Growth and mortality rates of Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus measured with a selective inhibitor technique

Liu, H.; Campbell, Lisa; Landry,

doi:10.3354/meps116277

Cited by 86 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This converts to 1039 and 2062 mg C m-2 d-' of gross carbon production using the conversion factor of 1.55 determined by Bender et al (1992). Since our estimation of Prochlorococcus production rate is closer to gross production (Liu H. et al 1995, Vaulot et al 1995, we conclude that Prochlorococcus accounted for up to 39% of total gross primary production at the oligotrophic W-EqPac Station, but only 9 % at the relatively nutrient-rich E-EqPac. The contribution of Prochlorococcus to total gross primary production at Station ALOHA was much higher due to its extremely high abundance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this 'match' is only a reflection of relatively constant cell numbers at the same time of the day because our mortality estimation is related to the growth rate estimates. Although protozoan grazing is the most important fate of Prochlorococcus , Liu H. et al 1995, other losses such as lysis due to virus infection could be significant, especially in the high temperature, high solar irradiance tropical waters (Cottrell & Suttle 1995). It is estimated that an average of 3% of Synechococcus populations, a close relative of Prochlorococcus, are lysed daily by viruses (Suttle 1994).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, if cell division started 2 h earlier or later, the ratio of the minimum to maximum of cell concentration would be 0.64 or 0.57, respectively. However, the fact that grazing is probably not constant throughout the day (Christoffersen 1994, Liu H. et al 1995 (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The grazing of heterotrophic flagellates and ciliates on Prochlorococcus and other picoplankters is substantial. Mortality due to grazing is essentially equivalent to the growth of picophytoplankton and probably controls the temporal variation of the phytoplankton population (Banse 1992, Cullen et al 1992, Liu H. et al 1995. Existing methods for estimating population-specific growth and grazing rates include the dilution (Landry & Hassett 1982) and selective metabolic inhibitor (Fuhrman & McManus 1984) techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Prochlorococcus growth rate and contribution to primary production in the equatorial and subtropical North Pacific Ocean

Liu

Nolla²,

Campbell³

1997

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

Self Cite

305

246

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

DNA synthesis and cell division of Prochlorococcus are tightly synchronized to the daily light cycle, therefore, cell division rates can be estimated from the fraction of cells in each cell cycle stage during a 24 h sampling period. The total mortality rate of Prochlorococcus can also be estimated from the difference between the observed cell abundance and the expected cell number projected from growth rate in that sampling period, providing an estlmate of grazing impact. Growth and mortality rates of Prochlorococcus were investigated at 2 statlons In the equatorial Pacific, as well as Station ALOHA in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean. Growth rate of Prochlorococcus remained high at all sites independent of the nitrate concentration. The maximum growth rate (up to 1 doubling d-') occurred at 70 m depth at the western equatorial Pacific site (166' E) and at 40 to 45 nl at the eastern equatorial Pacific site (150' W) and at Station ALOHA (22" 45' N, 158' W). Total mortality rates were roughly balanced by Prochlorococcus growth at all stations. Because of the phased cell cycle and continuous (if not evenly distributed) mortality, the abundance of Prochlorococcus at each depth could vary up to 2-fold between afternoon and midnight. Prochlorococcus production was estimated to contribute 9 and 39% to the total gross primary production in the eastern and western equatorial Pacific, respectively, and up to 82% in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean at Station ALOHA. Our results suggest Prochlorococcus are not severely nutrient-limited in the oligotrophic environment. Rapid nutrient recycling by grazing activity permits Prochlorococcus to contribute a significant fraction of the total primary production.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Prochlorococcus growth rate and contribution to primary production in the equatorial and subtropical North Pacific Ocean

Liu

Nolla²,

Campbell³

1997

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

Self Cite

305

246

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A Prochlorococcus sp. isolated from Stn ALOHA was grown in batch culture using K/2 PC media (Liu et al 1995a) under blue light illumination at 10 PE m-' S-l. Prochlorococcus cell concentrations were determined by flow cytometry (Liu et al 1995a). Duplicate 2 m1 samples were collected by microcentrifugation and the cell pellet extracted in the same manner as for natural phytoplankton samples.…”

Section: Gulfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase gene expression in natural phytoplankton communities. I. Diel rhythms

Pichard¹,

Campbell²,

Kang³

et al. 1996

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Marine phytoplankton fix carbon dloxide primarily through the action of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO), the first enzyme in the Calvin Cycle. Although the regulation of this enzyme has been studied in algal cultures and higher plants, little is known regarding RubisCO regulation in natural phytoplankton populations. To determine if natural communities of phytoplankton utilize transcriptional regulation to control RubisCO expression, we investigated the diel relationship between '" carbon fixation and RublsCO large subunit (rbcL) transcript levels, rbcL DNA, chlorophyll a, autofluorescent cell counts and bacterial direct counts for natural communities of the southeastern Gulf of Mexico. Studies were performed with natural phytoplankton populations in Lagrangian studies or deck-top incubators as well as with a Prochlorococcus isolate in culture from the North Pacific Ocean. rbcL mRNA and DNA were detected by stringent hybridization using an antisense rbcL RNA gene probe originating from Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301. For natural communities, carbon fixation maxima (-0.1 to 0.7 pg C 1-' h-') occurred from early morning to mld afternoon, with minimal values at nlght. Peak levels of rbcL mRNA (3.6 to 22.2 ng 1-') almost always coincided with the time of maxlmum carbon fixation and were positively correlated. When natural phytoplankton population~ or the Prochlorococcus culture were maintained in continuous illuminat~on for 24 h, the same die1 pattern of RubisCO regulation was observed, implying that diel entra~ned rhythms in rbcL transcription occurred. The results thus indicate that natural phytoplankton communrties appear to regulate carbon fixatlon at least in part by transcriptional control of RubisCO synthesis and that such patterns appear to be rhythmlc in nature.

show abstract

Prochlorococcus

Campbell¹

2003

Encyclopedia of Environmental Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Discovery Methods of Detection and Cultivation Description Ecology Physiology and Growth Dynamics of Prochlorococcus Populations Genetic Diversity in Prochlorococcus Populations Phylogeny Genome Sequencing

show abstract

Growth and mortality rates of Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus measured with a selective inhibitor technique

Abstract: A selective metabolic inhibitor method has been developed to estimate growth rates and mortalities due to protozoan grazing of the photoautotrophic prokaryotic picoplankton Prochlorococcus

Cited by 86 publications

References 39 publications

Prochlorococcus growth rate and contribution to primary production in the equatorial and subtropical North Pacific Ocean

Prochlorococcus growth rate and contribution to primary production in the equatorial and subtropical North Pacific Ocean

Regulation of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase gene expression in natural phytoplankton communities. I. Diel rhythms

Prochlorococcus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About