The phenology and seasonal growth of Porphyra linearis Grev. were investigated in two morphologically dissimilar populations from the west coast of Ireland. Thallus size and reproductive status of individuals were monitored monthly between June 1997 and June 1998. Both populations exhibited a similar phenology: gametophyte stages appeared on the shore in October, with spermatangial and zygotosporangial sori appearing the following February; the gametophyte stage began to degenerate in April and had disappeared completely by June. However, significant differences in growth and reproduction in the field and in cultures of plants from the two populations were observed. Thallus length and width of individuals from one population were significantly longer throughout the sample period, and reproduction and sporulation occurred 1 month earlier. Also, in situ relative growth rates (RGRs) of plants differed significantly and were correlated with different climatic factors (sunshine, day length, irradiance, rainfall, seawater temperature, and intertidal temperatures), suggesting that plants were affected by two different microhabitats. At one site, blades were more exposed to wave action, sunshine, and extreme minimum temperatures, while at the other site, blades were more protected in winter, spring, and early summer. In culture, RGRs of blades from the second site were higher than RGRs of blades from the first site under short days, corroborating the field results and suggesting a degree of phenotypic differentiation between the two populations. However, there were no sequence divergences of the RUBISCO spacer between strains of the two P. linearis populations.The genus Porphyra was first established by C. Agardh in 1824, and presently there are 267 species names in the AlgaeBase species data base, of which 113 are flagged as current (Guiry and Guiry 2006). These species generally occur intertidally or in the shallow subtidal attached to rocks and other seaweeds. Porphyra (known commonly as nori in Japan, zicai in China, and purple laver in Great Britain) is a major source of food for humans and is the most valuable seaweed grown by mariculture in the world today (Hanisak 1998). Several species of Porphyra occur along the North Atlantic coast of Europe, but none of these are currently grown under artificial conditions (Varela-Álvarez et al. 1999). If nori cultivation were to develop in Europe, one of the native species should be used. Porphyra linearis is a common winter alga in the high littoral and spray zones of northern Atlantic coasts (Bird 1973) and is considered a superior species with a pleasant flavor (McLachlan et al. 1971) and a higher protein content than other Porphyra spp. (McGregor 1992).Previous studies on the life history and phenology of putative P. linearis were conducted in Nova Scotia by Bird et al. (1972, Bird 1973 and in Port Erin by McGregor (1992). Bird et al. (1972, Bird 1973 observed that the first appearance of thalli in the supralittoral zone approximately coincided with a sea temperature of ...