Growth and development of ‘Illini Hardy’ blackberry (Rubus subgenus Eubatus Focke) under shaded systems

Gallagher, Emily J.; Mudge, Kenneth W.; Pritts, Marvin P.; DeGloria, Stephen D.

doi:10.1007/s10457-014-9738-x

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The results of our study confirmed those of Toldam-Andersen and Hansen (1993) and Djordjevic et al (2014), who similarly observed limited height plasticity in black currants. On blackberries, Gallagher et al (2015) observed minimal stem elongation in up to 50% shading, but an increase in height with 80% shading.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Injury (2017) P = <0.0001, r 2 = 0.23; Injury(2018) P = 0.0009, r 2 = 0.39. stems produced by the plant. Similarly, Gallagher et al (2015) found no difference in the number of primocanes produced in blackberries grown across varying levels of artificial shade, but they observed a decrease in stem diameter when 50% and greater shade levels were imposed. Although stem diameter was still large enough to bear fruit, a reduction in stem diameter may be a sign of decreased plant health and a reduction in fruit load during the growing season and may be a concern when plants are grown in shade greater than 65%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Previous research has been conducted on the effects of shading on the growth and productivity of several berry crop species. In blackberries, Gallagher et al (2015) found optimal vegetative performance with 30% shade but incomplete or delayed floral bud differentiation with shade between 50% and 80%. When experimenting with an appleberry polyculture, Rivera et al (2004) found that blackberry yield was reduced when grown in polyculture, jostaberry yield was unaffected, and the yield of one cultivar of edible honeysuckle was unaffected whereas another showed enhanced yield when cultured with apple.…”

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confidence: 88%

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Growth and Productivity of ‘Consort’ Black Currant Grown under Varying Levels of Artificial Shade

Wolske¹,

Branham²,

Wolz³

2021

horts

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The shade tolerance of black currants (Ribes nigrum cv. Consort) was studied by measuring the growth and productivity of mature plants in the field for three seasons under full sun or artificial shade netting in Urbana, IL. Shade treatments reduced photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from 37% to 83%. Yield was not reduced in shade levels up to 65% but decreased by as much as 66% under 83% shade. Shade had minimal effect on stem rejuvenation in the first 2 years, but reduced rejuvenation in the third year from 14 new stems in full sun to eight new stems in 83% shade. Stem diameter decreased 8% to 19% with 83% shade, whereas no changes were observed in up to 65% shade. Plant height increased 5% to 8% from open sun to 83% shade. Specific leaf weight decreased and leaf area increased with shade. Powdery mildew severity increased with shade, and disease-resistant cultivars should be considered for understory crops. Our results indicate that growth and productivity of black currants can be maintained in moderate shade but shade levels beyond 65% will significantly reduce agronomic performance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

mentioning

confidence: 88%

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Growth and Productivity of ‘Consort’ Black Currant Grown under Varying Levels of Artificial Shade

Wolske¹,

Branham²,

Wolz³

2021

horts

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“…The effect of nutrient availability on the growth of plants has been extensively researched (Moustakas and Ntzanis, 2005). Reduced photosynthesis and leaf nitrogen content were found in the shaded plants, highlighting the adaption of plants under low light intensity (Gallagher et al, 2015). However, previous research has focused on the effect of N on the biomass production and leaf area, with minimal attention to the relationship between floral initiation and N availability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the Relationship between Floral Initiation and Source–Sink Dynamics of Tomato Seedlings Affected by Changes in Shading and Nutrients

Wang¹,

Gui²,

Zhao³

et al. 2020

horts

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Floral initiation is an important transition point from vegetative growth to reproductive growth in tomatoes and is known to be affected by light intensity, temperature, and nutrients. However, the regulation between flower formation and environmental factors, including nutrient conditions, due to source–sink dynamics (supply and demand of photoassimilates) is seldom documented. To evaluate the effects of light intensity and nutrition conditions on prefloral formation and development, dynamic floral characteristics during development were fitted with sigmoidal logistic curves under four light treatments with shading nets in two nutrient conditions. Source activity and sink strength were altered, which caused differences in the floral positions, length of floral shoots, floral initiation dates, and leaf numbers under the different treatments. Accumulated light acts upstream of nutrition supply during the formation of buds and leads to the accumulation of carbohydrates in source organs. Leaf area reached ≈500 cm2, and dry matter weights reached ≈3 g in each treatment until the flowering day, revealing that some level of photoassimilates are necessary for floral initiation. Both days to flowering and bud number were highly correlated with daily light integral (DLI) from 6 to 12 days before anthesis, which means this period is important for anthesis in tomato. Our results highlight regulation of the transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth by tomato seedlings due to environmental factors and nutrients. A better understanding of communication between source organs and sink organs during floral initiation response to different environments is expected to provide management strategies for greenhouse tomato production.

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“…or blackberry (Rubus sp.) (Djordjevi c et al, 2014;Gallagher, Mudge, Pritts, & DeGloria, 2015) between the canopy trees could increase space utilization, light capture, and early yields. An understory shrub crop could be planted at the same time as the canopy layer or by adding the shrub under established AC/orchards.…”

Section: Practical Multispecies Designsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontiers in alley cropping: Transformative solutions for temperate agriculture

Wolz

Lovell

Branham

et al. 2017

Global Change Biology

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Annual row crops dominate agriculture around the world and have considerable negative environmental impacts, including significant greenhouse gas emissions. Transformative land-use solutions are necessary to mitigate climate change and restore critical ecosystem services. Alley cropping (AC)-the integration of trees with crops-is an agroforestry practice that has been studied as a transformative, multifunctional land-use solution. In the temperate zone, AC has strong potential for climate change mitigation through direct emissions reductions and increases in land-use efficiency via overyielding compared to trees and crops grown separately. In addition, AC provides climate change adaptation potential and ecological benefits by buffering alley crops to weather extremes, diversifying income to hedge financial risk, increasing biodiversity, reducing soil erosion, and improving nutrient- and water-use efficiency. The scope of temperate AC research and application has been largely limited to simple systems that combine one timber tree species with an annual grain. We propose two frontiers in temperate AC that expand this scope and could transform its climate-related benefits: (i) diversification via woody polyculture and (ii) expanded use of tree crops for food and fodder. While AC is ready now for implementation on marginal lands, we discuss key considerations that could enhance the scalability of the two proposed frontiers and catalyze widespread adoption.

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Growth and development of ‘Illini Hardy’ blackberry (Rubus subgenus Eubatus Focke) under shaded systems

Cited by 13 publications

References 70 publications

Growth and Productivity of ‘Consort’ Black Currant Grown under Varying Levels of Artificial Shade

Growth and Productivity of ‘Consort’ Black Currant Grown under Varying Levels of Artificial Shade

Determining the Relationship between Floral Initiation and Source–Sink Dynamics of Tomato Seedlings Affected by Changes in Shading and Nutrients

Frontiers in alley cropping: Transformative solutions for temperate agriculture

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