Growing Conditions Alter the Relationship Between SPAD-501 Values and Apple Leaf Chlorophyll

Campbell, Richard; Mobley, Kendrick N.; Marini, Richard P.; Pfeiffer, Douglas G.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.25.3.330

Cited by 99 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…These inconsistencies led to the poor relationship between SPAD and chlorophyll data. Campbell et al (1990) showed that growing conditions affect the relationship of SPAD readings to total chlorophyll, due in part to differences in leaf morphology. In a recent study, SPAD readings were highly correlated to total chlorophyll levels and visual observations of color for greenhouse grown st. augustinegrass, but correlated poorly in field grown plants due to a lack of uniformity in ontogenetic age of the samples and sampling error (Rodriguez and Miller, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosynthetic Responses of Container-grown Illicium L. Taxa to Sun and Shade

Olsen¹,

Ruter²,

Rieger³

2002

jashs

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Illiciums, or star-anises, have increased in popularity in the nursery and landscape industries. However, confusion exists as to which taxa are tolerant of high light intensities during production and subsequent establishment in the landscape. We investigated the effect of two light intensity treatments, 45% and 100% full sunlight, on gas-exchange parameters of five Illicium taxa: Illicium anisatum L., I. floridanum Ellis. `Pebblebrook', I. henryi Diels., I. lanceolatum A.C. Sm., and I. parviflorum Michx. Ex. Vent. `Forest Green'. Light-response curves were determined for individual leaves, and mean response parameters calculated. Chlorophyll and total carotenoids were analyzed after extraction in acetone, with total chlorophyll also estimated with a SPAD chlorophyll meter. In general, highest rates of CO2 assimilation (Amax) and lowest rates of dark respiration (Rd) were found in the 45% light treatment for all taxa. Both Illicium anisatum and I. floridanum `Pebblebrook' had substantial reductions in Amax in 100% light, 94% and 81% respectively, compared to plants grown in the 45% light treatment. Illicium henryi failed to survive the 100% light treatment. Illicium lanceolatum and I. parviflorum `Forest Green' were least affected by the 100% light treatment. Severe photooxidative bleaching was noted and confirmed by SPAD and pigment data, although SPAD readings were a poor predictor of total chlorophyll. For taxa of Illicium in our study, photosynthetic gas-exchange parameters and foliage pigment characteristics were improved in the low light treatment, suggesting optimal growth occurs in shaded conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosynthetic Responses of Container-grown Illicium L. Taxa to Sun and Shade

Olsen¹,

Ruter²,

Rieger³

2002

jashs

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“…In July and August, herbicide treatment did not affect leaf greenness compared with the control. Although the SPAD meter is a useful instrument for nondestructive determination of total chlorophyll content, on broadleaf plants, it has limitations (i.e., requirement for multiple measurements, influence of leaf thickness) (Campbell et al, 1990;Chapman and Barreto, 1997). SPAD measurements of leaf greenness are not useful for quantifying herbicide injury on oak seedlings.…”

Section: Swollen Budmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injury on White Oak Seedlings from Herbicide Exposure Simulating Drift

Samtani¹,

Masiunas²,

Appleby³

2008

horts

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Herbicide drift to landscape and woodland trees is a particular concern in midwestern United States where the topography is relatively flat, large-scale agriculture relies on herbicides, and housing developments and woodlands are intermingled with agricultural fields. Recently, leaf abnormalities (called leaf tatters) have been reported on white oak (Quercus alba L.). We evaluated the effects of field corn herbicides on white oak at the swollen bud, leaf unfolding, and expanded leaf stages. Container-grown white oak seedlings were treated with 1%, 10%, and 25% standard field use rates of 2,4-D isooctyl ester, glyphosate, 2,4-D isooctyl ester + glyphosate, dicamba, acetochlor + atrazine, and metolachlor. Loss of interveinal tissues (leaf tatters) occurred after treatment with the chloroacetanilide herbicides, acetochlor (+ atrazine) and metolachlor, only when oaks were in the leaf unfolding stage. No other herbicide caused tatter-like symptoms. Dicamba and 2,4-D ester applied at the leaf unfolding stage caused leaf cupping, downward rolling of leaf margins, elongation of leaf tips, leaf strapping with parallel veination, and initial leaf cupping followed by death of the growing point. Glyphosate applied at either the leaf unfolding or expanded leaf stage caused leaf chlorosis and necrosis, leaf tip browning, and curling of leaves. Herbicide applications near white oak should be timed before leaf unfolding or after the expanded leaf stages.

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“…The ability to determine chlorophyll content on a leaf-area basis using SPAD values was demonstrated for apple {Mains domestica Borkh.) (CAMPBELL et al 1990), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) (WOOD et al 1992b), grape {Vitis vinifera L.) (FANIZZA et al 1991), maize (Zea mays L.) (DWYER et al 1991, PlE-KIELEK and FOX 1992, SCHEPERS et al 1992, WoODetal. 1992a, pepper {Capsicum annuum L.) (HARTZ et al 1993), potato {Solarium tuberosum L.) (VOS and BOM 1993), sorghum {Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) (MARQUARD and TiPTON 1987), soybean {Glycine max (L.) Merr.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a Chlorophyll Meter to Optimize Nitrogen Fertilizer Application for Intensively‐Managed Small‐Grain Cereals

Peltonen

Virtanen

Haggrèn

1995

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Most methods used to estimate N status require collection, processing and analysis of soil and/or plant tissue samples. In this study, leaf chlorophyll content of cereals, determined in the field with a portable chlorophyll meter (Minolta SPAD‐502), was used to predict N availability of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), oats (Avena sativa L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.). The results indicated that accurate nitrogen (N) fertilizer recommendations based on chlorophyll content have both environmental and economic advantages. Determination of leaf chlorophyll content with a chlorophyll meter accurately indicated plant N status allowing N fertilizer requirement to be accurately determined and resulting in increased N uptake efficiency. Applying N fertilizer on this basis improved production economics and improved physical input‐output ratio during grain yield formation. Using a chlorophyll meter, responsive and non‐responsive categories can be determined at the stage of maximum number of florets per ear primordium (Zadoks' GS 37‐41) and at pollination (i.e. pollen grains on well‐developed stigmatic hairs, GS 52‐58).

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Growing Conditions Alter the Relationship Between SPAD-501 Values and Apple Leaf Chlorophyll

Cited by 99 publications

References 0 publications

Photosynthetic Responses of Container-grown Illicium L. Taxa to Sun and Shade

Photosynthetic Responses of Container-grown Illicium L. Taxa to Sun and Shade

Injury on White Oak Seedlings from Herbicide Exposure Simulating Drift

Using a Chlorophyll Meter to Optimize Nitrogen Fertilizer Application for Intensively‐Managed Small‐Grain Cereals

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