Growth and development of conifer pollen tubes

Fernando, Danilo D.; Lazzaro, Mark D.; Owens, John N.

doi:10.1007/s00497-005-0008-y

Cited by 101 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…In virtually all gymnosperms, pollen hydration and germination takes two or more days and the active period of pollen tube growth (excluding dormant periods) takes five days or more (13,14,18). Maximum in vivo growth rates of gymnosperm pollen tube tips calculated from the literature (Table S2) are Ϸ1 m/h in Zamia (Cycadales), 2 m/h in Ginkgo (Ginkgoales), 5 m/h in Gnetum (Gnetales), and 6 m/h in Agathis (Coniferales).…”

Section: Developmental Origins Of Rapid Fertilization Syndromes In Sementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gymnosperm pollen tubes typically do not grow long distances because they maintain a continuous cytoplasm from pollen grain to pollen tube tip throughout development and advance slowly through solid nucellar tissue by causing cell death and absorption of intervening cells (18,19). Pollen tubes of conifers must digest a 0.1-to 3-mm-thick nucellar covering of the egg (14,40).…”

Section: Relationship Between Pollen Tube Growth and Carpel Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pollen tubes of conifers must digest a 0.1-to 3-mm-thick nucellar covering of the egg (14,40). Longer pollen tubes up to Ϸ9-mm-long are found in several phylogenetically derived conifers (e.g., Agathis, Tsuga) (18,40). In these taxa, pollen germinates on an integument, bract, or scale, and pollen tubes grow slowly to the egg for upward of six weeks.…”

Section: Relationship Between Pollen Tube Growth and Carpel Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novelties of the flowering plant pollen tube underlie diversification of a key life history stage

Williams

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

131

155

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The origin and rapid diversification of flowering plants has puzzled evolutionary biologists, dating back to Charles Darwin. Since that time a number of key life history and morphological traits have been proposed as developmental correlates of the extraordinary diversity and ecological success of angiosperms. Here, I identify several innovations that were fundamental to the evolutionary lability of angiosperm reproduction, and hence to their diversification. In gymnosperms pollen reception must be near the egg largely because sperm swim or are transported by pollen tubes that grow at very slow rates (< Ϸ20 m/h). In contrast, pollen tube growth rates of taxa in ancient angiosperm lineages (Amborella, Nuphar, and Austrobaileya) range from Ϸ80 to 600 m/h. Comparative analyses point to accelerated pollen tube growth rate as a critical innovation that preceded the origin of the true closed carpel, long styles, multiseeded ovaries, and, in monocots and eudicots, much faster pollen tube growth rates. Ancient angiosperm pollen tubes all have callosic walls and callose plugs (in contrast, no gymnosperms have these features). The early association of the callose-walled growth pattern with accelerated pollen tube growth rate underlies a striking repeated pattern of faster and longer-distance pollen tube growth often within solid pathways in phylogenetically derived angiosperms. Pollen tube innovations are a key component of the spectacular diversification of carpel (flower and fruit) form and reproductive cycles in flowering plants.heterochrony ͉ key innovation ͉ modularity ͉ origin of angiosperms ͉ evo-devo

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Section: Developmental Origins Of Rapid Fertilization Syndromes In Sementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relationship Between Pollen Tube Growth and Carpel Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relationship Between Pollen Tube Growth and Carpel Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Novelties of the flowering plant pollen tube underlie diversification of a key life history stage

Williams

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

131

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In some homosporous ferns with separate sexes, spores germinate and develop, by default, into female or hermaphrodite gametophytes that control their mating prospects by the release of hormones into their environment [13]; these hormones cause nearby spores, potentially from unrelated sporophytes, to germinate and develop as males, thereby increasing the level of polyandry and sperm competition [13,14]. Mating in gymnosperms is similar to that in windpollinated angiosperms (where polyandry is also possible), except that sperm take much longer to reach their target in gymnosperms [15].…”

