Growth and mineral nutrition in micropropagated delphinium during a subculture period

Murphy, Kenneth P.; Nicholas, J. R.; Leifert, Carlo; Lumsden, J. Peter

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-0790-7_7

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…A suitable subculture period is essential for long-term preservation or proliferation of plant cells [ 1 , 22 ]. Prompt depletion of nutrients in the suspension medium occurs with rapid growth of the cells [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It contains nutrients such as mineral salts, organic matter, and carbohydrates, and often contains activated charcoal, agar, and plant growth regulators. Among these, mineral salts and carbohydrates are indispensable for explant growth and proliferation [ 22 , 23 ]. In this study, the difference in fresh weight of eastern bracken gametophytes, in accordance with the medium and components, was clearly revealed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Culture types and period impact gametophyte morphogenesis and sporophyte formation of eastern bracken

et al. 2021

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Background Liquid suspension culture efficiently proliferates plant cells and can be applied to ferns because it rapidly increases the fresh weight of gametophytes. This study assessed gametophyte proliferation and sporophyte production of Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum using a suspension culture method. Results The growth curve linear phase of gametophyte cells was confirmed between 9 and 18 days of culture, and the subculture cycle was determined to be 2 weeks. A double-strength MS medium (fresh weight, 18.0 g) containing 2% sucrose and NH4+:NO3− (120 mM, 40:80) was found to be the optimal liquid medium. Gametophytes obtained after suspension culture for 18 days did not normally form sporophytes in an ex vitro soil environment. However, this issue was resolved after changing the culture type or extending the culture period to 6 weeks. A short suspension culture period increased the fresh weight of fragmented and homogenized gametophytes but yielded numerous relatively immature gametophytes (globular forms of branching gametophytes, BG). Furthermore, differences in gametophyte morphogenesis and development were indicated by changes in endogenous phytohormone content. BG with immature development exhibited high accumulation of zeatin, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid, and relatively low levels of abscisic acid and indole-3-acetic acid. The immature development of gametophytes directly affected sporophyte formation. Conclusions This study maximized the advantages of liquid suspension culture using eastern bracken gametophytes and provides data to resolve any associated issues, thus facilitating efficient bracken production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culture types and period impact gametophyte morphogenesis and sporophyte formation of eastern bracken

et al. 2021

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“…Kozai et al (1992) suggested that a reduced level of mineral nutrition can contribute to an improved morphogenic response in scaled-up liquid cultures, while supplementation of PO 4 3during the latter stage of the culture period can promote growth. Murphy et al (1994) reported an initial decline in the concentration of nutrients in delphinium cultures in vitro during the course of a 7-week culture period, followed by an increase towards the end of the incubation period. When we take into consideration the nutrient supply in the solid medium, we must remember that the plants in vitro simply do not have access to the entire volume of the medium.…”

Section: Accumulation Of Macronutrients In Micropropagated Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a scale-up system for the micropropagation of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.): the effect of growth retardants, liquid culture and vessel size

Konstas

Kintzios

2003

Plant Cell Rep

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We investigated the effect of the growth retardant flurprimidol, the phase of the culture medium (solid versus liquid) and the size of the liquid culture vessel (250-ml flask versus 2.5-l airlift bioreactor) on the micropropagation of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) from nodal explants. Flurprimidol at concentrations of 0.1-2 mg l -1 caused considerable growth retardation but increased, albeit slightly, the number of branches and buds and stimulated (solid medium) or reduced (liquid medium) the accumulation of NO 3 −and PO 4 3-. Flurprimidol had varying effects on the accumulation of soluble sugars and antioxidant compounds. Bioreactor-derived plants showed an increased fresh weight and size but a decreased content of macronutrients, solid sugars, ascorbic acid and free antioxidant phenolics. The majority (95%) of the plants were successfully acclimatized after being graft on squash. The perspective for an efficient, commercial-level use of bioreactors in combination with growth retardants of this commercially important vegetable species is discussed.

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“…Also, plantlets grown continuously over many subcultures can develop nutritional problems. Murphy et al (1994) suggested that it might be worthwhile to periodically grow plantlets on different media to neutralise any long-term deterioration induced by continuous growth on a specific medium. The cause of these unidentified problems is unknown.…”

Section: Table 5 Mineral Concentrations (Per Unit Dry Weight) Found mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro uptake of minerals by Gypsophila paniculata and hybrid eucalypts, and relevance to media mineral formulation

Gribble¹,

Conroy²,

Holford³

et al. 2002

Aust. J. Bot.

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Despite the importance of mineral nutrition for plantlet growth in vitro, there have been few studies on mineral uptake from growth media or on optimising the media used in tissue culture. As plants in vitro experience abnormal growth conditions and may not possess roots, they may use different mechanisms of mineral uptake than plants growing ex vitro. To examine this possibility, plantlets of Gypsophila paniculata were grown on media in which the K or Ca concentration was varied. Mineral analysis showed a linear relationship between concentrations of K or Ca in the growth medium and plantlet tissues, suggesting uptake is by passive diffusion. However, interactions occurred between K, Ca and Mg uptake; therefore, other mechanisms are also likely to be involved in regulating mineral concentrations in tissue. The study also demonstrated that critical mineral concentrations could be estimated by using tissue-culture systems, as the concentration ranges of K and Ca in vitro correlated well with data for a related species ex vitro. This knowledge of critical concentrations, in conjunction with tissue analysis and ion speciation modelling, can be used to optimise in vitro mineral formulations through cycles of culture, tissue analysis and medium reformulation. To test this proposal, plantlets of Eucalyptus europhylla × grandis were grown on a proprietary medium formulation (SEM) and one modified as a result of tissue analysis (MEM). Plantlets cultured on SEM had chlorotic leaves and serious mineral imbalances. In contrast, plantlets cultured on MEM were not chlorotic, had more uniform growth and a more balanced mineral content. However, modification of mineral concentrations in the culture medium did not always result in similar changes in plant tissues. These differences in the proportions of minerals in the medium and those in the plant indicate that there are interactions between minerals in the medium and/or between minerals and the agar matrix that influence mineral availability and uptake.

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Growth and mineral nutrition in micropropagated delphinium during a subculture period

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Culture types and period impact gametophyte morphogenesis and sporophyte formation of eastern bracken

Culture types and period impact gametophyte morphogenesis and sporophyte formation of eastern bracken

Developing a scale-up system for the micropropagation of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.): the effect of growth retardants, liquid culture and vessel size

In vitro uptake of minerals by Gypsophila paniculata and hybrid eucalypts, and relevance to media mineral formulation

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