Growth and physiological condition of black ducks reared on acidified wetlands

Rattner, Barnett A.; Haramis, G. M.; Chu, Deyu; Bunck, Christine M.; Scanes, Colin G.

doi:10.1139/z87-448

Cited by 44 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Svensson and MerilaÈ (1996) found that birds with high levels of subcutaneous fat had high haematocrit values and low sedimentation rate levels, indicating that the haematocrit level of an individual is associated with its nutrition and state of health. Rattner et al (1987) reported positive correlations between haematocrit and weight change during growth in ducklings. We found that¯edglings in good condition as scored by their mass and development of breast muscles also had high haematocrits which were, however, unrelated to another measure of growth performance, tarsus length (Alatalo and Lundberg 1986;Potti and Merino 1994;Moreno et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Environmental and genetic variation in the haematocrit of fledgling pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca

Potti¹,

Moreno

Merino³

et al. 1999

Oecologia

120

103

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We report a field study of the haematocrit of pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) nestlings when close to fledging. First a descriptive study was conducted of both fledgling and adult haematocrit over 2 years to analyse correlates of variation in this trait. Then a swapping experiment was performed to see whether variation among fledglings had a measurable genetic component. Average fledgling haematocrits were lower than those of their male and female parents. Intraclass correlations among sibships in fledgling haematocrit were high in both years, indicating that the estimates of resemblance were inflated, probably by common environmental effects. Fledgling haematocrits were unrelated to date and number of young in the nest. Fledglings with a high haematocrit were heavy and had thick breast muscles. There were no significant relationships between the average fledgling haematocrit and those of the adults caring for them. Nest mite ectoparasites negatively affected fledgling haematocrit. The haematocrits of adults did not differ between sexes or years and in both sexes were unrelated to breeding date, body mass, age, clutch size or number of young reared. Females, but not males, caring for fledglings in nests infested by mites had a lower haematocrit than those rearing young in mite-free nests. The cross-fostering experiment indicated that almost all measured variation in haematocrit was explained by the nest where the bird was reared (67.2% of the explained variance), not by their nest of origin (7.8%), meaning that there was a very small, non-significant resemblance in the haematocrit of genetically related sibs when reared in different environments while unrelated nestlings reared in the same nestbox had similar haematocrits. The low proportion of variance explained by the familial component may be due to the high connection of haematocrit to fitness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Environmental and genetic variation in the haematocrit of fledgling pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca

Potti¹,

Moreno

Merino³

et al. 1999

Oecologia

120

103

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“…A positive relationship between cholesterol and body mass has been described in growing black ducks (Anas rubripes) in artificially poor ecological conditions (Rattner et al 1987). However, in other gull species cholesterol remained stable during fasting, pathological processes, and migration (Jeffrey et al 1985;Averbeck 1992;Cantos et al 1994).…”

Section: Changes In Other Biochemical Traits Throughout the Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Biochemical Study of Fasting, Subfeeding, and Recovery Processes in Yellow‐Legged Gulls

Alonso‐Álvarez

Ferrer

2001

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

105

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. ABSTRACTAn investigation of the effects of fasting, subfeeding, and refeeding on plasma biochemistry was carried out on 22 captive yellow-legged gulls Larus cachinnans Pallas. These birds showed the same fasting endurance model described in other species, but with an important decrease in glucose plasma concentration and very great differences between individuals when reaching the deterioration limit, suggesting a moderate physiological adaptation to long periods of fasting. A different model was proposed in subfed gulls in relation to fasted gulls, based on lipid and protein use, which could be reflected by changes in nitrogen wastes and triglyceride levels in this experiment. Thus, the subfed gulls might use protein directly from the diet as an energy source, thereby reducing the use of fat stores. The gulls quickly recovered body mass during the refeeding period, but while some plasma substances quickly reached their initial values, others showed many changes before the end of the experiment, which could reflect a process of metabolic restabilization. These results contribute to a better knowledge of fasting, subfeeding, and refeeding processes in birds and can be added to a recent study about fasting in gulls.

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“…Blood chemistry measurements were selected that have been indicators of developmental toxicity as well as delayed growth in mallard ducklings (Hoffman et al 1982;Fleming et at. 1985;Rattner et al 1987;Hoffman 1988) and in nestling birds (Hoffman et al 1985. The following plasma enzyme activities were measured: alanine aminotransferase (ALT; EC 2.6.1.2), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), aspartate aminotransferase (AST; EC 2.6.1.1), creatinine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2), 2~-glutamyl tranferase (y-GT; EC 2.3.2.2.…”

Section: Collection Of Tissues and Measurements O F Blood Chemistriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity and oxidative stress of different forms of organic selenium and dietary protein in mallard ducklings

Hoffman

Heinz

LeCaptain

et al. 1996

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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Concentrations of over 100 ppm (mg/kg) selenium (Se) have been found in aquatic plants and insects associated with irrigation drainwater and toxicity to fish and wildlife. Composition of diet for wild ducklings can vary in selenium-contaminated environments. Earlier studies have compared toxicities and oxidative stress of Se as selenite to those of seleno-DL-methionine (DL) in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). This study compares DL, seleno-L-methionine (L), selenized yeast (Y) and selenized wheat (W). Day-old mallard ducklings received an untreated diet (controls) containing 75% wheat (22% protein) or the same diet containing 15 or 30 ppm Se in the above forms except for 30 ppm Se as W. After 2 weeks, blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical assays and Se analysis. All forms of selenium caused significant increases in plasma and hepatic glutathione peroxidase activities. Se as L at 30 ppm in the diet was the most toxic form, resulting in high mortality (64%) and impaired growth (>50%) in survivors and the greatest increase in ratio of oxidized to reduced hepatic glutathione (GSH). Se as both L and DL decreased the concentrations of hepatic GSH and total thiols. Se as Y accumulated the least in liver (approximately 50% of other forms) and had less effect on GSH and total thiols. In a second experiment, in which the basal diet was a commercial duck feed (22% protein), survival was not affected by 30 ppm Se as DL, L, or Y and oxidative effects on GSH metabolism were less pronounced than with the wheat diet.

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Growth and physiological condition of black ducks reared on acidified wetlands

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental and genetic variation in the haematocrit of fledgling pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca

Environmental and genetic variation in the haematocrit of fledgling pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca

A Biochemical Study of Fasting, Subfeeding, and Recovery Processes in Yellow‐Legged Gulls

Toxicity and oxidative stress of different forms of organic selenium and dietary protein in mallard ducklings

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