Growth and dissolution mechanism at the opposite and hemihedral faces of polar crystals

Vapour growth, morphology, absolute structure and pyroelectric coefficient ofmeta-nitroaniline single crystals

“…Phenomenologically, this behaviour is apparent in many examples from mineralogy and molecular crystals. For dipolar molecular materials, a number of investigators have reported that crystals belonging to polar point groups may show a pronounced anisotropy in the growth speed R for faces involving the polar axis (Ryu & Yoon, 1998;Srinivasan & Sherwood, 2005Singh & Banerjee, 2013;Cuppen et al, 2005;Hong et al, 2005;Chen et al, 1994). In extreme cases, unidirectional growth along the polar axis was observed (Srinivasan & Kanimozhi, 2010;Ryu & Yoon, 1998).…”

“…In extreme cases, unidirectional growth along the polar axis was observed (Srinivasan & Kanimozhi, 2010;Ryu & Yoon, 1998). By comparison of the growth dynamics of particular materials in solvents, the liquid phase and the vapour phase, recent work came to the conclusion that the phenomenon 'of unidirectional growth and dissolution along the polar axis is an intrinsic property of polar molecular crystals' (Singh & Banerjee, 2013). The influence of other components (impurity, solvent) or conformers may be present.…”

“…The influence of other components (impurity, solvent) or conformers may be present. However, this effect is 'not primarily associated with solvent and interfacial effects, which are supposed to only modulate the phenomena of asymmetrical growth and dissolution' (Singh & Banerjee, 2013). Therefore, experimental and computational work allows one to conclude ' .…”

Asymmetrical growth and dissolution along polar axis of α-resorcinol crystal: role of solvent and external environment

“…15,16 The mechanism of asymmetrical growth and dissolution along the polar faces of acentric crystals is generally attributed to the solvent effects. 16 However, it is convincingly demonstrated both experimentally 20 and computationally 21 that the phenomena of unidirectional growth and dissolution along the polar axis is an intrinsic property of acentric materials and not primarily associated with solvent and interfacial effects which are supposed to only modulate the phenomena of asymmetrical growth and dissolution. The mechanism of growth and dissolution from the vapour phase at opposite and hemihedral faces along the polar axis of different acentric materials is discussed in ref.…”

“…The mechanism of growth and dissolution from the vapour phase at opposite and hemihedral faces along the polar axis of different acentric materials is discussed in ref. 21 , which is based on the fact that polarization along the polar axis is different and hence the molecular attachment and detachment energies of the solute molecules at these faces are different. The molecular attachment energy (MAE) is the energy released (exothermic process) when a solute molecule is adsorbed on the crystal surface for its growth.…”