Growth and characterization of crystalline Bi2Se3 thin films on flexible metal foils by magnetron sputtering system

Nanostructured Bi2Se3-Decorated TiSe2 Pyramids on Ti Foil for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

“…The PEC measurements were also carried out in 0.5H 2 SO 4 acidic solution at the fixed bias of 0.8 V vs Ag/AgCl for both samples, and it was observed that the current density is almost like that for 0.5 M Na 2 SO 4 electrolyte and decays with time (Figure S5). The comparison of the obtained photocurrent density of various heterostructure photoelectrodes prepared on metal foils with and without CDW materials is shown in Table . ,,− From Table , it is clear that the obtained photocurrent density of the Bi 2 Se 3 -decorated TiSe 2 /Ti electrode is comparable to the available reports on metal foils.…”

“…The obtained photocurrent density of ∼184.6 μA/cm 2 for Bi 2 Se 3 -decorated TiSe 2 /Ti at 0.8 V vs Ag/AgCl is ∼2.6 times higher than that of pristine TiSe 2 and ∼20 folds enhanced compared to that of the Bi 2 Se 3 film on Ti foil (Figure S4). 54 As the PEC performance is closely related to the surface morphology of the films, the pyramidal or conical structure could intensify light absorption and increase the photoelectrode performance due to the light trapping effect. 23 Furthermore, excellent electrical conductivity between Bi 2 Se 3 and TiSe 2 could support the fast charge transportation of photogenerated charge carriers to further increase the overall performance of the photoelectrode.…”

Heterojunction Bi2Se3/Sb2Se3 on Flexible Mo Metal Foils for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Applications

“…The Raman spectrum of Bi 2 Se 3 on the Mo foil shows Raman peaks located at 73.6 (A 1g 1 ), 133.0 (E g 2 ), and 175.5 (A 1g 2 ) cm –1 as shown in Figure c. The A 1g 1 and A 1g 2 peaks are attributed to the out-of-plane vibrational mode, while the E g 2 peak corresponds to the in-plane vibrational Raman mode, and all the peaks correspond to the rhombohedral phase of Bi 2 Se 3 . , To investigate the crystal structure of Bi 2 Se 3 on the Mo foil, XRD was performed, and the data is presented in Figure d. The three peaks at 2θ values of 40.1, 58.7, and 73.6° correspond to the (110), (200), and (211) planes, respectively, of a pure Mo foil .…”

“…The A 1g 1 and A 1g 2 peaks are attributed to the out-of-plane vibrational mode, while the E g 2 peak corresponds to the in-plane vibrational Raman mode, and all the peaks correspond to the rhombohedral phase of Bi 2 Se 3 . , To investigate the crystal structure of Bi 2 Se 3 on the Mo foil, XRD was performed, and the data is presented in Figure d. The three peaks at 2θ values of 40.1, 58.7, and 73.6° correspond to the (110), (200), and (211) planes, respectively, of a pure Mo foil . The diffraction peaks at 2θ values of 9.3, 18.5, 29.3, 47.8, 61.1, and 66.5° are indexed to the (0003), (0006), (015), (00015), (0210), and (1115) planes of the Bi 2 Se 3 thin film, respectively. − The sharp and intense peaks prefer a crystalline thin film that can be indexed for the rhombohedral structure of Bi 2 Se 3 with the R̅ 3 m space group having the lattice parameters a = 4.127 Å and c = 28.58 Å, which is supported with JCPDS number: 330214 …”

“…A commercial Bi 2 Se 3 (ACI Alloys, 99.99% pure) sputtering target was used as the sputtering source. A growth pressure of ∼3.3 × 10 –3 mbar was maintained using ultra-high-pure Ar (99.9999%) gas during the deposition process. , The radio frequency (RF) forward power and the substrate temperature during depositions were kept at 10 W and 400 °C, respectively. After the deposition of thin films, we performed a post-selenization process in a Se-rich environment at 300–350 °C to obtain good stoichiometry of films.…”