Growth and evolution of long-lived, large volcanic clusters in the Central Andes: The Chachani Volcano Cluster, southern Peru

Aguilar, Rigoberto; Thouret, Jean‐Claude; Samaniego, Pablo; Jicha, Brian R.; Paquette, Jean‐Louis; Suaña, Edwin; Finizola, Anthony

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107539

Cited by 4 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…are found in the southern part of the area Lower Jurassic Vargas (1970) Frontiers in Earth Science frontiersin.org dissolved in a solution of deionized water and nitric acid (HNO 3 ) and finally diluted by a factor of 2000. For comparison with surrounding volcanic products, these new data (Table 3) were combined with previously analysed rock samples from Chachani volcano cluster (Mamani et al, 2010;Aguilar et al, 2022), Arequipa Airport Ignimbrite and Yura Tuff (Paquereau-Lebti et al, 2006). The chronology of volcanic activity in the Yura Monogenetic Field was constrained using the 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating method at the Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE/IPSL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France).…”

Section: Petrography Geochemistry and Geochronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geological map of Ccapua maar, embedded on a 60-cm resolution digital Elevation Model (DEM) map. On the upper-left corner, a photograph of crater II partially covered by a blocky lava flow from Chachani volcano cluster (Aguilar et al, 2022).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second emission center covers the northwestern half of the first crater, and is also partially covered on its northwestern edge by a blocky lava flow deposit (Uyu2) from the Chachani volcanic cluster (Uyupampa lava field; Aguilar et al, 2022). The Wco reaches 480 m, the Wcr is 320 m, the average Hco is 10 m, and the average flank slope is 10 °.…”

Section: Ccapuamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wörner et al (2018) described four main constructional volcano types in the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes (Figure 1C): 1) andesitic and dacitic composite stratovolcanoes, 2) large volcanic clusters that have erupted relatively wide compositional ranges from mafic andesites to dacites, 3) voluminous rhyodacitic ignimbrite fields, and 4) scarce, volumetrically insignificant, basaltic or basaltic andesitic, monogenic fields. In the southern Peruvian Andes, recent studies have focused on the understanding of Pleistocene-Holocene stratovolcanoes (e.g., Thouret et al, 2001;Harpel et al, 2011;Rivera et al, 2014: Samaniego et al, 2016, large volcanic clusters (Mariño et al, 2020;Aguilar et al, 2022) and ignimbrite fields (e.g., Paquereau-Lebti et al, 2006Thouret et al, 2016). However, there are few studies on monogenetic volcanism (e.g., Siebe et al, 2006;Delacour et al, 2007;Galas, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emplaced over the Arequipa Airport Ignimbrite (Paquereau-Lebti et al, 2006), this scoria cone is easily recognizable in aerial photographs or satellite images (Figures 1, 5). Tephra-fall deposits cropping out near the Uyupampa town were mapped as part of older deposits of the Chachani volcanic cluster (Aguilar et al, 2022) since there was not an identified source and because these tephra layers were covered by lava flows from one of the Chachani's edifices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quaternary volcanism in the Yura Monogenetic Field near Arequipa city, southern Peru

et al. 2022

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Arequipa (Peru) is an area where volcanic activity has been persistent during the Quaternary. Studies carried out in this area have highlighted the emplacement of ignimbrite deposits, large volcanic clusters and stratovolcanoes. Monogenetic volcanism is also present, although poorly explored and studied. Due to its location over an ignimbrite plain and poor state of preservation, the only identified monogenetic cone in the Arequipa basin was the Nicholson volcano, while other monogenetic centers remained unknown. This lack of information about the recent volcanism can lead to inadequate definition of scenarios in a hazard assessment in the region. The present study has investigated monogenetic volcanism in the northwestern edge of the Arequipa basin based on geological survey, geochronology and geochemical data. Here, we report for the first time five small volcanic centers such as Yura Viejo, Ccapua, Uyupampa, El Chiral and Patacocha, which together with the Nicholson volcano form the Yura Monogenetic Field. Stratigraphic considerations and new 40Ar/39Ar ages allow us to place the eruptive activity in the Middle–Upper Pleistocene (c. 195–54 ka). Phreatomagmatic, Strombolian and effusive eruptions characterize the monogenetic activity of the field. As a result of these eruptions, small scoria cones, maars, and lava flows/coulées were generated. The eruptive products show ubiquitous olivine phenocryst-rich (<10 vol%) set in a fine pilotaxitic groundmass, suggesting rapid ascent of basaltic magmas to the surface controlled by the tectonic setting. The analyzed rocks lie in a narrow range of basaltic-andesite composition (50.9–55.6 wt% SiO2) being the most mafic Pleistocene - Recent volcanic products identified in the Arequipa basin, along with the least differentiated magmas from the nearby Chachani volcanic cluster. This work shows how monogenetic volcanism can occur contemporaneous and closely spaced to larger volcanic clusters and active stratovolcanoes. We hope the information provided here will contribute to improve the risk management by highlighting the scenario of monogenetic eruptions that should be considered in the hazard assessment.