Section: How Common Is Polyandry In Plants?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The incidence and selection of multiple mating in plants

Pannell

Labouche

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Mating with more than one pollen donor, or polyandry, is common in land plants. In flowering plants, polyandry occurs when the pollen from different potential sires is distributed among the fruits of a single individual, or when pollen from more than one donor is deposited on the same stigma. Because polyandry typically leads to multiple paternity among or within fruits, it can be indirectly inferred on the basis of paternity analysis using molecular markers. A review of the literature indicates that polyandry is probably ubiquitous in plants except those that habitually self-fertilize, or that disperse their pollen in pollen packages, such as polyads or pollinia. Multiple mating may increase plants' female component by alleviating pollen limitation or by promoting competition among pollen grains from different potential sires. Accordingly, a number of traits have evolved that should promote polyandry at the flower level from the female's point of view, e.g. the prolongation of stigma receptivity or increases in stigma size. However, many floral traits, such as attractiveness, the physical manipulation of pollinators and pollen-dispensing mechanisms that lead to polyandrous pollination, have probably evolved in response to selection to promote male siring success in general, so that polyandry might often best be seen as a by-product of selection to enhance outcross siring success. In this sense, polyandry in plants is similar to geitonogamy (selfing caused by pollen transfer among flowers of the same plant), because both polyandry and geitonogamy probably result from selection to promote outcross siring success, although geitonogamy is almost always deleterious while polyandry in plants will seldom be so.

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“…In vitro pollen tube studies were used to confirm whether interspecific crosses with P. radiata (female or male partner) might be feasible within predefined climatic parameters. Although pollination success can be measured with in vitro (controlled laboratory) conditions, pollen germination (viability) and tube elongation , Owens & Fernando 2007, it does not completely mimic in vivo (in-field) growth but does give an accurate estimate (Taylor & Hepler 1997;Fernando et al 2005). Pollen from the following species was used in the in vitro pollen studies: P. radiata D.Don (radiata), P. tecunumanii (tecunumanii), P. maximinoi Moore (maximinoi), P. oocarpa Schiede ex Schltdl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate as possible reproductive barrier in Pinus radiata (D. Don) interspecific hybridisation

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Historically, interspecific hybridisation with Pinus radiata D. Don had limited success. The effect of environmental conditions and position of pollination bags in the tree were investigated as possible hybridisation barriers. The study was conducted in a P. radiata seed orchard in the Southern Cape (South Africa). Field data were compared to the climatic conditions at natural and commercial provenances of seven Mesoamerican Pinus species identified as possible hybrid partners. In vitro pollen studies were used to confirm whether interspecific crosses with P. radiata might be feasible within predefined climatic parameters. The temperature ranges for both top and northern side of P. radiata pine trees in the seed orchard was similar to the natural distribution of P. radiata, P. elliottii Engelm. and P. taeda L. in the USA. Results suggested that pollen of P. elliottii and P. taeda might be more suited to result in the successful pollination of P. radiata than the other Mesoamerican pine species tested in this study. Furthermore, the combination of minimum temperature and precipitation also showed a closer correlation to successful hybridisation with P. radiata for both P. elliotii and P. taeda. However, pollen tube elongation studies did not support these results, suggesting that mean temperature might not be the only determining factor of hybridisation success. Three circadian temperature models that mimic natural conditions were developed for Karatara and Sabie (Tweefontein, Witklip and Spitskop). These models will be tested in future in vitro studies to further evaluate temperature fluctuations between day and night regimes as a possible reproductive barrier limiting hybridisation success between P. radiata and other Mesoamerican pine species.

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Growth and development of conifer pollen tubes

Cited by 101 publications

References 78 publications

Novelties of the flowering plant pollen tube underlie diversification of a key life history stage

Novelties of the flowering plant pollen tube underlie diversification of a key life history stage

The incidence and selection of multiple mating in plants

Climate as possible reproductive barrier in Pinus radiata (D. Don) interspecific hybridisation

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