Growing characteristics of apple cultivars and canopies

Abstract

In our study we aimed to evaluate the growing characteristics of new prospective apple cultivars and their canopies. The following parameters were measured: I) thickness of the trunk and the central leader, II) ratio of the trunk thickness and the basic branches (Zahn indexes), III) number of the branches of the central leader, and iv) thickness of the branches of the central leader. The main branches of the trunk and the central leader tend to over thickening in the case of cvs ‘Red Idared’, ‘Wilton’s Red Jonaprince’ and ‘Jeromine’. The density of the branches of certain parts of the canopy was too low for cvs ‘Crimson Crisp’, ‘Wilton’s Red Jonaprince’, ‘Fuji September Wonder’ and ‘Red Idared’. The density of the branches of certain parts of the canopy was too high for cvs ‘Gala Venus Fengal’, ‘Wilton’s Red Jonaprince’ and ‘Red Cap Valtod’. Relationship was found between the tapering dynamics of the central axis and the thickness of the main branches, which was stronger in super spindle canopies than in slender spindle crown forms.

Vegetative and generative properties of two apple cultivars ‘Galiwa’ and ‘Story Inored’ in a multi-row system

“…Since the 1970s, researches have confirmed close relationship between illumination and available yield, resulting the wider use of smaller trees with better light utilization (Jackson & Palmer, 1972;Palmer et al, 1992;Wünsche et al, 1996;Palmer, 1997;Robinson et al, 2013). Nowadays trees with central leader trained to slender spindle and super spindle are the most widespread in the European and domestic intensive orchards (Robinson, 2011;Csihon et al, 2015Csihon et al, , 2022Sus et al, 2018). Advantages of single row training system regarding illumination are emphasized by several studies, nevertheless more trials aimed to evaluate multi-row systems for better utilization of the available production area and to achieve higher yields (Wertheim et al, 1986;Wagenmakers, 1991;Campbell, 1999;Kierczyńska & Wawrzyniak, 2004;Csihon et al, 2019).…”

Vegetative parameters of sweet cherry (Cerasus avium L.) cultivars in two training systems

“…Production value of the cultivars is determined by the growing and the fruit bearing characteristics and the fruit quality in a complex way. Among the features of the cultivars growing characteristics are not detailed in most of the cultivar descriptions, they are handled just superficially (Csihon, 2015;Csihon et al 2015).…”

Branching features of apple cultivars in integrated and organic production technology

“…Among the features of the cultivars growing characteristics are not detailed in most of the cultivar descriptions, they are handled just superficially. However comparing the vegetative parameters of the trees and canopies can ensure useful information for the producers during the tree training and maintaining (Csihon, 2015;Csihon et al 2015).…”