

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“…MACS 0717 -MACS 0717 is another complex merging cluster. At z = 0.545, it is the most massive cluster known at z > 0.5 (Edge et al 2003;Ebeling et al 2004Ebeling et al , 2007Jauzac et al 2018). Its core contains four massive merging components (Ma et al 2009;Limousin et al 2012), surrounded by seven more substructures at projected radii between 1.6 and 4.9 Mpc (Jauzac et al 2018).…”

Section: Spatial Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At z = 0.545, it is the most massive cluster known at z > 0.5 (Edge et al 2003;Ebeling et al 2004Ebeling et al , 2007Jauzac et al 2018). Its core contains four massive merging components (Ma et al 2009;Limousin et al 2012), surrounded by seven more substructures at projected radii between 1.6 and 4.9 Mpc (Jauzac et al 2018). It also hosts a filament extending a projected distance of ∼4.5 Mpc to the southeast, with a true length of ∼18 Mpc, feeding mass into the cluster core from behind (Ebeling et al 2004;Jauzac et al 2012).…”

Section: Spatial Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Distribution of Ultra-diffuse and Ultra-compact Galaxies in the Frontier Fields

Janssens

Abraham

Brodie

et al. 2019

ApJ

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Large low surface brightness galaxies have recently been found to be abundant in nearby galaxy clusters. In this paper, we investigate these ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in the six Hubble Frontier Fields galaxy clusters: Abell 2744, MACSJ0416.1−2403, MACSJ0717.5+3745, MACSJ1149.5+2223, Abell S1063 and Abell 370. These are the most massive (1-3 × 10 15 M ) and distant (0.308 < z < 0.545) systems in which this class of galaxy has yet been discovered. We estimate that the clusters host of the order of ∼200-1400 UDGs inside the virial radius (R 200 ), consistent with the UDG abundance halo-mass relation found in the local universe, and suggests that UDGs may be formed in clusters. Within each cluster, however, we find that UDGs are not evenly distributed. Instead their projected spatial distributions are lopsided, and they are deficient in the regions of highest mass density as traced by gravitational lensing. While the deficiency of UDGs in central regions is not surprising, the lopsidedness is puzzling. The UDGs, and their lopsided spatial distributions, may be associated with known substructures late in their infall into the clusters, meaning that we find evidence both for formation of UDGs in clusters and for UDGs falling into clusters. We also investigate the ultracompact dwarfs (UCDs) residing in the clusters, and find the spatial distributions of UDGs and UCDs appear anti-correlated. Around 15% of UDGs exhibit either compact nuclei or nearby point sources. Taken together, these observations provide additional evidence for a picture in which at least some UDGs are destroyed in dense cluster environments and leave behind a residue of UCDs.

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Section: Spatial Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spatial Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distribution of Ultra-diffuse and Ultra-compact Galaxies in the Frontier Fields

Janssens

Abraham

Brodie

et al. 2019

ApJ

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“…Strong gravitational lensing occurs at many different scales, for example distant galaxies can be lensed by massive foreground clusters of galaxies, which allows for the precise measurement of the total mass in their cores (e.g. Jauzac et al 2018) and the study of the nature of dark matter (e.g. Harvey et al 2018b).…”

Section: Strong Lensing Flux Anomaliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting flux ratio anomalies to probe warm dark matter in future large-scale surveys

Harvey

Valkenburg

Tamone

et al. 2019

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Flux ratio anomalies in strong gravitationally lensed quasars constitute a unique way to probe the abundance of non-luminous dark matter haloes, and hence the nature of dark matter. In this paper we identify double imaged quasars as a statistically efficient probe of dark matter, since they are 20 times more abundant than quadruply imaged quasars. Using N-body simulations that include realistic baryonic feedback, we measure the full distribution of flux ratios in doubly imaged quasars for cold (CDM) and warm dark matter (WDM) cosmologies. Through this method, we fold in two key systematics -quasar variability and line-of-sight structures. We find that WDM cosmologies predict a ∼ 6 per cent difference in the cumulative distribution functions of flux ratios relative to CDM, with CDM predicting many more small ratios. Finally, we estimate that ∼ 600 doubly imaged quasars will need to be observed in order to be able to unambiguously discern between CDM and the two WDM models studied here. Such sample sizes will be easily within reach of future large scale surveys such as Euclid. In preparation for this survey data we require discerning the scale of the uncertainties in modelling lens galaxies and their substructure in simulations, plus a strong understanding of the selection function of observed lensed quasars.

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“…Indeed, gravitational lensing is a unique tool to map the mass distribution of the lenses as it is independent of their dynamical state, thereby providing crucial in-situ information on the physics of these objects. In the case of cluster lenses, a lot of work has been done from gravitational lensing mass maps and multi-wavelength analyses to constrain cluster physics (e.g., Kneib et al 2003;Clowe, Gonzalez & Markevitch 2004;Bradač et al 2006;Merten et al 2011;Diego et al 2015;Eckert et al 2015;Jauzac et al 2012Jauzac et al , 2015Mahler et al 2018;Sharon et al 2015Sharon et al , 2019, and dark matter properties (e.g., Natarajan et al , 2017Bradač et al 2008;Harvey et al 2015;Harvey, Kneib & Jauzac 2016;Harvey et al 2017Harvey et al , 2019Massey et al 2015Massey et al , 2018Jauzac et al 2016aJauzac et al , 2018. Moreover, lensing can give us hints on galaxy evolution (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

hybrid-lenstool: a self-consistent algorithm to model galaxy clusters with strong- and weak-lensing simultaneously

Niemiec

Jauzac

Jullo

et al. 2020

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We present a new galaxy cluster lens modeling approach, hybrid -Lenstool, that is implemented in the publicly available modeling software Lenstool. hybrid -Lenstool combines a parametric approach to model the core of the cluster, and a non-parametric (free-form) approach to model the outskirts. hybrid -Lenstool optimizes both strongand weak-lensing constraints simultaneously (Joint-Fit), providing a self-consistent reconstruction of the cluster mass distribution on all scales. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of the new algorithm, we tested it on a simulated cluster. hybrid-Lenstool yields more accurate reconstructed mass distributions than the former Sequential-Fit approach where the parametric and the non-parametric models are optimized successively. Indeed, we show with the simulated cluster that the mass density profile reconstructed with a Sequential-Fit deviates form the input by 2−3σ at all scales while the Joint-Fit gives a profile that is within 1−1.5σ of the true value. This gain in accuracy is consequential for recovering mass distributions exploiting cluster lensing and therefore for all applications of clusters as cosmological probes. Finally we found that the Joint-Fit approach yields shallower slope of the inner density profile than the Sequential-Fit approach, thus revealing possible biases in previous lensing studies.

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Growing a ‘cosmic beast’: observations and simulations of MACS J0717.5+3745

Cited by 40 publications

References 137 publications

The Distribution of Ultra-diffuse and Ultra-compact Galaxies in the Frontier Fields

The Distribution of Ultra-diffuse and Ultra-compact Galaxies in the Frontier Fields

Exploiting flux ratio anomalies to probe warm dark matter in future large-scale surveys

hybrid-lenstool: a self-consistent algorithm to model galaxy clusters with strong- and weak-lensing simultaneously

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