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Section: Petrography Geochemistry and Geochronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ccapuamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quaternary volcanism in the Yura Monogenetic Field near Arequipa city, southern Peru

et al. 2022

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The late Pleistocene Sacarosa tephra-fall deposit, Misti Volcano, Arequipa, Peru: its magma, eruption, and implications for past and future activity

et al. 2023

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Between 38.5 ka cal BP and 32.4 ka cal BP, a dacitic Volcanic Explosivity Index 5 eruption at Misti volcano emplaced the Sacarosa tephra-fall deposit. Its biotite phenocrysts, fine grain size, scarce lithics, and abundant loose crystals characterize the deposit at locations sampled. The eruption’s ~ 800 °C magma rose rapidly from ~ 10 km depth, culminating in a Plinian eruption which reached a mass eruption rate of 7.7 × 106–4.1 × 107 kg/s and emplaced about 3 km3 of tephra within tens of hours. The unit comprises two layers of subequal thickness separated by a diffuse contact with the upper distinguished by being slightly coarser and less well sorted than the lower. The deposit’s coarser upper layer indicates either climactic conditions or a lesser degree of fragmentation during the latter half of the eruption. Strong winds distributed the deposit southwest of Misti, where it crops out over at least 800 km2 and drapes the present site of Arequipa with up to 100 cm of tephra. The Sacarosa deposit is the first among the Cayma stage deposits, a distinctive group of felsic, biotite-bearing units, to be carefully described and its eruption characterized. Several Cayma stage deposits were emplaced by voluminous explosive eruptions similar to the Sacarosa eruption, representing a ~ 8.9–15.5 ky interval of powerful eruptions. Such an explosive eruption today would threaten Arequipa’s over 1,100,000 residents, many of whom live within the Sacarosa deposit’s distribution.

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Fabrication and Mechanical Evaluation of Eco-Friendly Geopolymeric Mortars Derived from Ignimbrite and Demolition Waste from the Construction Industry in Peru

Huamán-Mamani,

Palomino-Ñaupa,

Orta Cuevas

et al. 2024

Geosciences

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Ignimbrite rock is a volcanic material located in the Arequipa region (Peru), and for centuries, it has been used as a construction material, giving a characteristic light pastel, white to pink color to the city of Arequipa, with white being the most common. In the present study, the potential use of three types of Arequipa raw materials (ignimbrite rock powder, calcined clay powder, and demolition mortar powder) as the main source of new binders or the manufacture of environmentally friendly mortars, without the addition of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is discussed. In this work, an in-depth characterization of the materials used was carried out. The proposed fabrication route for geopolymeric materials was considered for the manufacture of binders and mortars using an alkaline solution of NaOH with values between 12 and 18 molar, as a trigger for the geopolymerization process. Geopolymeric mortars were obtained by adding a controlled amount of fine sand to the previously prepared mixture of binder raw material and an alkaline solution. Conventional OPC and geopolymeric mortars manufactured under the same conditions were mechanically evaluated by uniaxial compression tests at a constant compression rate of 0.05 mm/min and under normal conditions of temperature and atmosphere, where the most optimal values were obtained for 15 molar alkaline solutions of ignimbrite without the addition of aggregates, with values of compressive strength of 42 MPa and a modulus elastic of 30 GPa. The results revealed a significant increase in the maximum strength and modulus of elasticity values when the volumetric fractions of OPC are completely replaced with geopolymeric binders in the study conditions of this work, demonstrating the enormous potential of the ignimbrite rock and construction waste studied, as raw material of alternative mortar binders without the addition of OPC. With this work, the ignimbrite rock, of great value in the region and also found in other areas of the Earth’s geography, was characterized and valued, in addition to the calcined clay and demolition mortar of the region.

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Growth and evolution of long-lived, large volcanic clusters in the Central Andes: The Chachani Volcano Cluster, southern Peru

Cited by 4 publications

References 86 publications

Quaternary volcanism in the Yura Monogenetic Field near Arequipa city, southern Peru

Quaternary volcanism in the Yura Monogenetic Field near Arequipa city, southern Peru

The late Pleistocene Sacarosa tephra-fall deposit, Misti Volcano, Arequipa, Peru: its magma, eruption, and implications for past and future activity

Fabrication and Mechanical Evaluation of Eco-Friendly Geopolymeric Mortars Derived from Ignimbrite and Demolition Waste from the Construction Industry in Peru

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