Growth and Growth Disorders in Children and Adolescents

Graber, Evan; Rapaport, Robert

doi:10.3928/00904481-20120307-07

Cited by 21 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Looking at factors predicting post-stunting linear growth by five years, it is important to emphasize that child illness is one of the main obstacles limiting linear growth in early childhood. The finding also confirms results from a number of studies in different settings where acute and chronic illnesses in childhood were highly associated with poor linear growth outcomes in early life [2,8,40]. Therefore, access to child health services and increased awareness of health professionals and caregivers, would be critical in improving child growth outcomes in this area.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Factors associated with recovery from stunting among under-five children in two Nairobi informal settlements

2019

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Childhood stunting is a public health concern in many low-and-middle income countries, as it is associated with both short-term and long-term negative effects on child cognitive development, physical health, and schooling outcomes. There is paucity of studies on recovery from stunting among under five children in these countries. Most studies focused on the recovery much later in adolescence. We used longitudinal data from two Nairobi urban settlements to determine the incidence of recovery from stunting and understand the factors associated with post-stunting linear growth among under-five children. A total of 1,816 children were recruited between birth and 23 months and were followed-up until they reached five years. We first looked at the time to recover from stunting using event history analysis and Cox regression. Second, we used height-forage z-score slope modelling to estimate the change in linear growth among children who were stunted. Finally, we fitted a linear regression model of the variation in HAZ on a second degree fractional polynomials in child's age to identify the factors associated with post-stunting linear growth. The principal findings are: i) the incidence of recovery from stunting was 45% among stunted under-five children in the two settlements; ii) timely child immunization, age at stunting, mother's parity and household socioeconomic status are important factors associated with time to recover from stunting within the first five years of life; and iii) child illness status and age at first stunting, mother's parity and age have a strong influence on child post-stunting linear growth. Access to child health services and increased awareness among health professionals and child caregivers, would be critical in improving child growth outcomes in the study settings. Additionally, specific maternal and reproductive health interventions targeting young mothers in the slums may be needed to reduce adolescent and young mother's vulnerability and improve their child health outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Factors associated with recovery from stunting among under-five children in two Nairobi informal settlements

2019

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“…To define the deficit, patients’ caloric intake should be compared to requirements. Caloric intake can be calculated thanks to a 24-h food recall or 3-day food diary [ 99 , 100 ], eventually with support of image-assisted approaches [ 101 ]. This analysis should preferably be carried out by a trained professional, such as a dietician or a nutritionist, especially for patients where a pathologic condition is suspected [ 102 ].…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure to Thrive in the Outpatient Clinic: A New Insight

2020

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Failure to thrive (FTT) is an abnormal growth pattern determined by inadequate nutrition. It is a common problem in children, representing 5% to 10% of patients seen in an outpatient setting. Many definitions have been proposed based on anthropometric deterioration; however, they show poor concordance. No single definition is sufficiently sensitive in identifying faltering growth whilst a combination of multiple criteria seems more accurate. In light of the recent redefinition of pediatric malnutrition as a disequilibrium between requirements and intakes of energy, and macro- and micronutrients, a wider conception of FTT as an unsatisfactory nutritional status related to poor growth and health is useful. Although the most severe problems of micronutrient malnutrition are found in developing countries, people of all regions of the world can be affected by micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs), a form of undernutrition with relevant effects on growth and health. Changes in diets and lifestyle, elimination diets, food insecurity, and food intake disorders create the conditions at risk of faltering growth and MNDs. This new insight integrates the “classical” anthropometric criteria for definition and treatment, in the aim of warranting both a regular increase in size and an overall adequate development and health status.

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“…The presence of growth problems, either in excess (gibetween head and torso, torso and limbs, between the limbs themselves or between hemisomes (28). The abnormalities can also involve the skull such as macrocephaly (Sotos syndrome, hydrocephalous), and microcephaly which is evident at birth as in the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD; see Carito et…”

Section: When and How Can The Syndrome Be Suspectedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and genetic approach to the dysmorphic child

et al. 2018

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The child affected by a malformative syndrome represents a care challenge for the pediatrician. He is in fact the heart of the multidisciplinary team that has to manage the patient, trying to control the complications of his/her syndrome and promoting the correct psychophysical development. What we must not forget is that the pediatrician provides a continuous support to the child's family, assisting them from the diagnosis to the management of problems related to the syndrome. This encourages the continuous follow-up of these children remembering also that the pediatrician is fundamental in the clinical management of the syndrome and for facilitating the social integration of these children.

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Growth and Growth Disorders in Children and Adolescents

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

Factors associated with recovery from stunting among under-five children in two Nairobi informal settlements

Factors associated with recovery from stunting among under-five children in two Nairobi informal settlements

Failure to Thrive in the Outpatient Clinic: A New Insight

Clinical and genetic approach to the dysmorphic child

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