Growth and nutrient uptake by cotton roots under field conditions

Schwab, G. J.; Mullins, Gray; Burmester, C. H.

doi:10.1080/00103620009370426

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This was reflected in the high nutrient accumulation in leaves and stems. Specifically, a massive push of N, P, and K into the leaves and stems was observed from 30 to 60 DAP in 2018 and 2019 (Figures 3 and 4), similar to reports from Rochester, Constable, Oosterhuis, and Errington (2012); Vieira et al (2018);and Schwab, Mullins, and Burmester (2000), who observed greater nutrient accumulation in the leaves and stems during vegetative stage. As the plants entered the reproductive stage, there was a decrease in nutrients in the vegetative parts and a net nutrient movement to the immature bolls at 90 DAP and into the seeds by 120 DAP in both years (Figures 3 and 4).…”

Section: Nutrient Accumulation and Partitioningsupporting

confidence: 86%

Dry matter and nutrient partitioning changes for the past 30 years of cotton production

2020

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Modern cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars are more productive and have unique growth and fruiting characteristics due to optimization of genetics and management practices in the past 30 yr. The most recent work evaluating nutrient uptake and partitioning by cotton was conducted in the early 1990s, necessitating a re-evaluation of nutrient accumulation and requirements in modern high productivity cultivars. Modern cultivar (FiberMax [FM] 958 and Deltapine [DP] 1646) resource allocation, including dry matter production, yields, and accumulation and partitioning of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S to different organs, was compared with that of a 1990s cultivar (Paymaster [PM] HS26) in 2018 and 2019. The modern cultivars tested in this study partitioned a greater percentage of dry matter, N, P, K, and S into the fruit than the older cultivar, highlighting the importance of partitioning for increased production potential of these cultivars from the 1990s to the 2010s. Greater efficiencies in partitioning and remobilization of N, P, K, and S resulted in 66, 88, 64, and 30% increase in the amount of lint yield produced for every unit of uptake, respectively, under favorable growing conditions. These findings suggest that existing fertility paradigm in cotton may underestimate the accumulation expectations during the middle and latter part of the growing season. These results can be a basis for optimizing nutrient application to address partitioning changes. Adjusting nutrient recommendations to the shift in cultivar growth characteristics may improve both yield and application efficiency of fertilizers. 1 INTRODUCTION Nutrient uptake and partitioning among plant tissues of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) grown under both dryland and irrigated conditions have been documented in

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Section: Nutrient Accumulation and Partitioningsupporting

confidence: 86%

Dry matter and nutrient partitioning changes for the past 30 years of cotton production

2020

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“…Still, the importance of these two mechanisms varies with soil and plant parameters such as root characteristics, plant K requirements, and water-flux rates (Baligar, 1985). Cotton uptake of K during the season follows a pattern similar to dryweight accumulation until peak flower, at which time maximum K uptake is reached and begins to decline (Bassett et al, 1970;Halevy et al, 1987;Schwab et al, 2000). This is also the period in which K demand rises dramatically due to the developing boll load as the bolls are the major sinks for this element (Halevy, 1976;Leffler and Tubertini, 1976).…”

Section: Potassium Acquisition and Soil Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potassium and stress alleviation: Physiological functions and management of cotton

Oosterhuis

Loka

Raper

2013

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

125

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Potassium (K) plays a major role in the basic functions of plant growth and development. In addition, K is also involved in numerous physiological functions related to plant health and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. However, K deficiency occurs widely resulting in poor growth, lost yield, and reduced fiber quality. This review describes the physiological functions of K and its role in stress relief and also provides some agronomic aspects of K requirements, diagnosis of soil and plant K status, and amelioration. The physiological processes described include enzymes and the regulation of organic-compound synthesis, water relations and stomates, photosynthesis, transport, cell signaling, and plant response to drought stress, cold stress, salt stress, as well as biotic stresses. The agronomic aspects of K fertilization include the K requirements of cotton, K uptake, and soil characteristics, genotypic variation in K uptake and use, and characteristics of K deficiency in cotton. In addition, diagnosis and amelioration of K soil and plant status is discussed.

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“…Although the root system of the two parents had not been studied, strong differences in the phenology and overall aerial morphological development of GUA and VH8 had been reported earlier [ 39 ]. The early and rapid root growth was reported important for high nutrient uptake after the onset of flowering in cotton [ 50 – 51 ] and large root system increased high K uptake in a K-use efficient cultivar under both irrigated and dryland conditions [ 14 , 65 ]. Therefore, it is possible that screening for improved leaf nutrient status may indirectly change allelic combinations for root morphology and growth that favour nutrient uptake and water exploitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because the fully expanded young leaves in the upper part of the cotton plant are one of the main sinks for nutrients as well as a centre for photosynthesis. Peak nutrient uptake and accumulation in cotton occurs at early to peak flowering which is just after rapid growth and expansion of the root system and prior to the beginning of the maximal above ground growth [ 2 , 50 – 51 ]. Through that period, cotton plants can take up nutrients at their highest rate and accumulate about 50% or more of the nutrient amounts required for the entire crop [ 2 – 3 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance and QTL Mapping of Leaf Nutrient Concentration in a Cotton Inter-Specific Derived RIL Population

et al. 2015

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Developing and deploying cotton cultivars with high nutrient uptake, use efficiency and tolerance to nutrient related soil stresses is desirable to assist sustainable soil management. Genetic variation, heritability, selection response and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were investigated for five macronutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg, S) and five micronutrients (Fe, Mn, B, Zn, and Cu) in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from an inter-specific cross between Gossypium hirsutum cv. Guazuncho 2, and G. barbadense accession VH8-4602. Na and K/Na ratio were also studied as the imbalance between Na and other nutrients is detrimental to cotton growth and development. The concentrations of nutrients were measured for different plant parts of the two parents and for leaf samples of the whole population collected at early to peak flowering in field experiments over two years in a sodic Vertosol soil. Parental contrast was large for most nutrient concentrations in leaves when compared with other plant parts. Segregation for leaf nutrient concentration was observed within the population with transgression for P, K, K/Na ratio and all micronutrients. Genotypic difference was the major factor behind within-population variation for most nutrients, while narrow sense heritability was moderate (0.27 for Mn and Cu, and 0.43 for B). At least one significant QTL was identified for each nutrient except K and more than half of those QTLs were clustered on chromosomes 14, 18 and 22. Selection response was predicted to be low for P and all micronutrients except B, high for K, Na and B, and very high for K/Na ratio. Correlations were more common between macronutrients, Na and K/Na ratio where the nature and strength of the relations varied (r=-0.69 to 0.76). We conclude that there is sufficient genetic diversity between these two tetraploid cotton species that could be exploited to improve cotton nutrient status by introgressing species-unique favourable alleles.

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Growth and nutrient uptake by cotton roots under field conditions

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

Dry matter and nutrient partitioning changes for the past 30 years of cotton production

Dry matter and nutrient partitioning changes for the past 30 years of cotton production

Potassium and stress alleviation: Physiological functions and management of cotton

Inheritance and QTL Mapping of Leaf Nutrient Concentration in a Cotton Inter-Specific Derived RIL Population

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