Growth and preharvest stress and processing quality of potatoes

Iritani, W. M.

doi:10.1007/bf02855381

Cited by 43 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The translucent tissue defect studied here was similar, but not indentical, to other reported physiological disorders involving translucency (12,13,15,18). Though nontranslucent tissue from defective tubers appeared normal, biochemical changes leading to the formation of translucent tissue had been initiated as indicated by reduced LOX activity (Table III).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The area of high sugar concentration is generally uniformly distributed throughout the tuber, but often sugars are more concentrated in the vascular ring or near the stem end. Less frequently, abnormal sugar levels can be associated with various kinds of tuber defects that are visible at harvest and are characterized by a translucency of the tissue (12,13,15,18 Although the starch granules in the translucent tissue were still surrounded by a physically intact amyloplast membrane, this did not preclude changes in fine structure (20,21). It is possible that the abnormal starch/sugar conversion could have resulted from alterations in lipid metabolism in the defective areas, i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The area of high sugar concentration is generally uniformly distributed throughout the tuber, but often sugars are more concentrated in the vascular ring or near the stem end. Less frequently, abnormal sugar levels can be associated with various kinds of tuber defects that are visible at harvest and are characterized by a translucency of the tissue (12,13,15,18 tubers of the affected sample. Unlike other types of translucent tissue defects (12,13,15,18), this physiological/biochemical disorder did not manifest itself until after a period of storage and was located in the central pith-parenchymal cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Less frequently, abnormal sugar levels can be associated with various kinds of tuber defects that are visible at harvest and are characterized by a translucency of the tissue (12,13,15,18 tubers of the affected sample. Unlike other types of translucent tissue defects (12,13,15,18), this physiological/biochemical disorder did not manifest itself until after a period of storage and was located in the central pith-parenchymal cells. The translucent tissue had elevated levels of certain enzymes that metabolized carbohydrates and formed relatively large amounts of sugars in the tuber at the expense of starch.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Translucent Tissue Defects in Solanum tuberosum L.

Lulai

Sowokinos²

1986

Plant Physiol.

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We analyzed a physiological defect that involved translucent-like tissue which occurred randomly in potato tubers (Sol,um tuberosum L., cv Kennebec) after 8 months of storage. The translucent areas had reduced lipoxygenase (0.73-fold) and lipolytic acyl hydrolase (0.27-fold) activities. The effect(s) of these reduced enzyme activities in vivo is uncertain, but they may have influenced composition, turnover and permeability of membranes because potato lipid is primarily membranous in nature. Electron micrographs of the translucent tissue revealed a discernible decrease in the number of starch granules compared to normal/healthy tissue. A few remaining amyloplasts, which still contained starch granules, possessed large electrondense areas (stroma) within the organelle. Mitochondria in translucent tissue appeared to be present in increased numbers, were aggtegated, had fewer but swollen cristae, and, morphologically, were of irregular size and shape suggestive of division. The result of this tuber defect appeared, in part, to be an exaggerated or accelerated form of senescence.In potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.), starch is frequently converted to undesirably high concentrations of sugars (sweetening) as a result of senescence and/or stress during growth or storage. The area of high sugar concentration is generally uniformly distributed throughout the tuber, but often sugars are more concentrated in the vascular ring or near the stem end. Less frequently, abnormal sugar levels can be associated with various kinds of tuber defects that are visible at harvest and are characterized by a translucency of the tissue (12,13,15,18 Although the starch granules in the translucent tissue were still surrounded by a physically intact amyloplast membrane, this did not preclude changes in fine structure (20,21). It is possible that the abnormal starch/sugar conversion could have resulted from alterations in lipid metabolism in the defective areas, i.e. membrane composition, turnover and permeability (20). The lability of crystallized starch to degradation is likely influenced by the chemical integrity and permeability ofthe amyloplast membrane (14); however, the few studies conducted in this area have yielded conflicting results (17,25). Healthy, nontranslucent tubers have been shown to contain large amounts of LOX5 and LAH activities (6, 19) that remain relatively constant during tuber storage (4).Galliard (6) indicated that potato contained sufficient LAH and LOX to rapidly hydrolyze all membrane lipid (phospholipid and galactolipid) and to rapidly peroxidize the endogenous liberated linoleic (60% of total fatty acid) and linolenic acids (15% of total fatty acid). Normally LOX and LAH are necessarily sequestered, probably in the tuber vacuole (9), or LAH may exist in an inactive form in vivo (24) to prevent hydrolysis of organelle membranes (6). Lipid content of the potato is only 0.1% on a fresh weight basis and is primarily membrane in nature (8). As a result, small changes in lipid metabolism, particularly in str...

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The area of high sugar concentration is generally uniformly distributed throughout the tuber, but often sugars are more concentrated in the vascular ring or near the stem end. Less frequently, abnormal sugar levels can be associated with various kinds of tuber defects that are visible at harvest and are characterized by a translucency of the tissue (12,13,15,18 tubers of the affected sample. Unlike other types of translucent tissue defects (12,13,15,18), this physiological/biochemical disorder did not manifest itself until after a period of storage and was located in the central pith-parenchymal cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Translucent Tissue Defects in Solanum tuberosum L.

Lulai

Sowokinos²

1986

Plant Physiol.

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“…Especially, water supply such as rainfall in early growth increase DMR through increasing SC, while the one in maturity of tuber increase the moisture content of tubers and it eventually lead to a reduction in dry matter (Iritani, 1981;Jefferies and MacKerron, 1987). In this study, DMR in Seocheon (it was ranging from 19.3 to 25.1% between cultivars) was much higher than that in Gangneung (it was ranging from 14.3 to 19.5% between cultivars).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 51%

Quality and Yield Characteristics of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Grown at Paddy Field in Spring Season

Im¹,

Cho²,

Chang³

et al. 2013

Korean Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology

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Abstract. This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of quality and yield in potatoes grown at paddy field before rice transplantation during the spring season. Three potato cultivars ('Jowon', 'Haryeong', and 'Goun') were grown in Gangneung (asl 5 m) and Seocheon (asl 20 m). In both locations, weather condition belonged to the fourth zone (spring cropping) in potato production location's distribution of Korea. Daily mean soil temperature in both the locations was 0.2-0.6℃ lower than air temperature, while soil moisture was adequate level to potato growth in spite of spring drought. TR ratio was not affected by location, but by cultivar. Specific gravity, starch content, dry matter rate, and yield were significantly influenced by location and by cultivar. There was no difference in total tuber number by location, however there was a large gap in marketable tuber yield according to locations and cultivars. There were high negative relationships between yield and main qualities such as dry matter rate and starch content, while high positive correlation was observed between main qualities. It was possible to produce potato before rice transplanting at drained paddy fields located in representative two locations of potato spring cropping and their characteristics in growth and quality were similar to those generally well known in upland cultivation. Paddy field was thought to be more favorable than upland in terms of available soil moisture supply against spring drought. Further research, however, was needed to increase soil temperature and also preliminary review on proper cultivar according to location seemed to be needed for high yield.

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Tuber quality

Storey¹,

Davies²

1992

The Potato Crop

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Growth and preharvest stress and processing quality of potatoes

Cited by 43 publications

References 8 publications

Translucent Tissue Defects in Solanum tuberosum L.

Translucent Tissue Defects in Solanum tuberosum L.

Quality and Yield Characteristics of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Grown at Paddy Field in Spring Season

Tuber quality

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