Growing up in ethnic enclaves: language proficiency and educational attainment of immigrant children

Danzer, Alexander M.; Feuerbaum, Carsten; Piopiunik, Marc; Woessmann, Ludger

doi:10.1007/s00148-022-00889-y

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Indeed, Table 2 revealed no evidence of sorting according to observable characteristics, which is consistent with our assumption of exogenous placement. This is corroborated by Yaman (2013, 2016) and Danzer et al (2022) who find no evidence of negative sorting in the German context of guestworker immigrants and show that changes in immigrants' locations in the years after recruitment were not selective among observable characteristics.…”

Section: Identifying Effects Of Local Ethnic Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…The empirical economic literature to date has devoted considerable efforts to identifying the impact of residential ethnic concentration on immigrant economic integration (see Chakraborty and Schüller, 2022, for an overview). Investigating alternative outcomes and exploring cultural and other dimensions of ethnic segregation, the empirical literature provides evidence of enclave effects on welfare participation (Bertrand et al, 2000), of the link between immigrant concentration and crime (Bell and Machin, 2012), of social interaction (Danzer and Yaman, 2013), educational attainment of immigrant children (Åslund et al, 2011;Chakraborty et al, 2019;Danzer et al, 2022), and ethnic occupational segregation (Zwysen and Demireva, 2020;Xu and Zhang, 2022;Zhang and Xu, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethnic spatial dispersion and immigrant identity

Constant

Schüller

Zimmermann

2023

Preprint

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The role of ethnic clustering in ethnic identity formation has remained unexplored, mainly due to missing detailed data. This study closes the knowledge gap for Germany by employing a unique combination of datasets, the survey data from the German Socio-Economic Panel and disaggregated information at low geographical levels from the last two but still unexploited full German censuses, 1970 and 1987. Utilizing the exogenous placement of immigrants during the recruitment era in the 1960s and 1970s we find that local co-ethnic concentration affects immigrants’ ethnic identity. While residential ethnic clustering strengthens immigrants’ retention of an affiliation with their origin (minority identity), it weakens identification with the host society (majority identity). The effects are nonlinear and become significant only at relatively high levels of co-ethnic concentration for the minority identity and at very low levels of local concentration for the majority identity. The findings are robust to an instrumental variable approach. JEL Codes: J15; R23; Z10

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Section: Identifying Effects Of Local Ethnic Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic spatial dispersion and immigrant identity

Constant

Schüller

Zimmermann

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These findings regarding language acquisition are confirmed and further strengthened by a number of studies that exploit a quasi-experimental [60] or an instrumental variable [61] identification strategy. One study use an exogenous placement policy of German guest workers to further prove the detriments of high ethnic concentration on immigrant children's language proficiency while also demonstrating that the mediating factor is the parents' language proficiency-or the lack thereof [62].…”

Section: Consequences Of Second-generation Immigrantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immigrant Ethnic Enclaves: Causes and Consequences

Song,

Szurop

2024

Migration and Forced Displacement - Vulnerability and Resilience - Volume 1

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This chapter delves into the enduring and expanding presence of immigrant ethnic enclaves in the contemporary world. It examines their distinctive implications for both immigrants and natives within the labor market through a comprehensive survey of the existing literature in the social sciences, with a focus on research in economics. This chapter first introduces the theoretical framework to elucidate the formation and repercussions of these enclaves. Subsequently, empirical evidence is presented, shedding light on the labor market ramifications encompassing immigrants’ earnings, employment outcomes, and the socio-economic assimilation of second-generation immigrants. Furthermore, the chapter explores the influence of natives’ residential decisions when confronted with the emergence of immigrant ethnic enclaves, revealing how these choices may reinforce the enclaves and their effects.

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“…Existing studies (e.g. Bauer et al, 2005; Danzer and Yaman, 2016; Danzer et al, 2022) show that excluded/segregated enclaves can be recognised as a problem that causes low language proficiency and educational attainment and social exclusion, and jeopardises local development, deprived groups’ integration into society and social cohesion, because it substantially deprives the life chances of the poor assembled in segregated areas, which often trap inhabitants in negative cycles of exclusion and poverty (Nee et al, 1994). Immigrants working in enclaves tend to be disadvantaged in earnings, or their earnings returns to human capital are lower than those of immigrants working in the open economy.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighbourhoods in shaping migrant integration: A study of peri-urban Beijing

Liu

2023

Transactions in Planning and Urban Research

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The question of how (im)migrants integrate into their host societies has long been a focus of scholarly research. This article adds to this body of knowledge by examining how different types of neighbourhoods shape the integration experience of migrant residents and their daily practice in peri-urban Beijing. The study was conducted by non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews in four peri-urban Beijing neighbourhoods. The findings suggest that migrant integration has a spatial dimension, with integration differences being enhanced and fixed through residential differentiation. Specifically, a migrant’s position in the urban economy predetermines their integration path and neighbourhood preference, with the neighbourhood further impacting their social integration through embedded lifestyles and ideologies. Neighbourhoods serve as essential places of shared experience in which distinct migrant social groups are formed. Theoretically, the study contributes to the debate between ethnic enclaves and mixed neighbourhoods by arguing that mixed neighbourhoods foster stronger sentiments toward host cities among migrant residents. The failure of integration is not necessarily a result of a neighbourhood’s homogenous tenure and population but rather because residents are not involved in the formal urban economy. Unlike ethnoburbs in America, urban villages in peri-urban Beijing cannot generate upward social mobility because of the informality. Low-skilled migrant entrepreneurs struggle to develop their informal businesses facing unpredictable demolishment of urban villages.

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Growing up in ethnic enclaves: language proficiency and educational attainment of immigrant children

Cited by 12 publications

References 58 publications

Ethnic spatial dispersion and immigrant identity

Ethnic spatial dispersion and immigrant identity

Immigrant Ethnic Enclaves: Causes and Consequences

Neighbourhoods in shaping migrant integration: A study of peri-urban Beijing

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