Growth and development in prefecture-level cities in China

Zünd, Daniel; Bettencourt, Luís M. A.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0221017

Cited by 53 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Prior studies have assessed the growth of the Chinese prefectural-level city system using urban quantities; for example, GDP and population [42]. This study inspects the linkage between Chinese urban quantities and street structure with the identified fractal pattern.…”

Section: Regression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Chinese Urban Form: The Universal Fractal Pattern of Street Networks over 298 Cities

Guo

Zheng

et al. 2020

IJGI

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Urban form can be reflected by many city elements, such as streets. A street network serves as the backbone of a city and reflects a city’s physical structure. A street network’s topological measures and statistical distributions have been widely investigated in recent years, but previous studies have seldom characterized the heavy-tailed distribution of street connectivities from a fractal perspective. The long-tail distribution of street connectivities can be fractal under the new, third definition: a set or pattern is fractal if the scaling of far more small things than large ones recurs at least twice. The number of recurred scaling patterns of far more less-connected streets than well-connected ones greatly helps in measuring the scaling hierarchy of a street network. Moreover, it enables us to examine the potential fractality of urban street networks at the national scale. In this connection, the present study aims to contribute to urban morphology in China through the investigation of the ubiquity of fractal cities from the lens of street networks. To do this, we generate hundreds of thousands of natural streets from about 4.5 million street segments over 298 Chinese cities and adopted power-law detection as well as three fractal metrics that emerged from the third definition of fractal. The results show that almost all cities bear a fractal structure in terms of street connectivities. Furthermore, our multiple regression analysis suggests that the fractality of street networks is positively correlated with urban socioeconomic status and negatively correlated with energy consumption. Therefore, the fractal metrics can be a useful supplement to traditional street-network configuration measures such as street lengths.

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Section: Regression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Chinese Urban Form: The Universal Fractal Pattern of Street Networks over 298 Cities

Guo

Zheng

et al. 2020

IJGI

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“…Developing world cities in underdeveloped regions to help spread the beneits of globalization across countries is evident in many countries, notably in China (Zünd and Bettencourt, 2019). World cities can also exert centripetal forces that attract the best assets, infrastructure and global connectivity (Goerzen et al, 2013).…”

Section: Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How TNC subsidiaries shine in world cities: Policy implications of autonomy and network connections

McDonald

Gammelgaard

Tüselmann

et al. 2020

Transnational Corporations

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The study examines the relationship between performance and patterns of autonomy and the network relationships used by the foreign subsidiaries of transnational corporations (TNCs) in world cities compared to those subsidiaries outside these locations. This is done by exploring if these patterns differ in foreign subsidiaries in Greater Copenhagen compared to elsewhere in Demark. The indings reveal that there are important differences in the relationships between performance and the autonomy and network structures in foreign subsidiaries. These indings are discussed and policy implications distilled. The study inds that the scope of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) policy could be usefully extended to encompass urban development thereby helping cities develop assets, institutional support and infrastructure that can enhance agglomeration beneits and global connectivity. The indings indicate policies, aimed at helping subsidiaries embed in host location networks and incorporate these networks into other parts of the parent company, could be beneicial. The paper also discusses economic and social inequality that can stem from network patterns and the inclination of subsidiaries to operate autonomously in world cities. It proposes policy options that can lead subsidiaries to undertake high-value activities and innovation in world cities.

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“…This growth is shown in (C) for both GDP (red) and Population (yellow) and versus each other on (D). Data are from Chinese City Statistical Yearbooks compiled by the Chinese National Bureau of Statistics (see Zünd and Bettencourt, 2019). The same data is compiled and translated in English and made available online at https://www.china-data-online.com/member/city/ (requires subscription).…”

Section: Technological and Economic Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Methods for the Comparative Analysis of Cities in History

Bettencourt

Lobo

2019

Front. Digit. Humanit.

Self Cite

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Comparative studies of cities throughout history are one of the greatest sources of insight into the nature of change in human societies. This paper discusses strategies to anchor these comparisons on well-defined, quantitative and empirical characteristics of cities, derived from theory and observable in the archeological and historical records. We show how quantitative comparisons based on a few simple variables across settlements allow us to analyze how different places and peoples dealt with general problems of any society. These include demographic change, the organization of built spaces, the intensity and size of socioeconomic networks and the processes underlying technological change and economic growth. Because the historical record contains a much more varied and more independent set of experiences than contemporary urbanization, it has a unique power for illuminating present puzzles of human development and testing emergent urban theory.

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Growth and development in prefecture-level cities in China

Cited by 53 publications

References 21 publications

Understanding Chinese Urban Form: The Universal Fractal Pattern of Street Networks over 298 Cities

Understanding Chinese Urban Form: The Universal Fractal Pattern of Street Networks over 298 Cities

How TNC subsidiaries shine in world cities: Policy implications of autonomy and network connections

Quantitative Methods for the Comparative Analysis of Cities in History

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