Growth, ammonium excretion, and oxygen consumption of hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis aureus) grown in seawater and freshwater

Abstract

Growth, ammonium excretion, and oxygen consumption of hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis aureus) grown in seawater and freshwaterCrecimiento, excreción de amonio y consumo de oxígeno de la tilapia híbrida roja (Oreochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis aureus) cultivada en agua de mar y en agua dulce ABSTRACT. In a comparative study using the hybrid tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis aureus grown in seawater and freshwater, no significant differences in growth performance (weight gain) and biological indices (e.g., feed conversion efficiency and survival) was observed after 90 days of experimentation. A common feed was formulated to contain 40% crude protein and 8.5% crude fat. Fish meal and poultry by-product meal (50:50) were used as a source of protein in the formulation. The study was conducted using recirculation systems and organisms already adapted to seawater and freshwater with an initial weight of 25.0 ± 0.06 g and 24.70 ± 0.32 g, respectively (four replicates per treatment); at the end of the experiment their final weight was 161.80 ± 12.78 g and 167.60 ± 7.29 g, respectively. The thermal growth coefficient was 0.91 and 0.89 (seawater vs freshwater), and there were no significant differences; however, the apparent digestibility of dry matter as well as per nutrient (protein, lipid, and carbohydrate) was significantly higher for the organisms in the seawater treatment. The digestibility could be associated with greater enzymatic activity in the presence of higher ionic strength. The respirometric study indicated that the O:N ratios were similar for organisms reared in seawater and freshwater, with values of 21 and 18, respectively. This indicates that this strain of tilapia uses a mixture of proteins and lipids as energy substrates. We conclude that this strain of tilapia has the potential to adapt and thrive in a marine environment and that its production practices could be expanded.Key words: hybrid tilapia, seawater, growth, O:N ratio, metabolic substrate. RESUMEN.En un estudio comparativo en el cual se utilizó el híbrido de tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis aureus cultivado en agua de mar y en agua dulce no se observaron diferencias significativas en el desempeño como crecimiento en peso e índices biológicos (e.g., conversión alimenticia y supervivencia) después de 90 días de experimentación. Se utilizó un alimento común elaborado en el laboratorio que contenía 40% de proteína cruda y 8.5% de grasa cruda. Para la formulación del alimento, se utilizó harina de pescado y harina de subproducto de ave (50:50) como fuente de proteína. El estudio se realizó utilizando sistemas de recirculación y organismos de 25.0 ± 0.06 g y 24.70 ± 0.32 g para los tratamientos de agua de mar y agua dulce, respectivamente, con 4 repeticiones por tratamiento. Al finalizar el experimento los peces alcanzaron un peso de 161.80 ± 12.78 g y 167.60 ± 7.29 g, respectivamente. El coeficiente térmico de crecimiento fue de 0.91 y 0.89 (agua de mar vs agua dulce), y no se observaron diferen...

Metodología para la medición de la huella hídrica en la producción de tilapia, cachama y trucha: estudios de caso para el Valle del Cauca (Colombia)

“…Although it has a lower contribution, the WF g for the seed stage poses a potential threat associated with the concentrations of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in water, from proteins and carbohydrates contained in the fish feed (25).…”

The nitrification process for nitrogen removal in biofloc system aquaculture

“…Additionally, all tilapia are freshwater fish, but their euryhaline capability allows several species and hybrids to adapt and develop in brackish and marine waters (Kamal & Mair 2005; Rahmah et al 2020; Sgnaulin et al 2020). For example, for these fish, the type of metabolic substrate used as the predominant source of energy is not significantly affected, over a wide range of salinity (Barreto‐Curiel et al 2015).…”

Growth performance and body composition of hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus O. aureus) fed with different protein levels raised in saltwater

“…The salinity content appears to no interfere with the PER values in hybrid red tilapia, as no statistical difference was reported in PER values for juvenile (25 g) reared in fresh (2.08) and seawater (1.97) ( Barreto-Curiel et al, 2015). Freshwater species when exposited to an increasing water salinity use the osmoregulation process to keep the homeostasis of fluids due to the size of the intestine (Verdegem et al, 1997;Chourasia et al, 2018).…”

“…Research on the hybrid red tilapia (O. mossambicus × O. aureus) is still scarce with few reports on nutritional demands and requirements, and even less under the marine environment (Barreto-Curiel et al, 2015). For example, Botello-Leon et al (2011) reported a successful partial fish meal replacement with sugar cane protein meal (14%) in this hybrid.…”

“…Dietary formulations were based on the known nutritional demands and requirements of the species (Barreto-Curiel et al, 2015). Diets were then prepared with a combination of fish meal, poultry by-product meal, soybean meal and gelatin as primary protein sources (Table 1).…”